Example of the simulation study of a typical subject using the ARMAX model in step 1 and 2.

<p>Separation of the tachogram is performed using OSP. The signals are shown in both time (only 120 s are shown here) and frequency domain. From top to bottom: , , , . In dashed black, the estimated components using OSP are displayed.</p

Scheme of the LMS adaptive filtering to separate respiratory influences from the tachogram.

<p>Scheme of the LMS adaptive filtering to separate respiratory influences from the tachogram.</p

Example of stability study using orthogonal subspace projection.

<p>The residual signal of the full 6-minute period (, thick grey) and the three 2-minute segments (, dashed black) are shown.</p

Block diagram of the stability study.

<p>Block diagram of the stability study.</p

Self-injury and suicide behavior among young people with perceived parental alcohol problems in Denmark:a school-based survey

The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that young people who perceive their parents to have alcohol problems are more likely to self-injure, have suicide ideation, and to attempt suicide than young people without parental alcohol problems. We also tested whether the association between parental alcohol problems and self-injury, suicide ideation, and suicide attempt among young people differed depending on the gender of the child and the parent. Data came from the Danish National Youth Study 2014, a web-based national survey. A total of 75,853 high school and vocational school students participated. Self-injury, suicidal ideation, and suicide attempts were outcomes and the main exposure variables were perceived parental alcohol problems, gender of the parent with alcohol problems, cohabitation with a parent with alcohol problems, and severity of the parents' alcohol problems. Young people with parental alcohol problems had higher odds of self-injury [boys: OR = 1.59 (95% CI 1.40-1.82); girls: OR = 1.84 (95% CI 1.69-1.99)], suicidal ideation [boys: OR = 1.81 (95% CI 1.59-2.06); girls: OR 1.74 (95% CI 1.59-1.89)], and suicide attempt [boys: OR = 2.10 (95% CI 1.63-2.71); girls: OR = 2.09 (95% CI 1.80-2.42)] compared to young people without parental alcohol problems. Girls with parental alcohol problems had higher odds of self-injury than boys with parental alcohol problems, whereas no gender differences were found for suicidal ideation and suicide attempts. Also no differences were found depending on the gender of the parent with alcohol problems. This study shows that young people with parental alcohol problems have higher odds of self-injury, suicide ideation, and suicide attempts

Boxplots of the normalized root mean-squared errors (NRMSE) (left), and the squared errors (SE) (right) in LF power (top) and HF power (bottom) between and obtained using the stability study.

<p>Outliers are not shown.</p

Block diagram of the simulation study.

<p>Block diagram of the simulation study.</p

Performance of the approximation method (i.e. the expansion without the rest term Δ<i>ℓ</i>) on the two circles data (second SVM model).

<p>(a) Latent variables of the SVM model with RBF kernel and the approximation. The approximated latent variable is a good estimate of the latent variable of the SVM model. (b) Contributions of the approximation of the second SVM model and the rest term. The box-plots visualize the range of the different contributions. The upper boxplot indicates the range of the latent variable of the SVM model. In this example the range of the rest term can be ignored in comparison with the ranges of the other contributions. As such, the approximation of this specific SVM model will be able to explain the classifier.</p

Visualization of the third SVM model (polynomial kernel) on the example of the two circles.

<p>Visualization of the third SVM model (polynomial kernel) on the example of the two circles.</p

Nomogram of a logistic regression model including polynomial transformations of the input variables for the two circles problem.

<p>The non-linearities are visualized by the use of two axes for each input.</p