242 research outputs found
Age at Menarche and Menstrual Problems Among School‑Going Adolescent Girls of a North Indian District
Background: Menstruation and related problems are difficult issues for adolescent girls and are a common reason for consulting healthcare providers.Objectives: To study age at menarche and menstrual problems among school girls in Lucknow district of north India.Materials and Methods: A cross‑sectional study was carried out in urban as well as rural schools of Lucknow district from October 2008 to September 2009. Multistage random sampling was used to select the requisite number of girls. A total of 847 school‑going adolescent girls between 10 and 19 years of age were interviewed and examined. Statistical analyses were done using percentage and Chi‑square test. Results: Out of 847 adolescent girls, 76.7% (650) girls had attained menarche. The overall mean age at menarche was 12.84 (1.4) years. The age at menarche and duration of menstrual flow were significantly associated with place of schools. About one‑fourth of the girls in all the three age groups (10‑13, 14‑16 and 17‑19 years) had irregular menstrual cycle. Overall, 73.7% (479/650) girls had dysmenorrhea, with 74.3% (323/435) girls in urban schools and 72.6% (156/215) girls in rural schools. There was no significant association between reproductive tract illnesses and place of schools.Conclusion: Menstruation is an important milestone for adolescent girls and menstrual problems are common among adolescent girls. So, there is a need to explain everything correctly about menstruation. It was suggested that a strong need exists for strong health educational activities among the adolescent girls, their parents, and teachers for effective management of menstrual problems among all adolescent girls. Keywords: Adolescent girls, dysmenorrhea, Lucknow district, menstruatio
Boondh: The journey of a raindrop in the drylands
This book gives you glimpses of our work in 13 project sites and also features path breaking
initiatives that were successfully implemented at other sites in India
Recommended from our members
Patterned surfaces with the controllable drug doses using inkjet printing
Data availability: The datasets generated during and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request
Stripes and the t-J model
We investigate the two-dimensional t-J model at a hole doping of x = 1/8 and
J/t = 0.35 with exact diagonalization. The low-energy states are uniform (not
striped). We find numerous excited states with charge density wave structures,
which may be interpreted as striped phases. Some of these are consistent with
neutron scattering data on the cuprates and nickelates.Comment: 4 pages; 4 eps figures included in text; Revte
Lattice anisotropy as microscopic origin of static stripes in cuprates
Structural distortions in cuprate materials offer a microscopic origin for
anisotropies in electron transport in the basal plane. Using a real-space
Hartree-Fock approach, we consider the ground states of the anisotropic Hubbard
(t_x \ne t_y) and t-J (t_x \ne t_y, J_x \ne J_y) models. Symmetrical but
inhomogeneous (``polaronic'') charge structures in the isotropic models are
altered even by rather small anisotropies to one-dimensional, stripe-like
features. We find two distinct types of stripe, namely uniformly filled,
antiphase domain walls and non-uniform, half-filled, in-phase ones. We
characterize their properties, energies and dependence on the model parameters,
including filling and anisotropy in t (and J). We discuss the connections among
these results, other theoretical studies and experimental observation.Comment: 18 pages, 16 figures, 8 table
Charge and Spin Dynamics of an Ordered Stripe Phase in La_(1 2/3)Sr_(1/3)NiO_4 by Raman Spectroscopy
For La_(1 2/3)Sr_(1/3)NiO_4 -- a commensurately doped Mott-Hubbard system --
charge- and spin-ordering in a stripe phase has been investigated by phononic
and magnetic Raman scattering. Formation of a superlattice and an opening of a
pseudo-gap in the electron-hole excitation spectra as well as two types of
double-spin excitations -- within the antiferromagnetic domain and across the
domain wall -- are observed below the charge-ordering transition. The
temperature dependence suggests that the spin ordering is driven by charge
ordering and that fluctuating stripes persist above the ordering transition.Comment: 5 pages, 4 EPS figures; to appear in Phys. Rev. Let
Antiferromagnetism and phase separation in electronic models for doped transition-metal oxides
We investigate the ground state properties of electronic models for doped
manganites and nickelates. An effective t - J like Hamiltonian is derived from
the case of strong Hund coupling between the conduction electrons and localized
spins by means of the projection technique. An attractive interaction for
conduction electrons and an anti-ferromagnetic coupling of the localized spin
are obtained. A large ratio of the attraction to effective electron hopping,
which is modulated by the spin background, will lead to the phase separation.
The anti-ferromagnetic phase and the phase separation appear in the case of
either high or low density of electrons. The possible relevance of the phase
separation to the charge stripe phase in the manganites and nickelates is
discussed.Comment: 12 pages, ReVTEX, 3 figures. To appear in Phys. Rev. B (RC), (01Oct.,
1998
Spin Dynamics in an Ordered Stripe Phase
Inelastic neutron scattering has been used to measure the low-energy spin
excitations in the ordered charge-stripe phase of La(2)NiO(4+d) with d=0.133.
Spin-wave-like excitations disperse away from the incommensurate magnetic
superlattice points with a velocity ~60% of that in the d=0 compound.
Incommensurate inelastic peaks remain well-resolved up to at least twice the
magnetic ordering temperature. Paramagnetic scattering from a d=0.105 sample,
which has a N\'eel-ordered ground state, shows anomalies suggestive of
incipient stripe correlations. Similarities between these results and
measurements on superconducting cuprates are discussed.Comment: 5 pp, 2 col., REVTeX, 4 epsf figures embedded with psfig; Abstract
and introduction have been revise
- …