Assessment of Fetal Autonomic Nervous System Activity by Fetal Magnetocardiography: Comparison of Normal Pregnancy and Intrauterine Growth Restriction

Objective. To clarify the developmental activity of the autonomic nervous system (ANS) of the normal fetus and intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) cases using fetal magnetocardiography (FMCG). Subjects and Methods. Normal pregnancy (n = 35) and IUGR (n = 12) cases at 28–39 and 32–37 weeks of gestation, respectively, were included in this study. The R-R interval variability was used to calculate the coefficient of variance (CVRR) and low frequency/high frequency (LF/HF) ratio. Results. The value of CVRR in the normal pregnancy group displayed a slight increasing trend with gestational age. However, no such trend was observed in the IUGR group. In contrast, the LF/HF ratio in both the normal pregnancy group and the IUGR group clearly increased over the gestational period; the normal group showing statistical significance. Conclusion. The development of fetal ANS activity in IUGR cases might differ from that observed in the normal pregnancy group, and this may facilitate early detection of IUGR

Parallel Particle-In-Cell Plasma Simulations on GPU, Vector, and Scalar Systems

The calculation performance of two types of moment calculation algorithms are evaluated on a GPU system with nVIDIA C2070 board and vector-type system on the Earth Simulator for one of the particle-in-cell plasma simulations. Those are WORK and SORT algorithms. The performances are compared with the scalar system (Intel Xeon) performance. We use 8 byte double precision variables for physical memory on both CPU and GPU chips. The used simulation algorithm is three-dimensional Hybrid code for ion-ion beam instability with periodic boundary system.OS6-9; 31st JSST Annual Conference (September 27-28, 2012, Kobe University, Japan) / Authors from proceedings TO

Efficacy of Temporary Transvenous Pacing to Prevent Atropine-resistant Bradycardia during Surgery for a Tumor in the Brainstem Region : A Case Report

Article信州医学雑誌 64(3): 153-157(2016)journal articl

Noninvasive Positive Pressure Ventilation against Reperfusion Pulmonary Edema following Percutaneous Transluminal Pulmonary Angioplasty

A 69-year-old man with chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) was on amblatory oxygen inhalation therapy (3 L/min) and scheduled for percutaneous transluminal pulmonary angioplasty (PTPA). The patient's New York Heart Association functional status was class III with recent worsening of dyspnea and apparent leg edema. Transthoracic echocardiography revealed right ventricular enlargement with mean pulmonary artery pressure of 42 mmHg. After PTPA, he was complicated with postoperative reperfusion pulmonary edema, and noninvasive positive pressure ventilation (NPPV) was applied immediately. Hypoxemia was successfully treated with 15 days of NPPV. Although mean pulmonary artery pressure was unchanged, his brain natriuretic peptide level decreased from preoperative 390.3 to postoperative 44.3 pg/dL. In addition, total pulmonary resistance decreased from preoperative 18 to postoperative 9.6 wood unit·m2. The patient was discharged on day 25 with SpO2 of 95% on 5 L/min of oxygen inhalation. Because pulmonary edema is a postsurgical life-threatening complication following PTPA, application of NPPV should be considered

Group Chase and Escape

We describe here a new concept of one group chasing another, called "group chase and escape", by presenting a simple model. We will show that even a simple model can demonstrate rather rich and complex behavior. In particular, there are cases in which an optimal number of chasers exists for a given number of escapees (or targets) to minimize the cost of catching all targets. We have also found an indication of self-organized spatial structures formed by both groups.Comment: 13 pages, 12 figures, accepted and to appear in New Journal of Physic

Carrier-mediated active transport of the glucuronide and sulfate of 6- hydroxy-5,7-dimethyl-2-methylamino-4-(3-pyridylmethyl) benzothiazole (E3040) into rat liver: quantitative comparison of permeability in isolated hepatocytes, perfused liver and liver i

ABSTRACT The hepatic uptake of glucuronic acid and sulfate conjugates of 6-hydroxy-5,7-dimethyl-2-methylamino-4-(3-pyridylmethyl) benzothiazole (E3040), a dual inhibitor of 5-lipoxygenase and thromboxane A 2 synthetase, was investigated in rats. The biliary excretion clearance values for the glucuronide and the sulfate, obtained after i.v. administration of E3040, were similar and corresponded to approximately 30% of the hepatic blood flow rate. The influx clearance values of E3040 conjugates in the presence of 3% bovine serum albumin, measured by a multiple indicator dilution method in the perfused liver, were 1.20 ml/min/g liver for the glucuronide and 0.74 ml/min/g liver for the sulfate, which were twice and equal to the normal hepatic plasma flow rate, respectively, which suggests the presence of an efficient transport system(s). The uptake of E3040 conjugates into the isolated hepatocytes is mediated by Na ϩ -independent active transport system(s), which is inhibited by dibromosulfophthalein and bile acids. The uptake for the sulfate had high-affinity and high-capacity transport activity (K m ϭ 25 M; V max ϭ 7.8 nmol/min/10 6 cells) compared with that for the glucuronide (K m ϭ 59 M; V max ϭ 2.2 nmol/min/10 6 cells). The uptakes of E3040 conjugates (glucuronide, sulfate) exhibited a mutual competitive inhibition. It is suggested that both conjugates share a multispecific organic anion transporter located on the sinusoidal membrane. Conjugative metabolism, such as glucuronidation and sulfation, is an important pathway for the inactivation or detoxification of xenobiotics. On the other hand, conjugative metabolites of certain drugs with pharmacologically active (such as the 6-glucuronide of morphine; In previous studies, we reported the disposition of glucuronide and sulfate of E3040, a novel dual inhibitor of 5-lipoxygenase and thromboxane A 2 synthetase, after administration Received for publication May 24, 1996. ABBREVIATIONS: E3040, 6-hydroxy-5,7-dimethyl-2-methylamino-4-(3-pyridylmethyl) benzothiazole; [ C]E3040, [2- 14 C]6-hydroxy-5,7-dimethyl-2-methylamino-4-(3-pyridylmethyl) benzothiazole dihydrochloride; SD rats, Sprague-Dawley rats; DBSP, dibromosulfophthalein; HEPES, N-2-hydroxyethylpiperazine-NЈ-2-ethanesulfonic acid; MID method, multiple indicator dilution method; HPLC, high-performance liquid chromatography; BSA, bovine serum albumin; TLC, thin-layer chromatography; AUC ϱ , the area under the plasma concentration-time profiles from zero to infinity; CL bile , the biliary excretion clearance; CL renal , the urinary excretion clearance; CL u,renal , the unbound urinary excretion clearance; X bile , the amount excreted into the bile; X urine , the amount excreted into the urine; CL tot , the total body clearance; PS inf , the influx clearance; PS u,inf , the unbound influx clearance; K inf , the influx rate constant; K eff , the efflux rate constant; K seq , the sequestration rate constant; K m , Michaelis constant; V max , maximal uptake rate; P dif , the nonspecific uptake clearance; LUR, the first-pass liver uptake ratio; UWL, the unstirred water layer; PCMBS, p-chloromercuriphenylsulfonic acid; DIDS, 4,4Ј-diisothiocyanatostilbene-2,2Ј-disulfonic acid; FCCP, carbonyl cyanide-p-(trifluoromethoxy)-phenylhydrazone; C/M, cell-to-medium concentration