Emerging Economies Crises: Lessons from the 1990’

The paper examines the financial crises of the 1990s. They represent a new kind of crises, as they do not seem to conform to the so-called first generation and second generation literature on currency crises. The outburst of the Asian crises brought a new challenge for economic policy. The attention has been placed on the self-fulfilling character of the speculative attacks and microeconomic weaknesses. The first part of the paper reviews the recent theoretical literature on financial crises, the second part addresses some lessons for emerging economies. The authors consider the policies to manage financial crises and reduce the risks associated with them.financial crises, emerging markets, contagion

Sub Prime Crisis: Old and New Lessons

Using generation approach we examine the genesis and mechanisms in major financial crisis and focus on the recent sub – prime crisis. We believe that in the era of increased financial globalization a reliable approach has to consider besides fundamental factors multiple equilibriums and self – fulfilling character of financial crises. In recent global crisis again financial globalization implemented in periods of high international capital mobility have reputedly produced international banking crises. Progressing integration and increasing sophistication of the product and financial markets brought new forms and more global character of the crises events in the recent sub – prime crisis.financial crisis, sub-prime crisis, financial globalization, international capital, financial market

Evaluasi Kondisi Fisik Tim Futsal SMK Nasional Malang

Atlet futsal harus memiliki intelegensi yang tinggi, karena berguna untuk pemain di dalam lapangan untuk memutuskan dengan cepat keputusan yang akan di ambil di lapangan. Kecepatan berfikir dan bertindak adalah salah satu prinsip dasar dasar futsal. Olahraga futsal paling utama yang harus dimiliki atlet futsal adalah daya tahan, karena ukuran lapangan futsal yang relative kecil kemungkinan pemain futsal akan berlari sepanjang permainan. Dari hasil penelitian latar belakang saya sebagai peneliti ingin mengevaluasi kondisi fisik terutama daya tahan tim futsal SMK Nasional Malang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui daya tahan pemain futsal SMK Nasional Malang. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian Kuantitatif Deskriptif. Pada tes daya tahan, dari 8 atlet yang diketahui bahwa kategori “cukup’ sebanyak 3 atlet, kategori “kurang” sebanyak 4 atlet, dan kategori “kurang sekali” sebanyak 1 atlet

SPES, the LNL exotic beam ISOL facility

A new facility is being constructed at the Legnaro National Laboratory of INFN, devoted to the production of exotic beams (RIBs), mostly neutronrich, through the production of fission fragments (1013 fiss/s) by an intense proton beam (200 μA) on a direct UCx target. However, a larger beam typology will be available, developing and using several other targets. Therefore, in the forthcoming years forefront research in nuclear structure and dynamics will be carried on, studying the Terra Incognita in the chart of nuclides, far from the β-stability valley. Characterized by high intensities, high quality and maximum available energies (up to 11 MeV/n for A�130) of beams, through a coordinated effort dedicated to the developments and upgrading of both the accelerator complex and of up-to-date experimental set-ups, SPES will be operated as a modern and high performing facility

Clinical, social and relational determinants of paediatric ambulatory drug prescriptions due to respiratory tract infections in Italy.

OBJECTIVES: Collecting information on patterns of drug prescriptions and on factors influencing prescribing decisions is fundamental for supporting the rational use of drugs. This study was aimed at investigating patterns of drug prescription in paediatric outpatients and at evaluating determinants of prescriptions for respiratory tract infections (RTIs). METHODS: We conducted a national cross-sectional survey involving primary care paediatricians and parents. Diagnoses and prescriptions made at each consultation were described. Poisson regression models were used to analyse determinants of drug and antibiotic prescriptions for visits due to RTIs. RESULTS: A total of 4,302 physician and parent questionnaires were analysed. These corresponded to 2,151 visits, 792 of which were due to RTIs. Drugs were prescribed in 83.4% of RTI visits, while antibiotics were prescribed in 40.4%. According to paediatricians' perceptions, 84.2% of parents of children with a RTI expected to receive a drug prescription. Paediatricians' perception of parental expectations was the strongest determinant for prescription of drugs and specifically of antibiotics [adjusted relative risk (RR): 1.7 and 3.6, respectively; P < 0.001]. However, in 77.1% of RTI visits, paediatricians judged themselves as not being influenced at all by parents' expectations in their decision to prescribe. CONCLUSIONS: This study underscores that relational factors, in particular perceived parental expectations, are one of the leading factors of drug prescriptions in paediatric ambulatory care settings, reinforcing the opinion that communication between physicians and parents can affect prescription patterns

Sweden: Political Developments and Data in 2019

OA via Wiley Jisc agreementPeer reviewedPublisher PD

Ablation of C-type natriuretic peptide/cGMP signaling in fibroblasts exacerbates adverse cardiac remodeling in mice

Excessive activation of cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) in response to injury provokes cardiac fibrosis, stiffness, and failure. The local mediators counter-regulating this response remain unclear. Exogenous C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) exerted antifibrotic effects in preclinical models. To unravel the role of the endogenous hormone, we generated mice with fibroblast-restricted deletion (KO) of guanylyl cyclase-B (GC-B), the cGMP-synthesizing CNP receptor.CNP activated GC-B/cGMP signaling in human and murine CFs, preventing proliferative and promigratory effects of AngiotensinII (AngII) and TGF-β. Fibroblast-specific GC-B-KO mice showed enhanced fibrosis in response to AngII infusions. Moreover, after two weeks of mild pressure-overload induced by transverse aortic constriction (TAC), such KO mice had augmented cardiac fibrosis and hypertrophy, together with systolic and diastolic contractile dysfunction. This was associated with increased expression of the profibrotic genes collagen I, III and periostin. Notably, such responses to AngII and TAC were greater in female as compared to male KO mice. Enhanced AngII-induced CNP expression in female hearts and augmented GC-B expression and activity in female CFs may contribute to this sex disparity.The results show that paracrine CNP signaling in CFs has antifibrotic and antihypertrophic effects. The CNP/GC-B/cGMP pathway might be a target for therapies combating pathological cardiac remodeling

The SPES project: An ISOL facility for exotic beams

n/

Usefulness and limitations of transthoracic echocardiography in heart transplantation recipients

Transthoracic echocardiography is a primary non-invasive modality for investigation of heart transplant recipients. It is a versatile tool which provides comprehensive information about cardiac structure and function. Echocardiographic examinations can be easily performed at the bedside and serially repeated without any patient's discomfort. This review highlights the usefulness of Doppler echocardiography in the assessment of left ventricular and right ventricular systolic and diastolic function, of left ventricular mass, valvular heart disease, pulmonary arterial hypertension and pericardial effusion in heart transplant recipients. The main experiences performed by either standard Doppler echocardiography and new high-tech ultrasound technologies are summarised, pointing out advantages and limitations of the described techniques in diagnosing acute allograft rejection and cardiac graft vasculopathy. Despite the sustained efforts of echocardiographic technique in predicting the biopsy state, endocardial myocardial biopsies are still regarded as the gold standard for detection of acute allograft rejection. Conversely, stress echocardiography is able to identify accurately cardiac graft vasculopathy and has a recognised prognostic in this clinical setting. A normal stress-echo justifies postponement of invasive studies. Another use of transthoracic echocardiography is the monitorisation and the visualisation of the catheter during the performance of endomyocardial biopsy. Bedside stress echocardiography is even useful to select appropriately heart donors with brain death. The ultrasound monitoring is simple and effective for monitoring a safe performance of biopsy procedures