Economic incentives in the system of environmental-economic relations

Environmental protection in Iraq suffers from a lack of means allocated by the government. In these conditions improving of economic mechanism of the environmental protection plays a crucial role. The main objective of the economic mechanism is to rich the goals of state environmental policy by economic measures. When you are citing the document, use the following link http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/2672

Errors Analysis in Distance Relay Readings with Presence of FACTS Devices

This  paper  presents studying the  performance of  distance impedance relay with the presence of  FACTS devices .Also  the measured  impedance  at   the  relaying  point  in  the  presence  of  series FACTS device SSSC , and  shunt FACTS device called STATCOM are obtained. A detailed  model of both SSSC and STATCOM  is  introduced  and  then  the  faulty  system is studied analytically , where  the  errors in the measured  impedance of distance impedance relay   are  introduced as a result of the presence of  series  and  shunt  FACTS  devices. The analysis results show the effect of impacting the FACTS devices location, the values of inserted SSSC and STATCOM voltages (operational conditions) and also the fault resistance values. Keywords: Distance Relay, FACTS, STATCOM, SSSC

The relationship of renal function to outcome: A post hoc analysis from the EdoxabaN versus warfarin in subjectS UndeRgoing cardiovErsion of Atrial Fibrillation (ENSURE-AF) study.

The ENSURE-AF study (NCT 02072434) of anticoagulation for electrical cardioversion in nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF) showed comparable low rates of bleeding and thromboembolism between the edoxaban and the enoxaparin-warfarin treatment arms. This post hoc analysis investigated the relationship between renal function and clinical outcomes. METHODS: ENSURE-AF was a multicenter, PROBE evaluation trial of edoxaban 60 mg, or dose reduced to 30 mg/d for weight≤60 kg, creatinine clearance (CrCl; Cockcroft-Gault) ≤50 mL/min, or concomitant P-glycoprotein inhibitors compared with therapeutically monitored enoxaparin-warfarin in 2,199 NVAF patients undergoing electrical cardioversion. Efficacy and safety outcomes and time in therapeutic range in the warfarin arm were analyzed in relation to CrCl in prespecified ranges ≥15 and ≤30, >30 and ≤50, >50 and 30 to ≤50 compared with 71.8% in those with CrCl ≥80. The odds ratios for the primary efficacy and safety end points were comparable for the different predefined renal function strata; given the small numbers, the 95% CI included 1.0. In the subset of those with CrCl ≥95, the odds ratios showed consistency with the other CrCl strata. When CrCl was assessed as a continuous variable, there was a nonsignificant trend toward higher major or clinically relevant nonmajor bleeding with reducing CrCl levels, with no significant differences between the 2 treatment arms. When we assessed CrCl at baseline compared with end of treatment, there were no significant differences in CrCl change between the edoxaban and enoxaparin-warfarin arms. The proportions with worsening of renal function (defined as a decrease of >20% from baseline) were similar in the 2 treatment arms. CONCLUSION: Given the small number of events in ENSURE-AF, no effect of renal (dys)function was demonstrated in comparing edoxaban to enoxaparin-warfarin for cardioversion; efficacy and safety of edoxaban remained consistent even in patients with normal or supranormal renal function

Analysis of Wind Turbine Driven Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator under Different Loading Conditions

This paper proposes the configuration of a Wind Turbine generating system equipped with Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator (PMSG). There are different types of synchronous generators, but the PMSG is chosen which has better performance due to higher efficiency and less maintenance. Since it can be used without a gearbox also implies a reduction of the weight of the nacelle and a reduction of costs. The model includes a wind turbine model, drive train model and PMSG model. The equations that explain their behavior have been introduced. The generator model is established in the d-q synchronous rotating reference frame. The proposed Wind Turbine Generator System (WTGS) has been implemented in MATLAB/SIMULINK software. The PMSG is operating in stand-alone which is loaded with different types of loads. The simulation results indicate the ability of wind driven PMSG to operate over wide range of operating conditions at different loading conditions and show effect of different load types in operation. Keywords: Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator (PMSG), Wind Turbine, Wind Energy and WTGS MATLAB/SIMULINK

Sobriety and Localic Compactness in Categories of L

The notions of L-sobriety and L-spatiality are introduced for the category L-BiTop of L-bitopological spaces. Such notions are used to extend the known adjunction between the category L-Top of L-topological spaces and the category Loc of locals to one between the category L-BiTop and BiLoc. Also, the concepts of localic regularity and localic compactness are introduced in the mentioned category

Fuzzy neighborhood structures on partially ordered groups

Ahsanullah (1988) showed the compatibility between group structures and I-fuzzy neighborhood systems. In this paper, we require not only that the I-fuzzy neighborhood systems be compatible with the group structures, but also compatible with the order relation, in one sense or another

Sustainable Agro-Food Industrial Wastewater Treatment Using High Rate Anaerobic Process

This review article compiles the various advances made since 2008 in sustainable high-rate anaerobic technologies with emphasis on their performance enhancement when treating agro-food industrial wastewater. The review explores the generation and characteristics of different agro-food industrial wastewaters; the need for and the performance of high rate anaerobic reactors, such as an upflow anaerobic fixed bed reactor, an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor, hybrid systems etc.; operational challenges, mass transfer considerations, energy production estimation, toxicity, modeling, technology assessment and recommendations for successful operation