Assessment of bivariate normality

There are three methods, which are most commonly used to assess the bivariate normality of paired data, two of which are also used to assess the multivariate normality. Nevertheless, none of the methods is very efficient or conclusive in their assessment of bivariate normality. In this thesis we are proposing a new method to test bivariate normality. This new method makes use of a set of if and only if conditions inherent in the theory of bivariate normal distribution. The proposed new method is highly efficient, accurate, and very easy to apply using any available standard statistical software

Programming in logic without logic programming

In previous work, we proposed a logic-based framework in which computation is the execution of actions in an attempt to make reactive rules of the form if antecedent then consequent true in a canonical model of a logic program determined by an initial state, sequence of events, and the resulting sequence of subsequent states. In this model-theoretic semantics, reactive rules are the driving force, and logic programs play only a supporting role. In the canonical model, states, actions and other events are represented with timestamps. But in the operational semantics, for the sake of efficiency, timestamps are omitted and only the current state is maintained. State transitions are performed reactively by executing actions to make the consequents of rules true whenever the antecedents become true. This operational semantics is sound, but incomplete. It cannot make reactive rules true by preventing their antecedents from becoming true, or by proactively making their consequents true before their antecedents become true. In this paper, we characterize the notion of reactive model, and prove that the operational semantics can generate all and only such models. In order to focus on the main issues, we omit the logic programming component of the framework.Comment: Under consideration in Theory and Practice of Logic Programming (TPLP

Path planning algorithm for a car like robot based on MILP method

This project is presents an algorithm for path planning optimal routes mobile robot “like a car” to a target in unknown environment. The proposed algorithm allows a mobile robot to navigate through static obstacles and finding the path in order to reach the target without collision. This algorithm provides the robot the possibility to move from the initial position to the final position (target). The proposed path finding strategy is to use mathematical programming techniques to find the optimal path between to state for mobile robot designed in unknown environment with stationary obstacles. Formulation of the basic problems is to have the vehicle moved from the initial dynamic state to a state without colliding with each other, while at the same time avoiding other stationary obstacles. It is shown that this problem can be rewritten as a linear program with mixed integer / linear constraints that account for the collision avoidance. This approach is that the path optimization can be easily solved using the CPLEX optimization software with AMPL interface / MATLAB. The final phases are the design and build coalitions of linear programs and binary constraints to avoid collision with obstacles by Integer Mixed Linear Program (MILP). The findings of this research have shown that the MILP method can be used in the path planning problem in terms of finding a safe and shortest path. This has been combined with collision avoidance constraints to form a mixed integer linear program, which can be solved by a commercial software package

La desurbanización y el derecho a la ciudad desurbanizada

Cities are historically created as a collaborative work of different generations and derive from the possibilities created bylocal and climatic conditions, social relations and culture. Today, urbanization may appear as a way of organizing everyday hierarchical, exclusive, discriminatory and exploitative life through industrialized mass production of temporary, privatized, homogenized, fragmented, and power-oriented spaces. This mind-set and application generates several social and ecological problems. This article discusses the right to the city concept, and links it to the deurbanization approach as a social and ecological answer to the problems associated with current urban development. The methodology is supported by a review of the literature and an analysis of examples of works created in the De-Urban Design Studio. Results indicate that the deurbanization approach envisions creating resilient, equitable, non-hierarchical cities composed of communities that replace consumption via harmony with nature, that replace individualism and competition viacollaboration and solidarity, and that replace hegemonic relations via an equitable distribution of powerLas ciudades se crean históricamente como un trabajo colaborativo de diferentes generaciones y derivan de las posibilidades de las condiciones locales y climáticas, las relaciones sociales y la cultura. Hoy en día, la urbanización puede aparecer como una forma de organizar la vida cotidiana jerárquica, exclusiva, discriminativa y explotadora a través de la producción en masa industrializada de espacios temporales, privatizados, homogeneizados, fragmentados y orientados hacia el poder. Esta mentalidad y aplicación genera varios problemas sociales y ecológicos. Este artículo pretende discutir el concepto de derecho a la ciudad y vincularlo con el enfoque de desurbanización como una respuesta social y ecológica a los problemas de la urbanización actual. La metodología se apoya en la revisión de la literatura y el análisis de ejemplos de los trabajos creados en De-UrbanDesign Studio.Los resultados indican que el enfoque de desurbanización prevé crear ciudades resilientes, equitativas y no jerárquicas, compuestas por comunidades que reemplazan el consumo por la creación en armonía con la naturaleza; que reemplazan el individualismo y la competencia por la colaboración y la solidaridad y que reemplazan las relaciones hegemónicas por la distribución equitativa del poder