String theory dualities from M theory

We analyze how string theory dualities may be described in M theory. T dualities arise from scalar-vector dualities in the worldvolume of the membrane of M theory. ``Electric-magnetic'' dualities arise from a duality transformation in M theory compactified on a 3-torus, which takes the membrane into a fivebrane wrapped around the 3-torus.Comment: 18 pages, uses harvmac.te

Strong and Electromagnetic Interactions

Elements of a new model of strong interactions are described. The model is based on an extension of electrodynamics that is derived from a regular Lagrangian density. Here the electric and magnetic fields of Maxwell equations play a symmetric role. It is shown that results are in accordance with general properties of nuclear and nucleon systems.Comment: 24 pages, no figur

Remarks on photon-hadron interactions

Theoretical aspects of VMD and related approaches to real photon-hadron interaction are discussed. The work relies on special relativity, properties of linearly polarized photons, angular momentum conservation and relevant experiments. It is explained why VMD and similar approaches should not be regarded as part of a theory but, at most, as phenomenological models. A further experiment pertaining to this issue is suggested.Comment: 10 pages. LaTeX. 1 Postscript figure. Submitted to Physical Review

Lifshitz field theories at non-zero temperature, hydrodynamics and gravity

We consider a covariant formulation of field theories with Lifshitz scaling, and analyze the energy-momentum tensor and the scale symmetry Ward identity. We derive the equation of state and the ideal Lifshitz hydrodynamics in agreement with arXiv:1304.7481, where they were determined by using thermodynamics and symmetry properties. We construct the charged ideal Lifshitz hydrodynamics in the generating functional framework as well as in the gravitational holographic dual description. At the first viscous order, an analysis of the entropy current reveals two additional transport coefficients (one dissipative and one dissipationless) compared to the neutral case, contributing to the charge current and to the asymmetric part of the energy-momentum tensor

Superfluid Kubo formulas from partition function

Linear response theory relates hydrodynamic transport coefficients to equilibrium retarded correlation functions of the stress-energy tensor and global symmetry currents in terms of Kubo formulas. Some of these transport coefficients are non-dissipative and affect the fluid dynamics at equilibrium. We present an algebraic framework for deriving Kubo formulas for such thermal transport coefficients by using the equilibrium partition function. We use the framework to derive Kubo formulas for all such transport coefficients of superfluids, as well as to rederive Kubo formulas for various normal fluid systems

Ward identities for Hall transport

We derive quantum field theory Ward identities based on linear area preserving and conformal transformations in 2+1 dimensions. The identities relate Hall viscosities, Hall conductivities and the angular momentum. They apply both for relativistic and non relativistic systems, at zero and at finite temperature. We consider systems with or without translation invariance, and introduce an external magnetic field and viscous drag terms. A special case of the identities yields the well known relation between the Hall conductivity and half the angular momentum density

Jeans instability in superfluids

We analyze the effect of a gravitational field on the sound modes of superfluids. We derive an instability condition that generalizes the well-known Jeans instability of the sound mode in normal fluids. We discuss potential experimental implications

Lifshitz superfluid hydrodynamics

We construct the first order hydrodynamics of quantum critical points with Lifshitz scaling and a spontaneously broken symmetry. The fluid is described by a combination of two flows, a normal component that carries entropy and a super-flow which has zero viscosity and carries no entropy. We analyze the new transport effects allowed by the lack of boost invariance and constrain them by the local second law of thermodynamics. Imposing time-reversal invariance, we find eight new parity even transport coefficients. The formulation is applicable, in general, to any superfluid/superconductor with an explicit breaking of boost symmetry, in particular to high T c superconductors. We discuss possible experimental signatures

CGC/saturation approach for soft interactions at high energy: a two channel model

In this paper we continue the development of a model for strong interactions at high energy, based on two ingredients: the CGC/saturation approach and the BFKL Pomeron. In our approach, the unknown mechanism of confinement of quarks and gluons is characterized by several numerical parameters, which are extracted from the experimental data. We demonstrate that the two channel model successfully describes the experimental data, including both the value of the elastic slope and the energy behavior of the single diffraction cross section. We show that the disagreement with the experimental data of our previous single channel eikonal model (Gotsman et al., Eur Phys J C 75:1–18, 2015 ) stems from the simplified approach used for the hadron structure and is not related to our principal theoretical input, based on the CGC/saturation approach