Head imaging and craniometry: A historical note on a base line error

This is the author's PDF version of an article published in Radiography today© 1995. Figure 1 and figure 2 are not available.This journal article discusses the work of Lysholm, Reid, and von Ihering in standarding patient positioning during radiological examination of the skull

The use of radiography in osteological measurement

This is the author's PDF version of an book chapter published in Current and Recent Research in Osteoarchaeology 2 ©1999. The paper was originally delivered at the sixth meeting of the Osteoarchaeological Research Group at the Institute of Archaeology, University of Durham on 7 June 1997.Radiographs provide a means of obtaining permanent images of objects. These images may be readily and repeatedly copied, disseminated or used in a variety of ways without the need further to disturb the original material. Although measurements are frequently taken from such images for metrical analysis, it must be remembered that these images are only representations of the original object. To obtain accurate data, one must be aware of the sources of error inherent in the image-forming process so that radiographs can be used in the appropriate way. This paper outlines the factors involved in the production of radiographic images and applies this to the generation of accurate metrical data

Some research possibilities in diagnostic radiography

This is tha author's PDF version of an article published in Radiography© 1998. The definitive version is available at www.elsevierhealth.comAlthough scientific method is usually viewed as starting with hypotheses which must then be exposed to experimental test, there are situations where this rigid scenario is inappropriate. Fortunately, the alternatives provide avenues for valuable investigative work in radiographic research. Research questions may be addressed by collecting data from existing sources in a way that not only provides fundamental information about human biology, but may improve the efficacy of radiographic practice while avoiding ethical problems about the use of patients. Among those involved in osteology, it is radiographers who see and store the most bone images. Subsequently, they have access to more osteological information than anyone else. All that remains is for this information to be extracted and put into a more accessible form. Since they are closely involved with the patients from whom their radiographs stem, there are research questions which radiographers are uniquely situated to raise.Supported by a University of Liverpool research development gran

Some notes on crucifixion

This article discusses the injuries caused by crucifixion, based on an adult male skeleton found in ossuary I:4 in north-east Jerusalem in 1968

The osteological use of diagnostic radiographs: Further material for osteoarchaeologists

This article discusses the use of radiography in osteoarchaeology

Further notes on a statistical method for use when investigating differences in sexual dimorphism: A discussion paper

This is the author's PDF version of an book chapter published in Current and recent research in osteoarchaeology 2 ©1999. The paper was originally delivered at the sixth meeting of the Osteoarchaeological Research Group at the Institute of Archaeology, University of Durham on 7 June 1997.A statistical method for use when investigating sexual dimorphism is described which is a development of that proposed by Lewis (1995). This development is new and remains to be fully tested. It is presented here by way of seeking constructive criticism

Mechanism related to the lateral rectus muscle capable of retracting the outer canthus of the eye

This is the author's PDF version of an article published in British journal of ophthamology© 1994. The definitive version is available at bjo.bmj.comThis article discusses a case report of a fibromembranous slip arising from the belly of the left lateral rectus muscle which was discovered in a male subject

Some summary data from the N.W. Wales hand osteological database

This is the author's PDF version of an book chapter published in Current and recent research in osteoarchaeology 2 ©1999. The paper was originally delivered at the sixth meeting of the Osteoarchaeological Research Group at the Institute of Archaeology, University of Durham on 7 June 1997.Probably the richest store of osteological information lies in the radiographic images stored in X-ray departments. These have been greatly under-used. As an example of the sort of data available, some summary statistics from the N.W. Wales Hand Osteological Database are given. This data may be compared with historic or extant populations. Further data is available to colleagues on request

Regolith-atmosphere exchange of water in Mars' recent past

We investigate the exchange of water vapour between the regolith and atmosphere of Mars, and how it varies with different orbital parameters, atmospheric dust contents and surface water ice reservoirs. This is achieved through the coupling of a global circulation model (GCM) and a regolith diffusion model. GCM simulations are performed for hundreds of Mars years, with additional one-dimensional simulations performed for 50 kyr. At obliquities ε = 15° and 30°, the thermal inertia and albedo of the regolith have more control on the subsurface water distribution than changes to the eccentricity or solar longitude of perihelion. At ε = 45°, atmospheric water vapour abundances become much larger, allowing stable subsurface ice to form in the tropics and mid-latitudes. The circulation of the atmosphere is important in producing the subsurface water distribution, with increased water content in various locations due to vapour transport by topographically-steered flows and stationary waves. As these circulation patterns are due to topographic features, it is likely the same regions will also experience locally large amounts of subsurface water at different epochs. The dustiness of the atmosphere plays an important role in the distribution of subsurface water, with a dusty atmosphere resulting in a wetter water cycle and increased stability of subsurface ice deposits