Phytochemical constituents and chemosystematic significance of <i>Chrozophora tinctoria</i> (L.) Raf

<p>Twelve compounds were isolated from <i>Chrozophora tinctoria</i> (L.) Raf. They were identified as kaempferol, kaempferol 3-<i>O</i>-β-glucopyranoside, kaempferol 3-<i>O</i>-(6″-α-rhamnopyranosyl)-β-glucopyranoside, quercetin, quercetin 3-<i>O</i>-β-glucopyranoside, quercetin 3-<i>O</i>-(6″-α-rhamnopyranosyl)-β-glucopyranoside, apigenin, apigenin 7-<i>O</i>-β-glucopyranoside, acacetin, gallic acid, methyl gallate and β-sitosterol-3-<i>O</i>-β-glucopyranoside. Their structures were elucidated by chemical and spectral methods. Furthermore, chemosystematics of the isolated compounds is briefly discussed. It was indicated that <i>C. tinctoria</i> is the only species of <i>Chrozophora</i> that has the capability to synthesis kaempferol aglycone and their glycosides, and the finding is supported by its distinct morphological and anatomical aspects.</p