Characterization and Photocatalytic Activity of Enhanced Copper-Silica-Loaded Titania Prepared via HydrothermalMethod

TiO2 nanopowder, loaded with SiO2 and Cu-SiO2, was prepared under both acidic and basic environments via the hydrothermal method. The morphology and structure of TiO2 were studied by XRD, TEM, and FT-IR. The photocatalytic activity of samples was studied by monitoring the degradation of methyl orange, using a UV-visible spectrophotometer. The effect of Ti/Si ratio, pH, and Cu2+ addition on the formation of TiO2 and its photocatalytic activity was investigated in detail. The results show that a large surface area and a high surface acidity were important factors to achieve good TiO2 performance. The presence of Ti-O-Si bonding enhanced surface acidity, which improved its ability to adsorb more hydroxyl radicals and increased its surface area. The addition of 0.1mol% concentration of Cu2+ and 25mol% SiO2 in TiO2 induced the formation of new states close to the conduction band, which narrowed the band gap energy and enhanced the photodegradation efficiency

Photoelectrochemical Performance of Smooth TiO 2

The formation of self-organized titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanotube arrays without bundling or clustering is essential for their high efficiency in photoelectrochemical (PEC) application. The present paper reports on the use of different temperatures to control the specific architecture of nanotube arrays and effective cleaning techniques to ensure the formation of clean TiO2 nanotube surface. The wall thickness of nanotube arrays could be controlled from 12.5 nm to 37.5 nm through different anodization temperature ranging from 10°C to 80°C. Furthermore, ultrasonic cleaning combined with acetone showed the high-ordered TiO2 nanotube arrays without morphological disorder, bundling, and microcrack problems. Based on the results obtained, a higher PEC response of 1 mA/cm2 and a photoconversion efficiency of 1.3% could be achieved using a wall thickness of 12.5 nm and defect-free TiO2 nanotube arrays for low charge transfer resistance

A Novel Solar Driven Photocatalyst: Well-Aligned Anodic WO3 Nanotubes

Well-aligned anodic tungsten trioxide (WO3) nanotubes were successfully synthesized by anodization of W foil at 40V in a bath with electrolyte composed of 1M of sodium sulphate (Na2SO4) and 0.5 wt% ammonium fluoride (NH4F). The effect of electrochemical anodization times on the formation mechanism of anodic WO3 nanotubular structure was investigated. It was found that minimumof 15 min is required for completing transformation fromWfoil toWO3 nanotubular structurewith an average diameter of 50nmand length of 500 nm.Thephotocatalytic ability of the sampleswas evaluated by degradation of methyl blue (MB) dye.Theresults indicate that the surface morphology of anodicWO3 affected the photocatalyticMBdegradation significantly under solar illumination

Formation of Nanotubular TiOa Bioactive Oxide Layer on Titanium and Cell Response Studies by

This work focus on the formation of titanium oxide {Ti02) nanotubes on theTi-6AI-4V alloy by anodization method in organic ethylene giycoi electrolyte (EG). The dimension of nancAubes could betuned by changing the electrochemical parameters such as NH4F content, voltage applied; and anodization time. The average nanoporous or nonotube diameter and length were found to increase with increasing ambunt of fluoride, anodization voltage and anodization time. Minimum of 0.5 g NH4F is required for growth of nanotubes.:TT02 nanotubes with average diameter of 110 nm and 3.1 pm lengths were obtained in EG containing 0.7 g NH4F. Upon annealing from temperature 400°C to 600°C in argon atmosphere shows crystallization of the nanotubes to anatase phase exists at 400°C while rutile dominantly exists at eOO^C. Anodization in the organic electrolyte resulted in homogeneous structure unlike the one reported in aqueous acidified fluoride solution which resulted in inhomogeneous stnjcture due to the severe attack of the p-phase. For the case of behavior of cell interaction using human foreskin fibrobfast cells line (HS27) studies shown that amorphous Ti02 nanotubes structure has better cellular interaction as compare to anatase and rutile crystal structur

Titanium Dioxide Nanotube Arrays for Biomedical Implant Materials and Nanomedicine Applications

Nanotechnology has become a research hotspot to explore functional nanodevices and design materials compatible with nanoscale topography. Recently, titanium dioxide nanotube arrays (TNA) have garnered considerable interest as biomedical implant materials and nanomedicine applications (such as nanotherapeutics, nanodiagnostics and nanobiosensors). In bio-implants studies, the properties of TNA nanostructures could modulate diverse cellular processes, such as cell adhesion, migration, proliferation, and differentiation. Furthermore, this unique structure of TNA provides larger surface area and energy to regulate positive cellular interactions toward the mechanosensitivity activities. As for an advanced medical application, the TNA—biomolecular interactions knowledge are critical for further characterization of nanomaterial particularly in nanotherapeutic manipulation. Knowledge of these aspects will create opportunities for better understanding which may help researchers to develop better nanomaterial products to be used in medicine and health-line services

Ca(OH)2 nano-pods: investigation on the effect of solvent ratio on morphology and CO2 adsorption capacity

Ca(OH)2 nano-pods were synthesized through a precipitation method. Solvents such as ethanol/deionized water (DIW) and dimethylformamide (DMF)/deionized water (DIW) were used at different volume ratios to synthesize the samples. Various characterization techniques such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), filed emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) and BET surface area analysis were employed to investigate the role of solvent on the crystallinity, morphology and surface area of Ca(OH)2. The solvent mixtures with a high volume of organic solvent (ethanol or DMF) acted as good capping agents to suppress the growth of Ca(OH)2 in the (1010) direction and induce anisotropic growth along the (0001) direction. A uniform pod like morphology was observed for the Ca(OH)2 sorbent synthesized using ethanol/DIW with a volume ratio of 78 ml/02 ml. Besides, the sorbents synthesized using ethanol/DIW showed good CO2 adsorption capacity and high surface area when compared to that of DMF/DIW

Factor Affecting Geometry of TiO2 Nanotube Arrays (TNAs) in Aqueous and Organic Electrolyte

TiO2 nanotube arrays (TNA) have attracted scientific interest due to the combination of functional material properties with controllable nanostructure. Superior properties of TNA, including vectorial pathway of e− transport, minimized e− recombination, and high specific surface area render them as the most promising candidate for environment remediation, energy conversion and biocompatibility applications. The superior properties and efficacy of the TNA in various applications influenced by structural characteristics such as pore size, length and wall thickness. Therefore in this chapter the effect of various electrochemical parameters such as applied voltage, anodization time, electrolyte composition on the formation of controlled dimension of TNA in aqueous and organic electrolytes are reviewed