Infraeyebrow Blepharoplasty for Blepharochalasis of the Upper Eyelid: Its Indication and Priority

Eyelid bags and blepharochalasis are the result of relaxation of lid structures like the skin, the orbicularis oculi, and mainly the orbital septum. Therefore, this aged appearance cannot be improved sufficiently with only a skin and orbicularis oculi resection. To improve this appearance, we use a very effective method of tucking of the orbital septum with infraeyebrow excision of the skin and the orbicularis oculi. Between January 2005 and April 2011, 103 patients (206 lids) were treated. There were 89 female and 14 male patients whose ages ranged from 43 to 75 years (mean = 65.2 years). After infraeyebrow excision, blepharoplasty with tucking of the orbital septum, the concealed lid crease becomes apparent and a good rejuvenation effect is obtained in all patients

Open Reduction of Subcondylar Fractures Using a New Retractor

Many operative approaches have been described for the open reduction of subcondylar fractures and rigid fixation. However, fracture portions are deep and embedded among facial nerves so that visual surgery in this region is extremely limited. Once the operative field is exposed, the displacement of the condylar head is often dislocated by the anteromedial pull of the lateral pterygoid muscle and the fracture end of the condylar process is pulled up to the mandibular fossa by contraction of the masseter muscle. We made a new retractor to achieve a better field of view. It is possible to pull down the condylar process by opening the tips of the retractor using the specially made wrench system without special effort and keep the condylar process in the same position during reduction. In using this retractor, the fracture stumps were clearly exposed and more easily reposited

Dissel-exhaust particulates and their health Effects

東京理科大学場所：東京大学弥生講堂，共催：文部科学省２１世紀COE「環日本海域の環境計測と長期・短期変動予測」，大気環境学

Preventive effects of elaszym on malondialdehyde-induced arterial lesions in chickens

Thirty-nine hens, 3 weeks of age, were divided into 6 groups with different treatment as follows ; group A with corn oil injection, group B with corn oil injection and cholesterol feeding, group C with injection of a malondialdehyde solution, group D with injection of malondialdehyde solution and administration of elaszym, group E with injection of malondialdehyde solution and cholesterol feeding and group F with injection of malondialdehyde solution, cholesterol feeding and administration of elaszym. Corn oil and 50% malondialdehyde in corn oil were subcutaneously injected at respective doses of 0.5 and 1ml per kg body weight 12 times for 4 weeks. A diet containing 1% cholesterol without supplementary fat was fed adlibitum. Elaszym was orally administered daily at a dose of 1,500 EU per Kg body weight. A slight increase of plasma cholesterol was seen in group B. A small number of degenerate cells were seen in groups A and B. The plasma malondialdehyde levels were markedly increased in groups C and E. The result of malondialdehyde injection was a significant increase in the number of degenerate cells without stainable lipid in the abdominal aorta from group C. The feeding of a cholesterol-containing diet in combination with molon-dialdehyde injection produced numerous degenerate cells with or without stainable lipid in the abdominal aorta from group E. The administration of elaszym decreased the tissue level of malondialdehyde and the frequency of degenerate cells with or without stainable lipid in the abdominal aortas from groups D and F

Transcriptomic profile of host response in Japanese encephalitis virus infection

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Japanese encephalitis (JE) is one of the leading causes of acute encephalopathy with the highest mortality rate of 30-50%. The purpose of this study was to understand complex biological processes of host response during the progression of the disease. Virus was subcutaneously administered in mice and brain was used for whole genome expression profiling by cDNA microarray.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>The comparison between viral replication efficiency and disease progression confirms the active role of host response in immunopathology and disease severity. The histopathological analysis confirms the severe damage in the brain in a time dependent manner. Interestingly, the transcription profile reveals significant and differential expression of various pattern recognition receptors, chemotactic genes and the activation of inflammasome. The increased leukocyte infiltration and aggravated CNS inflammation may be the cause of disease severity.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>This is the first report that provides a detailed picture of the host transcriptional response in a natural route of exposure and opens up new avenues for potential therapeutic and prophylactic strategies against Japanese encephalitis virus.</p

Cognitive Responses Control in Normal Ageing : Evidence from a Go/NoGo Task of Event-related Potentials

The Go and NoGo conditions of the Continuous Performance Test (CPT) of event-related brain potentials (ERPs) represent the execution and inhibition of a participating motor control. The present study examined this cognitive response control in 20 healthy normal ageings when the subjects perform a visual CPT paradigm. A conventional 2-tones auditory paradigm was also used to elicit P3. The Global Field Power (GFP) was employed for an ERP component analysis. The new modified Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) was used to evaluate frontal lobe function, and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) was used to exclude subjects with clinical intellective decline. P3 amplitude elicited by the NoGo condition significantly increased and the scalp location of its centroids was more anteriory distributed than in the Go condition. There was no difference in P3 latency to be found between Go and NoGo conditions. These results suggest that NoGo P3 may be a potential neurophysiological marker of cognitive response control. It is suitable to evaluate the capability of execution or inhibition in a prepared motor response