Incidence of Cronobacter sakazakii in Dairy-based Desserts

Cronobacter sakazakii is one of emerging foodborne pathogens around the world. A total of 90 dairy-based desserts samples (ice cream, Muhallabia and rice pudding) were examined for detecting C. sakazakii. All samples were submitted for bacteriological examination and confirmed by molecular identification using 16S rRNA gene for C. sakazakii. The bacteriological and molecular examination revealed that the incidence of occurrence of C. sakazakii was 5.55% from the total dairy-based desserts samples, the highest percentage occurred in rice pudding samples (10%), while the incidence of C. sakazakii in ice cream and Muhallabia were 3.33% for each type. The results pointed out that high risk for human may occur by contaminated dairy-based desserts. The hygienic precautions must be taken during the processing of these types of products

MYCOBACTERIUM AVIUM SUBSP. PARATUBERCULOSIS IN RAW CAPRINE MILK

ABSTRACT One hundred and fifty individual caprine milk samples were analyzed for Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP). Out of 150 samples tested for MAP, 53 (35.33%) samples could be detected by Enzyme-Linked Immunosobent Assay (ELISA) technique. However, one (0.67%) sample was found positive in Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) method and failed to be isolated from all the examined samples

Occurrence of Toxoplasma gondii in raw goat, sheep, and camel milk in Upper Egypt

Background and Aim: Toxoplasmosis is a worldwide zoonotic disease with harmful effects on animal and human health. Ingestion of contaminated raw milk has been suggested as a vehicle for transmission of Toxoplasma gondii to human. The present study was performed for the detection of T. gondii in raw milk samples of goat, sheep, and camel in Upper Egypt using two different techniques (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay [ELISA] and quantitative polymerase chain reaction [qPCR]). Materials and Methods: This study was conducted to determine the T. gondii prevalence using ELISA and qPCR in raw goat, sheep, and camels milk (30 samples for each) collected from different locations in Upper Egypt. Results: T. gondii IgG antibodies were detected in 90.0, 60.0, and 3.33% of goat, sheep, and camel milk samples, respectively. From the positive samples of T. gondii IgG, the parasitic DNA was detected only in two examined milk samples, one of them was present in goat milk sample and another one was found in sheep milk sample. On the other hand, the parasite was not detected in camels' milk samples. Conclusion: These results concluded that the raw milk was contaminated by T. gondii tachyzoites which could be a source of human infection. Restricted hygienic programs should be implemented in the animal farms to decrease the risk of milk contamination by this parasite

Potential Risk of Antimicrobial Resistance Related to Less Common Bacteria Causing Subclinical Mastitis in Cows

Antimicrobials are an essential tool for intra-mammary infection control. This study was achieved to assess the resistance to antimicrobials as a risk associated with less common bacteria identified in subclinical mastitis (SCM) milk samples of dairy cows. The disc diffusion method was used for determining the resistance to antimicrobials. The interrelate resistance genes were also detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The antimicrobial sensitivity test indicated that ampicillin, oxacillin, gentamicin, tetracycline, amoxicillin + clavulanic acid, oxytetracycline, and cephradine were highly resistant antibiotics against gram-positive bacilli microorganisms. However, the highest effective antibiotic against the investigated gram-negative bacilli isolates was gentamicin. The antimicrobial resistance genes investigation showed that the tetA(A) and blaTEM genes were expressed in all the Gram-negative bacilli isolates. The mecA and blaZ were positive in the investigated Staphylococcus chromogenes isolates, while all B. cereus and B. subtilis isolates were positive for the Bla gene. The Sul1 gene was positive in all the examined Citrobacter amalanaticus, Enterobacter species, and 50.0% of Klebsiella oxytoca isolates. The mph (A) gene was found in all Enterobacter species isolates. &nbsp

Study on the antimicrobial activity of Ethanol Extract of Propolisagainst enterotoxigenic Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus in lab prepared Ice-cream

The objective of this study was to investigate the antimicrobial activity of ethanol extract of propolis against enterotoxigenic strain of MRSA which inoculated into lab prepared ice cream. EEP was added to ice cream in 3 concentrations (150, 300 and 600 mg/L). The prepared ice cream was divided into 2 groups, one stored at freezer temp. at (-5°C), while the other was kept in deep freezer temp. at (-20°C). MRSA could not be counted from the th nd st 4, 2 and 1 week of storage at freezer temp, while at deep freezer temp. MRSA could not be enumerated from rd st rd the 3, 1 week and 3 day of storage in portions contained 150, 300 and 600mg/L EEP, respectively