Attitude towards and use of ecstasy in medical university interns? based on HBM

Using a self-reported questionnaire, 130 Yazd Medical University students were surveyed about their knowledge towards ecstasy and their use of ecstasy based on Health Belief Model. The age range was 18-31 years. Approximately, 23% of students had seen an ecstasy tablet, 6 (4.6%) had used ecstasy (2 female and 4 male), 4 of them lived in a dormitory and 2 were tenants. The levels of knowledge, perceived barrier and perceived benefit of students who had used ecstasy were lower than those who hadn?t used ecstasy. There was a significant difference between the knowledge, perceived barrier and perceived benefit of samples and use of ecstasy (p inf. 0.008, p inf. 0.003 and p inf. 0.13, respectively). Approximately, 74% of the students were eager to know more about ecstasy and its effects. Finally, the students were asked to select one or more item from a list of six which they considered the best way for providing young people with accurate information, and the responses (as percentages) for each source were as follows: discussion with parents: 1.5%; television programs: 64.6%; radio programs: 1.5%; talk at university: 12.3%; friends: 12.3%; newspapers/magazine articles: 7.7%. The data revealed that the knowledge of participants about ecstasy was low (mean = 27.69 ± 3.53 out of 48).The mean grade score of knowledge of males was more than females. A survey in Kerman (Iran) showed that the knowledge of general practitioners about ecstasy was lower than 50% and the knowledge of males was more than females

Comparing the Mental Health of Athlete and Non-athlete Female Students of Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences

Abstract Introduction: Within recent 20 years, psychological and psychotherapeutic issues have absorbed great attention in regard with the physical activity. Since students’ mental health is regarded significant, this study aimed to compare mental health of athlete and non-athlete female students in Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences. Methods: This descriptive analytical study consisted of 200 female students of Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences who were classified into two groups of athletes (case group) and non-athlete (control group) students. Mental health of the selected students was compared utilizing the general health questionnaire including 28 questions (GHQ 28) along with some questions probing for the subjects’ demographic information. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS software via univariate t-test, and non-parametric Chi Square test. Results: The study results demonstrated that there was a significant difference in regard with the general health of athlete and non athlete female students (p> 0.05). Among subscales of general health, the highest mean score belonged to social dysfunctions within non-athletes and depression subscale within athletes. Moreover, depression was reported to have the lowest mean score in the both groups. The general health of non-athlete female students was higher than cut point of 23. Conclusion: The study findings demonstrated a better situation of general health within athlete female students compared to non-athlete female students. However, it is worth mentioning that a tendency of higher risks for depression was observed in both groups and general health was reported to be at risk in non-athletes

Evaluating the Correlation Between Burnout Syndrome Dimensions and Mental Health of Cashiers in State Banks of Golestan

Introduction: Burnout is one of the most important factors in reducing productivity in organizations involving physical and mental signs especially in the human service professions. We carried out this research to examine the relationship between burnout and mental health of cashiers of the state banks in Golestan Province . Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 156 cashiers in state banks of Golestan. We used three instruments in this study: 1) demographic questionnaire 2) General Health Questionnaire-28 (GHQ-28), and 3) Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI). The collected data were analyzed using statistical operations of Pearson correlation coefficient, T Student, univariate ANOVA, and non-parametric Chi Square test. Results: On the whole, using the MBI subscale, we found low levels of emotional exhaustion and depersonalization and high levels of reduced sense of personal accomplishment in frequency . The wo variables of burnout and poor mental health were related significantly(p<0.001). Conclusions: Our results suggest that there is a strong correlation between poor mental health and burnout to show that care should be taken to ameliorate the stressful conditions that cashiers fac

Knowledge, Attitude, and Performance of Secondary School Female Students toward Skin Cancer and Sun Protection Behaviors in Yazd

Introduction: Skin cancer is regarded as the most common cancer in most countries, whose most important risk factor is exposure to sunlight. Since prevention programs demand to be held in this regard in childhood and adolescence, this study aimed to determine the Knowledge, attitude, and performance of secondary school female students towards skin cancer and sun protection behaviors in Yazd. Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive survey was conducted on 513 secondary school female students, who were selected using a stratified sampling method. The data collection tool was a questionnaire that its reliability was confirmed in Mazloomy's study via Cronbach alpha (0.81). Moreover, the study data were analyzed by descriptive statistics as well as analytic statistics using SPSS software (ver. 11.5). Results: Mean age of participants was 15/88&plusmn;1/04 years. Mean and standard deviation scores of knowledge, attitude, performance were reported 12.19 &plusmn; 5.44 (total core= 37), 18.98 &plusmn; 2.26 (total core= 24) and 7.47 &plusmn; 2/51 (total core= 16) respectively. Using sunscreen (71.5%) was introduced as the most prevalent sun protection behavior. A significant correlation was observed between knowledge and attitude (r= 0.350, p=0.000), as well as performance(r= 0.264, p=0.000) and age (r= 0.134, p=0.010). Conclusion: As the study findings revealed, lack of knowledge as well as undesirable sun protection behaviors except for using sunscreen supported the need to conduct school-based educational intervention

Effectiveness of “Health Promotion Evaluation” workshop using Kirkpatrick Model

Introduction: Training evaluation is an integral part of the education systems which helps managers making better decisions about curriculums. This study aims to investigate effectiveness of a workshop on evaluating health promotion programs which was held for health staffs Of Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences. Method: In this quasi experimental study a workshop on “Evaluating Health Promotion Programs” was evaluated based on Kirkpatrick's model. Data were collected through a self administered researcher designed questionnaire. Data were analyzed by appropriate statistical methods using SPSS V.19.Results: Mean satisfaction of teaching method and workshop conditions were 38.97±7.89 and 45.67±5.62 respectively. Increasing knowledge had positive correlation with participants' satisfaction of teaching method (r=0.684, P=0.007). Participants' evaluation score about attending in the workshop (18.47±2.67) were positively correlated to workshop Environmental and Managerial conditions (r=0.545, P=0.019). 89.5 % of participants reported that they are willing to evaluate their health promotion programs in the future.Discussion: For such workshops, teachers' selection teaching methods and workshop conditions should be considered. When using Kirkpatrick model, not only the descriptive results should be reported, but also it is important to report other analytical findings in order to achieve better results

Assessment of Academic Motivation and Its Relationship with Health-Risk Behaviors in Male Students of Yazd University

Introduction: University is a position of formal training and learning and students in order to successful in this position should have effective learning. Motivation is key to effective learning. Additional to academic motivation can have the role of prevention in high-risk health behaviors. We examined students motivation in Yazd and communication with academic motivation in high-risk health behavior study. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study and the sample size was 720. Analysis of the data, collection tool and standard questionnaire construction was achieved. Results: In this study, 32.4 percent of students enjoyed modest motivation condition. 23.3 percent were smokers and 5.6 percent seemed to have used illicit drugs, 40.6 percent of the students exercised regularly. The findings of this research proved that there is a significant correlation between smoking status, alcohol consumption, physical involvement, high risk sexual behavior, watching movies, non-moral condition of the safety belt and academic motivation (P<0.05) There was a significant correlation between the amount of study hours and academic motivation (P<0.05). Conclusion: In order to promote academic motivation in students, both students and teachers should become more acquainted with workshop models and also, students leisure time activities should be analyzed and they should be attracted towards scientific and community organizations

Effectiveness of Skin Cancer Prevention Educational Program Among Teachers in Yazd City

Abstract Introduction: Cancers considered in Iran as the third leading cause of deaths and skin cancer is the most common that its incidence higher in Yazd province than the country. Due to the important role of teachers and schools as a place for educating students and their families this study was performed with aims to determine the effectiveness of skin cancer prevention educational program among teachers in Yazd city. Methods: This research was as a before and after study among 80 teachers of Yazd city who were selected randomly. A Valid and reliable questionnaire was used in four sections include, demographic information, knowledge, attitude and practice who was completed by self-report in two stages, before and after education. Results: Participant&rsquo;s age ranged was 23-51 years with a mean age of 36.87&plusmn;6.22. 77.3 percent female, 22.7 male. Mean score of knowledge, attitude and practice after educational intervention increased (P<0.001). After intervention by increased rates of participants' attitudes also practice increased (r=0.0407**, p=0.001) and men had higher attitude compared to women (p=0.04). Conclusion: Educational intervention was significantly effective on knowledge, attitude and healthy practice teachers in Yazd city about skin cancer

The Relationship between Predisposing Factors and Self-care Behaviors among Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis

Background &amp;amp; Aim: Self-care activity is a key factor in managing Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) in order to reduce disability caused by the disease. Predisposing factors including knowledge, attitude, and self-efficacy are introduced as determinants of self-care behaviors in the forth phase of PRECEDE model, i.e., ecological and educational assessment. This study aimed to assess the relationship between the predisposing factors and self-care behaviors in patients with RA in Yazd, Iran. Methods &amp;amp; Materials: In this cross-sectional study, a convenience sampling was used to recruit 181 outpatients with RA referred to a rheumatology clinic in Yazd, Iran. Data were collected by conducting interviews with the participants using a survey questionnaire included knowledge, attitude, and self-efficacy, as predisposing factors; and self-care behaviors items. Reliability and validity of the instruments were examined and approved. The statistical tests included bivariate correlations, Mann-Whitney U test, and linear regression. Results: Knowledge, attitude, and self-efficacy scores were 71.7%, 66.9%, and 47.5%, respectively. The total predisposing factors score was 62.3%. There was a significant positive correlation between the self-care behaviors with attitude and self-efficacy. However, there was no significant correlation between the patients&apos; knowledge and self-care behaviors. Totally, the measures explained 39.3% of total self-care behaviors variance within which the self-efficacy was the strongest predictor (&amp;beta;=0.41). Conclusion: Regarding the high power of predisposing factors, especially self-efficacy, in predicting self-care behaviors; and the low scores of self-efficacy, health promotion planners should pay more attention to predisposing factors of self-care behaviors especially the self-efficacy in designing health promotion programs. &amp;nbsp; Key words: predisposing factors, rheumatoid arthritis, self-car