Aetiology and Management of Epistaxis - A Prospective Clinical Study

Objective : Epistaxis is a common clinical problem and is an uncomfortable experience that can cause great apprehension and anxiety in patients. Most nose bleed are benign, spontaneous and self-limiting. Epistaxis can range from minor bleed to profuse bleed that can be life threatening and warrant urgent medical attention. By this means it becomes necessary to study aetiology, age and sex incidence, seasonal variation, site and management of epistaxis. Methods : This prospective study was carried out in Department of Otorhinolaryngology, School of Medical Sciences and Research, Greater Noida from January 2013 to June 2014. The study subjects included 100 patients who presented with epistaxis during the period under study. Results : The mean age of patients were 30.44±19.08 (SD) years and male to female ratio was 3:1. Epistaxis was more common during hot dry months and dry cold winter months. Trauma to the nose caused epistaxis in 35% of case. Neoplasms of nose, paranasal sinuses and nasopharynx were observed to be responsible for epistaxis in 13% of cases. Acute and chronic inflammatory conditions of nose were responsible for epistaxis in 13% of cases. High blood pressure was found in 10% of cases. In 7% of the cases, epistaxis was idiopathic. Anterior bleed was present in 69% of cases while posterior nasal bleed was seen in 34% of cases, in 12% cases site is undetermined. Conclusion : 79% cases treated successfully with conservative approach while 21% cases required surgical intervention. In this study conservative treatment was found effective in most cases

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Not AvailableA retrospective investigation of pig tissue samples from different classical swine fever virus (CSFV) outbreaks was undertaken employing RT-PCR for possible coinfection with other swine viruses. Four samples from three different outbreaks were found to be coinfected with Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV). Phylogenetic analysis was done based on complete E gene sequenced from all four coinfected samples. This revealed a new introduction of a divergent subgroup of JEV genotype I in India. This is the first report of detection of coinfection of JEV and CSFV in pigs and the first incidence of JEV genotype I in pigs in IndiaNot Availabl

Not Available

Not AvailableA retrospective investigation of pig tissue samples from different classical swine fever virus (CSFV) outbreaks was undertaken employing RT-PCR for possible coinfection with other swine viruses. Four samples from three different outbreaks were found to be coinfected with Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV). Phylogenetic analysis was done based on complete E gene sequenced from all four coinfected samples. This revealed a new introduction of a divergent subgroup of JEV genotype I in India. This is the first report of detection of coinfection of JEV and CSFV in pigs and the first incidence of JEV genotype I in pigs in India.Not Availabl