6,865 research outputs found
3D-2D crossover in the naturally layered superconductor (LaSe)1.14(NbSe2)
The temperature and angular dependencies of the resistive upper critical
magnetic field reveal a dimensional crossover of the superconducting
state in the highly anisotropic misfit-layer single crystal of
(LaSe)(NbSe) with the critical temperature of 1.23 K. The
temperature dependence of the upper critical field for
a field orientation along the conducting -planes displays a
characteristic upturn at 1.1 K and below this temperature the angular
dependence of has a cusp around the parallel field orientation. Both
these typical features are observed for the first time in a naturally
crystalline layered system.Comment: 7 pages incl. 3 figure
Photometry of SN 2002bo with template image subtraction
VRI photometry of the type Ia supernova 2002bo is presented. This SN exploded
in a dusty region of the host galaxy NGC 3190, thus, subtraction of a template
frame was necessary to obtain reliable photometry. We used a template frame of
NGC 3190 taken during the course of our galaxy imaging project, fortunately,
just a few days before SN 2002bo was discovered. The aim of this project is to
collect template frames of nearby galaxies that are potential hosts of bright
SNe. Subtraction of pre-SN images helped us to exclude the background light
contamination of the host galaxy. The maximum occurred at JD 2452346, with
maximal V brightness of 13.58. MLCS analysis led to T0(B)=JD 2452346.1 pm 0.8
(fiducial B-maximum), E(B-V)=0.24 pm 0.02, mu0=32.46 pm 0.06, Delta=-0.14 pm
0.04. E(B-V)=0.24(2) indicates a significant extinction in the host galaxy as
the galactic reddening is negligible toward NGC 3190. The accepted value of
Delta indicates that SN 2002bo was a slightly overluminous SN by about 0.14
relative to fiducial SN Type Ia. The distance turned out to be 31.0 pm 3 Mpc.
In addition, the heavily obscured SN 2002cv was also detected on the I frame
taken on JD 2452434 (June 8, 2002), and a variable star is found in the field,
very close to the host galaxy.Comment: accepted by Astronomy and Astrophysic
Tensor Coordinates in Noncommutative Mechanics
A consistent classical mechanics formulation is presented in such a way that,
under quantization, it gives a noncommutative quantum theory with interesting
new features. The Dirac formalism for constrained Hamiltonian systems is
strongly used, and the object of noncommutativity plays
a fundamental rule as an independent quantity. The presented classical theory,
as its quantum counterpart, is naturally invariant under the rotation group
.Comment: 12 pages, Late
Exchange effects on electron scattering through a quantum dot embedded in a two-dimensional semiconductor structure
We have developed a theoretical method to study scattering processes of an
incident electron through an N-electron quantum dot (QD) embedded in a
two-dimensional (2D) semiconductor. The generalized Lippmann-Schwinger
equations including the electron-electron exchange interaction in this system
are solved for the continuum electron by using the method of continued
fractions (MCF) combined with 2D partial-wave expansion technique. The method
is applied to a one-electron QD case. Cross-sections are obtained for both the
singlet and triplet couplings between the incident electron and the QD electron
during the scattering. The total elastic cross-sections as well as the
spin-flip scattering cross-sections resulting from the exchange potential are
presented. Furthermore, inelastic scattering processes are also studied using a
multichannel formalism of the MCF.Comment: 11 pages, 4 figure
Ground-state densities and pair correlation functions in parabolic quantum dots
We present an extensive comparative study of ground-state densities and pair
distribution functions for electrons confined in two-dimensional parabolic
quantum dots over a broad range of coupling strength and electron number. We
first use spin-density-functional theory to determine spin densities that are
compared with Diffusion Monte Carlo (DMC) data. This accurate knowledge of
one-body properties is then used to construct and test a local approximation
for the electron-pair correlations. We find very satisfactory agreement between
this local scheme and the available DMC data, and provide a detailed picture of
two-body correlations in a coupling-strength regime preceding the formation of
Wigner-like electron ordering.Comment: 18 pages, 12 figures, submitte
Energy benchmarks for water clusters and ice structures from an embedded many-body expansion
We show how an embedded many-body expansion (EMBE) can be used to calculate
accurate \emph{ab initio} energies of water clusters and ice structures using
wavefunction-based methods. We use the EMBE described recently by Bygrave
\emph{et al.} (J. Chem. Phys. \textbf{137}, 164102 (2012)), in which the terms
in the expansion are obtained from calculations on monomers, dimers, etc. acted
on by an approximate representation of the embedding field due to all other
molecules in the system, this field being a sum of Coulomb and
exchange-repulsion fields. Our strategy is to separate the total energy of the
system into Hartree-Fock and correlation parts, using the EMBE only for the
correlation energy, with the Hartree-Fock energy calculated using standard
molecular quantum chemistry for clusters and plane-wave methods for crystals.
Our tests on a range of different water clusters up to the 16-mer show that for
the second-order M\o{}ller-Plesset (MP2) method the EMBE truncated at 2-body
level reproduces to better than 0.1 m/monomer the correlation energy
from standard methods. The use of EMBE for computing coupled-cluster energies
of clusters is also discussed. For the ice structures Ih, II and VIII, we find
that MP2 energies near the complete basis-set limit reproduce very well the
experimental values of the absolute and relative binding energies, but that the
use of coupled-cluster methods for many-body correlation (non-additive
dispersion) is essential for a full description. Possible future applications
of the EMBE approach are suggested
Beat Cepheids as Probes of Stellar and Galactic Metallicity
The mere location of a Beat Cepheid model in a Period Ratio vs. Period
diagram (Petersen diagram) puts very tight constraints on its metallicity Z.
The Beat Cepheid Peterson diagrams are revisited with linear nonadiabatic
turbulent convective models, and their accuracy as a probe for stellar
metallicity is evaluated. They are shown to be largely independent of the
helium content Y, and they are also only weakly dependent on the
mass-luminosity relation that is used in their construction. However, they are
found to show sensitivity to the relative abundances of the elements that are
lumped into the metallicity parameter Z. Rotation is estimated to have but a
small effect on the 'pulsation metallicities'. A composite Petersen diagram is
presented that allows one to read off upper and lower limits on the metallicity
Z from the measured period P0 and period ratio P1/P0.Comment: 9 pages, 12 color figures (black and white version available from 1st
author's website). With minor revisions. to appear in Ap
Personalised trails and learner profiling within e-learning environments
This deliverable focuses on personalisation and personalised trails. We begin by introducing and defining the concepts of personalisation and personalised trails. Personalisation requires that a user profile be stored, and so we assess currently available standard profile schemas and discuss the requirements for a profile to support personalised learning. We then review techniques for providing personalisation and some systems that implement these techniques, and discuss some of the issues around evaluating personalisation systems. We look especially at the use of learning and cognitive styles to support personalised learning, and also consider personalisation in the field of mobile learning, which has a slightly different take on the subject, and in commercially available systems, where personalisation support is found to currently be only at quite a low level. We conclude with a summary of the lessons to be learned from our review of personalisation and personalised trails
Point-contact spectroscopy of MgB2
Point-contact spectroscopy measurements on magnesium diboride reveal the
existence of two superconducting energy gaps closing at the same transition
temperature in line with the multiband model of superconductivity. The sizes of
the two gaps ( = 2.8 meV and = 6.5-7 meV) are
respectively smaller and larger than the expected weak coupling value of the
one-gap superconductor. The smaller gap is rapidly filled by a small magnetic
field of about 1-2 Tesla much lower than the real upper critical field
. The larger gap is closed at the anisotropic . Above the gap
energies reproducible non-linearities are observed at the characteristic phonon
energies of MgB.Comment: 14 pages incl. 8 eps figure
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