The effect of cushion of air on vibration transmitted to vehicle drivers based on standard

زمینه و هدف: ارتعاش تمام بدن (WBV) از دلایل اصلی اختلالات اسکلتی عضلانی رانندگان است. یک روش برای کاهش ارتعاش استفاده از وسیله عایق می باشد. در این تحقیق، جهت کاهش میزان ارتعاش از یک تشکچه هوا استفاده شده و با اندازه گیری ارتعاش منتقله به رانندگان قبل و بعد از استفاده از تشکچه، اثربخشی آن در کنترل ارتعاش مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. روش بررسی: این مطالعه، مداخله ای و بر روی 95 نفر از رانندگان شرکت واحد اتوبوسرانی انجام شد. پارامترهای ارتعاش در سه محور ورود ارتعاش به بدن، در دو مرحله قبل و بعد از قرار دادن تشکچه بر روی صندلی راننده توسط دستگاه ارتعاش سنج اندازه گیری و با استفاده از آزمون آماری t زوجی مقایسه شدند. یافته ها: مقایسه مقادیر ارتعاش قبل و بعد از استفاده تشکچه نشان داد که ماکزیمم فشار (Pmax) در محورهای X،Y به ترتیب(m/s2) 2921/0 و (m/s2) 3081/0 کاهش (05/0

Investigation Effect of Shift Work on Job Burnout and Depression, Anxiety, Stress Scale in Military Personnel

Shift work has been recognized as an important tool for organizing of work in developing countries. The disturbed depression, stress accident are the most common health‐related effects of shift work. The military personnel shift worker during work, are exposed to stress and psychological pressure that certainly affect the efficiency of their work. The aim of this study was to Investigation Effect of shift work on job burnout and Depression, Anxiety, Stress Scale in military personnel. This cross-sectional study was carried out on 100 military personnel male in Southern Iran. Respondents were divided into two groups based on their working schedule (50 shift work personnel / 50 day work personnel). Data collection tools were a Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-21), demographic characteristics and Maslach job burnout questionnaire. Convenience sampling was used as sampling method. Finally, Data analysis was performed with SPSS (version 20), descriptive statistics, One Way Anova test, ANCOVA and t-independent test. The results of showed that shift work has an impact on burnout and DASS-21 and mean obtained score for DASS-21 and job burnout in shift workers are more day work individuals. Analysis of variance test showed significant difference between job burnout in day workers and shift workers and job burnout were more in shift workers. Also significant difference between DASS-21 in day workers and shift workers and DASS-21 was more in shift workers. This study showed that shift work has an impact on burnout and scale DASS-21 shall is taken to Intervention actions in shift works

Experiencing neonatal maternal separation increased pain sensitivity in adult male mice: Involvement of oxytocinergic system

Early-life stress adversely affects the development of the brain, and alters a variety of behaviors such as pain in later life. In present study, we investigated how early-life stress (maternal separation or MS) can affect the nociceptive response later in life. We particularly focused on the role of oxytocin (OT) in regulating nociception in previously exposed (MS during early postnatal development) mice that were subjected to acute stress (restraint stress or RS). Further, we evaluated whether such modulation of pain sensation in MS mice are regulated by shared mechanisms of the OTergic and opioidergic systems. To do this, we assessed the underlying systems mediating the nociceptive response by administrating different antagonists (for both opioid and OTergic systems) under the different experimental conditions (control vs MS, and control plus RS vs MS plus RS). Our results showed that MS increased pain sensitivity in both tail-flick and hot-plate tests while after administration of OT (1 μg/μl/mouse, i.c.v) pain threshold was increased. Atosiban, an OT antagonist (10 μg/μl/mouse, i.c.v) abolished the effects of OT. While acute RS increased the pain threshold in control (and not MS) mice, treating MS mice with OT normalized the pain response to RS. This latter effect was reversed by atosiban and/or naltrexone, an opioid antagonist (0.5 μg/μl/mouse, i.c.v) suggesting that OT enhances the effect of endogenous opioids. OTergic system is involved in mediating the nociception under acute stress in mice subjected to early-life stress and OTergic and opioidergic systems interact to modulate pain sensitivity in MS mic