SHORT TERM HYDRO THERMAL SCHEDULING PROBLEM: A REVIEW

Operation of a system having both hydro and thermal plants is far more complex and is of much more importance in a modern interconnected power system. The objective of the STHS problem is to optimize the electricity production, considering a short-term planning horizon. This paper presents an extensive review of a short term hydro thermal scheduling problem. The paper demonstrates results of various evolutionary and analytical methods applied on a short term hydro thermal scheduling problem .All the assumptions made and a brief description of the solution methods is presented in the paper. The paper provides helpful information and resources for the future studies for researchers those interested in the problem or intending to do additional research in this area

NITROGEN DEFICIENCY CALCULATION OF LEAVES USING ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORK

In this proposed work, we are estimating the nitrogen content and calculating the nitrogen deficiency in pomegranate leaves. We collect different Nitrogen deficient leaves. We had measured the chlorophyll content of the collected leaves. We captured the images of collected leaves under the closed environment. These leaves are sent to the chemical analysis for the nitrogen estimation. Extracting the statistical features of images and creating the database. The captured images are compared with database and then find the nitrogen deficiency of leaf. For irrigated crops, plant analysis can be used as an aid in making decisions about nutrient applications such as nitrogen and some micronutrients. One example is petiole testing in irrigated potatoes. Nitrate nitrogen levels in the potato petiole are determined weekly, and the information is used to help make nitrogen fertilization decisions all season long. Plant analysis is also used in fruit and vegetable crops as a guide for nutrient application during the season

IOT AND GSM BASED SMART ENERGY METER

According to present scenario, energy savingis very important because of differencebetweendemand and power generation.TheIoT andGSM Based Smart Energy Meter system will be controlledby using Wi-Fi module. The Internet of Thing (IoT) is the media to transferthe data under the network without any help of a human to human or human to computer interrelation.The electrical load can be consumedregularly by payingthe required amount. When the electricity bill is not paid then the supply will be OFF through the service provider.A meter readings Collection is not efficient, because a meter reader has to physically be on consumers site to record the readingsand handover the bills to the consumer every month.This procedure is known asmeter reading. The main drawback of this system is that person appointed form service provider has to go area by area and he has to collect the meter reading of every consumerand after one week handover the bills. This system have errors such as extra bill amount or notification from electric board even though the bills are paid are common error

IOT AND GSM BASED SMART ENERGY METER

According to present scenario, energy savingis veryimportant because of differencebetweendemand and power generation.TheIoT And GSM Based Smart Energy Meter system will be controlledby using Wi-Fi module. The Internet of Thing (IoT) is the media to transferthe data under the network without any help of a human to human or human to computer interrelation.The electrical load can be consumedregularly by payingthe required amount. When the electricity bill is not paid then the supply will be OFF through the service provider A meter readings Collection is not efficient, because a meter reader has to physically be on consumers site to record the readingsand handover the bills to the consumer every month