2,920 research outputs found
Annual Modulation of Cosmic Relic Neutrinos
The cosmic neutrino background (CvB), produced about one second after the Big
Bang, permeates the Universe today. New technological advancements make
neutrino capture on beta-decaying nuclei (NCB) a clear path forward towards the
detection of the CvB. We show that gravitational focusing by the Sun causes the
expected neutrino capture rate to modulate annually. The amplitude and phase of
the modulation depend on the phase-space distribution of the local neutrino
background, which is perturbed by structure formation. These results also apply
to searches for sterile neutrinos at NCB experiments. Gravitational focusing is
the only source of modulation for neutrino capture experiments, in contrast to
dark-matter direct-detection searches where the Earth's time-dependent velocity
relative to the Sun also plays a role.Comment: 6 pages, 2 figure
Margaret Spitz, MD, Oral History Interview, November 01, 2016
Major Topics Covered: Conceptualizing âintegrative epidemiologyâ Women at MD Anderson Training and education for a new generation of epidemiologistshttps://openworks.mdanderson.org/mchv_interviewsessions/1189/thumbnail.jp
Margaret Spitz, MD, Oral History Interview, October 13, 2016
Major Topics Covered: Personal background, education, emigration from South Africa History of the Division of Cancer Prevention History of the Department of Epidemiology History of the field of Epidemiology Epidemiology research: predictive models, lung cancerhttps://openworks.mdanderson.org/mchv_interviewsessions/1188/thumbnail.jp
Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy (SBRT) for Liver Metastasis: Early Experience with the Cyberknife Robotic Radio-Surgery System
Background: The liver is a common site for malignant metastases. Surgical metastatic resection, ablative therapies, and external beam radiation therapy (EBRT) all have advantages and limitations. Preliminary reports reveal SBRT treats hepatic metastases with limited toxicities. We reviewed our institutionâs SBRT experience for the treatment of liver metastases to assess toxicity and outcomes.Methods: Hepatic metastases treated with SBRT were retrospectively reviewed from 2008-2010. Computed tomography (CT) identified tumor volume prior to SBRT, local recurrence and out-of-field progression after SBRT. Study endpoints were local recurrence, toxicity, and overall survival.Results: Thirty-three patients had 37 liver metastases treated with a median SBRT dose of 30Gy. Median follow-up was 8.1 months. Five lesions (13.5%) locally recurred after a median of 10.6 months. Seventeen patients had out-of-field progression (15 liver, 6 systemic) after a median of 5.1 months. Overall 23.5-month survival was 45.5%. Five patients reported nausea and seven reported pain after SBRT. There were no grade 4-5 toxicities or cases of liver failure.Conclusion: SBRT is safe and well tolerated in patients with hepatic metastases. SBRT offers a local therapy with limited toxicities to patients with lesions not amenable to traditional ablative, surgical, or regional therapies
A phenomenological approach to the simulation of metabolism and proliferation dynamics of large tumour cell populations
A major goal of modern computational biology is to simulate the collective
behaviour of large cell populations starting from the intricate web of
molecular interactions occurring at the microscopic level. In this paper we
describe a simplified model of cell metabolism, growth and proliferation,
suitable for inclusion in a multicell simulator, now under development
(Chignola R and Milotti E 2004 Physica A 338 261-6). Nutrients regulate the
proliferation dynamics of tumor cells which adapt their behaviour to respond to
changes in the biochemical composition of the environment. This modeling of
nutrient metabolism and cell cycle at a mesoscopic scale level leads to a
continuous flow of information between the two disparate spatiotemporal scales
of molecular and cellular dynamics that can be simulated with modern computers
and tested experimentally.Comment: 58 pages, 7 figures, 3 tables, pdf onl
Standardisation des piégeages en ligne pour quelques espÚces de rongeurs
Une mĂ©thode standardisĂ©e de piĂ©geage en ligne a Ă©tĂ© expĂ© rimentĂ©e pour les rongeurs suivants : Eliomys quercinus, Pitymys multiplex, Clethrionomys glareolus, Microtus arvalis, Apodemus sylvaticus et Taterillus pygargus. Toutes ces expĂ©riences confir ment lâidĂ©e gĂ©nĂ©rale quâil existe une relation de proportionnalitĂ© entre la densitĂ© de population et le nombre de captures en un temps donnĂ© sur une longueur donnĂ©e de ligne. Mais cette relation dĂ©pend Ă©troitement des caractĂšres de lâactivitĂ© des Rongeurs. Il est montrĂ© que le coefficient de ligne est une fonction puissance nĂ©gative de la moyenne des distances entre recaptures successives de la catĂ©gorie considĂ©rĂ©e. Des coefficients de ligne dâusage pra tique sont indiquĂ©s.A standard line trapping technique has been tested with the following Rodent species : Eliomys quercinus, Pitymys multiplex, Clethrionomys glareolus, Microtus arvalis, Apodemus sylvaticus and Taterillus pygargus. A proportional relation occurs between population density and number of catches during a given time- period, along a given length of trap-line. However this rela tionship depends also on the activity pattern and daily movements of the species studied. The « Line coefficient » is a negative power function of the average distance between successive catches (« average-D »)
Analysis of a Large Sample of Neutrino-Induced Muons with the ArgoNeuT Detector
ArgoNeuT, or Argon Neutrino Test, is a 170 liter liquid argon time projection
chamber designed to collect neutrino interactions from the NuMI beam at Fermi
National Accelerator Laboratory. ArgoNeuT operated in the NuMI low-energy beam
line directly upstream of the MINOS Near Detector from September 2009 to
February 2010, during which thousands of neutrino and antineutrino events were
collected. The MINOS Near Detector was used to measure muons downstream of
ArgoNeuT. Though ArgoNeuT is primarily an R&D project, the data collected
provide a unique opportunity to measure neutrino cross sections in the 0.1-10
GeV energy range. Fully reconstructing the muon from these interactions is
imperative for these measurements. This paper focuses on the complete kinematic
reconstruction of neutrino-induced through-going muons tracks. Analysis of this
high statistics sample of minimum ionizing tracks demonstrates the reliability
of the geometric and calorimetric reconstruction in the ArgoNeuT detector
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