Physical and psychological violence in dating with stress among adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic

Currently, the juvenile delinquency trend is still very high. Dating violence (DV) is one of the delinquencies that teenagers often commit. DV has negative impacts in the form of physical and psychological impacts. Physical impacts can include bruises, fractures. Meanwhile, the psychological impact can be a the form of depression, stress, anxiety, and sleep problems. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between physical and psychological violence in dating stress adolescents. This study used a cross-sectional design. Sample of this study was 314 students (15-19 years) in Bantul chosen through a purposive sampling technique. Data analysis was using multiple logistic regressions. The results showed that there was a significant relationship towards stress, namely gender (p-value=0.050), physical violence (p-value=0.000), and psychological violence (p-value=0.000). Age (p-value=0.653) and parents' income (p-value=0.100) had no significant relationship to stress. Psychological violence variable (p-value=0.000; OR=6.285, 95%; CI=3.683-10.726) was the most dominant in triggering stress in adolescents. So, there were relationships between gender, physical and psychological violence in dating with the incidence of stress among adolescents in Bantul Regency, Yogyakarta, Indonesia during the COVID-19 pandemic

Empagliflozin in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease

Background The effects of empagliflozin in patients with chronic kidney disease who are at risk for disease progression are not well understood. The EMPA-KIDNEY trial was designed to assess the effects of treatment with empagliflozin in a broad range of such patients. Methods We enrolled patients with chronic kidney disease who had an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) of at least 20 but less than 45 ml per minute per 1.73 m(2) of body-surface area, or who had an eGFR of at least 45 but less than 90 ml per minute per 1.73 m(2) with a urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (with albumin measured in milligrams and creatinine measured in grams) of at least 200. Patients were randomly assigned to receive empagliflozin (10 mg once daily) or matching placebo. The primary outcome was a composite of progression of kidney disease (defined as end-stage kidney disease, a sustained decrease in eGFR to < 10 ml per minute per 1.73 m(2), a sustained decrease in eGFR of & GE;40% from baseline, or death from renal causes) or death from cardiovascular causes. Results A total of 6609 patients underwent randomization. During a median of 2.0 years of follow-up, progression of kidney disease or death from cardiovascular causes occurred in 432 of 3304 patients (13.1%) in the empagliflozin group and in 558 of 3305 patients (16.9%) in the placebo group (hazard ratio, 0.72; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.64 to 0.82; P < 0.001). Results were consistent among patients with or without diabetes and across subgroups defined according to eGFR ranges. The rate of hospitalization from any cause was lower in the empagliflozin group than in the placebo group (hazard ratio, 0.86; 95% CI, 0.78 to 0.95; P=0.003), but there were no significant between-group differences with respect to the composite outcome of hospitalization for heart failure or death from cardiovascular causes (which occurred in 4.0% in the empagliflozin group and 4.6% in the placebo group) or death from any cause (in 4.5% and 5.1%, respectively). The rates of serious adverse events were similar in the two groups. Conclusions Among a wide range of patients with chronic kidney disease who were at risk for disease progression, empagliflozin therapy led to a lower risk of progression of kidney disease or death from cardiovascular causes than placebo