39 research outputs found
Calorimetric monitoring of the effect of endurance training and testosterone treatment on rat serum denaturation transition
Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) was
applied to evaluate whether endurance training and/or
testosterone treatment affect thermal behavior of rat serum.
Thirty-six adolescent male Wistar rats were divided into
six groups: three untrained and three trained groups,
receiving weekly 0, 8, or 80 mg kgBM
-1 of testosterone
enanthate (TE) each. Total testosterone was significantly
higher in both groups treated with the higher TE dose. The
rats’ body mass and the levels of serum glucose, uric acid,
and free fatty acids were additionally determined. The
effect of TE treatment was clearly visible in DSC curves
for sedentary rats and much less for trained rats. The differences
between averaged endothermic denaturation
transitions of serum from sedentary and physically active
untreated groups were within an experimental error. A
statistically significant increase of the width of peak at its
half height and the ratio of excess heat capacity at 75 C
and in the temperature of peak maximum (Cp75/Cpmax)
were observed due to TE treatment. The same two
parameters were significantly lower for physically active
rats. Significantly lower values of the enthalpy of serum
denaturation (DH) and the first moment of the transition
with respect to the temperature axis (M1) were observed for
endurance-trained than for sedentary rats
A preliminary study on infrared thermal imaging of cross-country skiers and swimmers subjected to endurance exercise
This study was focused on the thermal mapping of skin over the selected muscle zones in two groups of elite athletes fully engaged in completely other sports performing about an hour running effort at individual AT intensity. Two groups of elite male athletes, a group of cross-country skiers (CS; N = 6) and a group of elite endurance swimmers (SW; N = 4), were investigated. Thermal images of sportsmen’ body at front and from the rear were recorded before and about 1–2 min after exercise test using camera Flir Systems E60. Functional (heart rate, oxygen uptake, workload) as well as biochemical markers (activities of creatine kinase and lactate dehydrogenase, concentration of lactate and haemoglobin) were also assessed. The marked differentiation in skin temperature distribution in cross-country skiers and endurance swimmers subjected to the same endurance exercise on treadmill was observed. There was significant decrease in temperature in upper body temperature in CS group, while SW group revealed a significant increase in temperature of the lower limbs. The calculated total body skin temperature was also influenced by practicing training of elite athletes. Some significant correlations of physiological, biochemical and morphological parameters (% fat) with average temperature after exercise test were found for different muscle zones in swimmers and cross-country skiers. Statistical analysis showed that workload had the most impact on skin temperature changes, especially in swimmers. The results provide additional information on the muscle work in the different sport disciplines and may be helpful in efficiency evaluation of elite athletes
Whole-body cryostimulation impact on blood serum thermal denaturation profiles of cross-country skiers
Blood plasma and serum are important diagnostic materials as they clearly reflect an individual’s metabolism. The study
has evaluated the effect of whole-body cryostimulation (WBC) on the blood serum of professional cross-country skiers.
The experiment involved eight athletes (two women and six men) who underwent a series of ten WBC treatments. Aqueous
solutions of human blood serum samples before WBC procedures, after one treatment and after a series of ten treatments
were measured by means of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), a relatively novel diagnostic tool. DSC results
showed rather little impact of cryostimulation on heat capacity changes accompanying the process of thermal denaturation
of blood serum proteins in elite athletes. However, the statistically significant reduction in the intensity of the serum
denaturation transition in its low temperature range has been observed after ten WBC treatments. The results have been
interpreted by changes in the serum proteome profile, notably in the ratio of ligated to unligated albumin molecules. As a
side result, the relationships between the relative change in body fat mass after ten WBC treatments and the levels of
alpha2-globulins and beta2-globulins fractions have been found
Blood serum DSC analysis of well-trained men response to CrossFit training and green tea extract supplementation
Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) has
been used for the detection of post-exercise changes in
blood serum resulting from participation in the CrossFit
(CF) training combined with green tea extract (GTE)
supplementation. Blood samples from 20 well-trained men
were collected at rest, immediately post-exercise and after
1 h of recovery in two trials: first before and second after
CF training combined with GTE or placebo administration
in the supplemented (S) and control (C) groups, respectively.
Selected muscle damage biomarkers have been
compared in different phases of the experiment. A significant
increase in blood lactate content has been observed
post-exercise in both trials in both participants’ groups. The
opposite trends have been noted for the C and S groups in
creatine kinase (CK) activity changes recorded during the
first to the second trial: an increase in CK for the control
and a decrease for the supplemented group in all phases of
the experiment: pre-exercise, post-exercise and after
recovery. In the second trial, all CK values for the S group
have been found significantly lower than the corresponding
values recorded in the C group. These results suggest a
mitigate effect of GTE supplementation on post-training
muscle damage. DSC results did not reveal clear effects of
training nor GTE supplementation on serum denaturation
transition. However, interesting dependences of thermodynamic
parameters describing this transition have been
observed in different phases of the experiment. Statistically
significant negative correlations have been found between
post-training VO2max and post-exercise thermodynamic
parameters associated with haptoglobin contribution to
serum denaturation transition
Differential scanning calorimetry reveals that whole‑body cryostimulation in cross‑country skiers can modify their response to physical effort
In sport medicine, cryostimulation is used to help athletes to better support the training workload, to prevent the deleterious
effects of strenuous exercise and to improve recovery. In this study, eight elite cross-country skiers had two experimental
exercise sessions differing in that the second one was carried out after a series of 10 whole-body cryostimulation (WBC)
treatments. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) was applied to compare changes in athlete’s blood serum during both
sessions. Mean DSC curves of serum collected in four stages of the training session: before exercise, after exercise, at 1 h
recovery and after 24 h of rest have shown a similar nature of post-exercise changes and recovery regardless of the WBC.
Statistically significant effect of the exercise, reflected in some parameters of serum denaturation transition, has been found.
Too small number of participants in our study did not allow to verify the hypothesis
DSC serum profiles of sportsmen
The blood serum of young athletes has been
investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC)
method. The component peaks of complex endothermic
transition corresponding to serum denaturation may be correlated
with the main protein fractions of serum: albumin,
alpha-1, alpha-2, beta- and gamma-globulins. The averaged
shape of thermal transition observed for serum of sportsmen
participating in our pilot study differs from that reported
previously for healthy subjects. One of the reason for the
difference may be the lower than normal value of albumins to
globulins ratio found for individuals in our group of athletes.
Modifications of serum DSC transition due to the exercise
test and 1 and 2 h rest have been observed. Statistically based
conclusions are not currently possible because of the low
number of participants in the study. The averaged responses
to the effort and to the rest have been shown clearly different
for athletes classified as the best and typical. The first
moment of the transition with respect to the temperature axis
has been found significantly lower for the group of athletes
considered as the best
Comparison of human blood serum DSC profiles in aqueous and PBS buffer solutions
The results of studies of physiological fluids by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) for the purpose of diagnosis and monitoring of diseases are promising. Before the DSC method is accepted in medical diagnostics, it is worth experimenting with various environmental conditions at the research stage. Among other things, it is important to choose an appropriate solvent to dilute the tested biological fluids. In this work, human blood sera DSC profiles in aqueous and PBS (phosphatebuffered saline) solutions have been compared. Visibility of haptoglobin in the DSC profile of human blood serum is much better in water solution. In addition, contributions from albumin and haptoglobin are well separated in contrast to the PBS serum solutions. The peak or shoulder at about 83 °C which represents contributions from the CH3 domain of immunoglobulin
IgG1 and/or transferrin is more clearly visible in PBS solution. The results show that the type of solvent is essential when interpreting the serum DSC profile
Blood serum denaturation profile examined by differential scanning calorimetry reflects the effort put into ultramarathon by amateur long-distance runners
The impact of participation in the ultramarathon on the health and mental and physical condition is very
complex. Undoubtedly, exercise brings many benefits but also involves health risks. Especially such an extreme
effort as the one associated with finishing the ultramarathon run, can be dangerous to the health of the runner.
With the variety of possible biomarkers of excessive fatigue that threaten health and life, a question arises which
of them are the best and which should be considered in amateur long-distance runners showing particularly high
individual variability. In this study differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) has been applied to show the overall
effect of the 12-h run on blood sera of participants. Serum samples were obtained from the blood of ten male
amateur long-distance runners, collected before and immediately after the run. Distinct changes in the shape of
DSC curves have been observed for serum after finishing the run relative to pre-race serum. Statistically significant
differences between stages “before” and “after” ultramarathon running have been found for parameters
of the endothermic transition associated with denaturation of serum proteins. An increase in the temperature
(from 70.9 ± 0.9 to 75.8 ± 2.9 ◦C) and excess heat capacity (from 0.859 ± 0.201 to 1.102 ± 0.226 Jg-1 ◦C-1) at
peak maximum, the enthalpy of serum denaturation (from 18.55 ± 6.52 to 22.08 ± 5.61 Jg-1) and the first
moment of the thermal transition with respect to the temperature (from the value of 67.0 ± 2.1 to 72.6 ± 2.1 ◦C)
has been observed. These results show a clear impact of running an ultramarathon on the participant’s blood
serum
The effect of medium-term sauna-based heat acclimation (MPHA) on thermophysiological and plasma volume responses to exercise performed under temperate conditionsin elite cross-country skiers
The influence of a series of ten sauna baths (MPHA) on thermophysiological and selected
hematological responses in 14 elite cross-country skiers to a submaximal endurance exercise test
performed under thermoneutral environmental conditions was studied. Thermal and physiological
variables were measured before and after the exercise test, whereas selected hematological indices
were studied before, immediately after, and during recovery after a run, before (T1) and after sauna
baths (T2). MPHA did not influence the baseline internal, body, and skin temperatures. There was
a decrease in the resting heart rate (HR: p = 0.001) and physiological strain (PSI: p = 0.052) after
MPHA and a significant effect of MPHA on systolic blood pressure (p = 0.03), hematological indices,
and an exercise effect but no combined effect of treatments and exercise on the tested variables. A
positive correlation was reported between PSI and total protein (%DTP) in T2 and a negative between
plasma volume (%DPV) and mean red cellular volume (%DMCV) in T1 and T2 in response to exercise
and a positive one during recovery. This may suggest that MPHA has a weak influence on body
temperatures but causes a moderate decrease in PSI and modifications of plasma volume restoration
in response to exercise under temperate conditions in elite athletes