Fetal Dopaminergic Neurons Transplanted to the Normal Striatum of Neonatal or Adult Rats and to the Denervated Striatum of Adult Rats

Fetal ventral mesencephalon from the 15th gestational day was grafted into the striatum of neonatal and adult rats. In one group of adult rats, fetal nigra was transplanted into normal striatum. In a second group, the tissue was transplanted at sites where dopaminergic fibers were denervated with 6-hydroxydopamine. The behavior of the dopaminergic neurons and glial reactions were studied by staining with cresyl violet to localize the transplants and by immunolabeling tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) and glial fibrillary acidic protein. In normal adults, the transplants were small. At the edge of the transplants, TH-positive neurons were packed into clusters, and an interface without any significant crossover of TH-positive fibers was present. Glial reaction was minimal in and around the transplant. In the denervated striatum, transplants were generally larger than those in normal striatum and surrounded by a glial scar. TH-positive neurons were both closely packed and loosely arranged at the periphery of the transplants. Processes could be clearly defined and could be traced to the adjacent host striatum through the TH-free denervated area. In neonates, the transplants were large and at times extended beyond the striatum. Most TH-positive neurons were arranged linearly along the periphery of the transplant. Cell bodies were widely separated and a well-developed neuropil was present. Fibers from the transplant mingled freely with the host striatum without any interface. In all three transplant groups, tracing the TH-positive neurites was easy because they were thicker and coarser than other elements. No apparent glial reaction occurred in the neonates. Thus, the growth and maturation of dopaminergic neurons seemed to vary in different environments. The most conducive environment appears to be neonatal brain in which growth factors are readily available

Metal oxides and its blended derivative’s coating for anti-corrosion application

9-17Thin film deposition by using different nanomaterials has been an efficient and reliable way for enhancing the anti-corrosive property of the materials as well as strength improvement such as hardness, conductivity and wear resistance. Various materials have been taken as substrates like mild steel, magnesium, Aluminum, Copper, Tin, Carbon steel with thin film coatings of Zn–TiO2, Ce/Co, Zn-HA/TiO2, CrN/TiN, Ni- Co have been sampled. These specimens have been studied for numerous properties like surface roughness, wear resistance, adhesion strength, microhardness, hydrophobicity etc. It has been found that the components like muffler, differential, engine chassis, exhaust system, gears do undergo corrosion due to several factors like climate change, oxidation, moisture content etc. The aim of the review has been to highlight the advances in the coatings providing anticorrosive properties to various metallic substrates used specially for mechanical and automobile industries

Metal oxides and its blended derivative’s coating for anti-corrosion application

The prime objective of thin film formation on metallic substrate is to enhance the mechanical , structural ,tribological and electrical properties. Thin film deposition by using different nanomaterials is also an efficient and reliable way for enhancing the anti-corrosive property. As it is known that there are various factors which affect life and strength of mechanical parts. So thin film coatings can improve a material’s performance significantly in certain areas of corrosion control, and strength improvement for example hardness, conductivity, wear resistance etc. The various parts which are susceptible to corrosion and used in mechanical and automobile industries are firstly identified. It is found that the components like muffler, differential, engine chassis, exhaust system ,gears,etc.  which undergo corrosion due to  several  factors like climate change, oxidation, moisture content etc. To ameliorate anti corrosive property as well as other mechanical properties, it is necessary to obtain an optimum percentage of materials to be coated. The aim of the review is to highlight the advances in the coatings providing anticorrosive properties to various metallic substrates used specially for mechanical and automobile industries. Keywords-substrate, nanomaterials, muffler etc

Evaluation of three cycles of recurrent selection for improvement of seed yield in safflower using genetic male sterility

Abstract Three cycles of recurrent selection for seed yield were conducted in a genetically broad-based population of safflower segregating for genetic male sterility for development of safflower varieties with broad genetic base. Four families from C 1 , 26 families from C 2 and 41 families from C 3 significantly out-yielded the check variety, Bhima. The percent increase in seed yield over check variety, Bhima ranged from 24.37 to 35.52%. The highest yield was recorded by half-sib 68 (2131 kg/ha) followed by half-sib 109 (2091 kg/ha) and half sib 92 (1985 kg/ha) in advanced yield trials. The application of recurrent selection procedure provides a better approach for development of higher yielding safflower varieties with a broad genetic base