Anotação funcional de sequências com BLAST2GO.

bitstream/item/29525/1/circ-150.pd

O papel das mutações na compreensão da genética do milho.

bitstream/item/25545/1/Doc-100.pd

Ovinos Santa Inês: estado de arte e perspectivas.

[Santa Inês hair sheep: state of art and perspectives]. Abstract: The Santa Inês hair sheep breed is found in whole to areas of Brazil. Its origin has been object of vary speculations. However, the most probable could be traced starting from combinations of four genetic sources: a) Criuola is wool type of sheep, brought by Portuguese and Spanish settlers, but that eliminated the wool under tropical conditions was; b) Hair sheep breeds originating from of the African continent, which originated most of the hair sheep breeds from Brazil, Central America and Caribbean; c) Bergamácia sheep breed from Italian, which was crossed with the remaining sheep of those originating from of the African continent, and Morada Nova, followed by adaptation, selection and evolution for absence of wool; d) finally, in the end of the decade of 80, a small group of the breeders added to Santa Inês the Somalis and Suffolk breeds. The breed presents good reproductive, adaptability and growth potential. The pattern of the coat calor includes the white, the red, the black and the mailed. In field conditions the ewes reach weights of 40-60 kg and the males can reach up to 120 kg. The selection practiced in the breed has been done in direction for size and body weight, absence of wool and horns and, presence of an intense pigmentation. The females present good maternal ability and they get easily to give birth vigorous lambs. The age to the puberty and first lambing, lambing interval, fertility, the prolificacy and the survival rate from weaning found in the literature, vary from: 274 to 376 days, 442 to 551 days, 227 to 307 days, 83,6 to 93%, 1,1 to 1,4 and, from 69 to 87%, respectively. The Santa Inês lamb can reach 23-32 kg at weaning and gain 166 -336 kg. At slaughter, Santa Inês Lamb, had dressing percentage of approximately 48,0 %. The animals generally demonstrate capacity to develop a strong answer immunology against the nematodes gastrontestinais, even before of the weaning. That skin presents great market value, due to the high quality pattern, resultant of its largest elasticity and excellent flexibility, and great resistance, associated to a fine texture, being rendered for use in several manufactured products. In spite of the few studies involving the face Santa Inês the breed has been demonstrating to be an excellent alternative to increase the production of meat in the main areas of the country, considering its reproductive capacity, resistance sponges it gastrontestinais, skin quality and adaptability , besides good growth rate

Euclidean thermal spinor Green's function in the spacetime of a straight cosmic string

Within the framework of the quantum field theory at finite temperature on a conical space, we determine the Euclidean thermal spinor Green's function for a massless spinor field. We then calculate the thermal average of the energy-momentum tensor of a thermal bath of massless fermions. In the high-temperature limit, we find that the straight cosmic string does not perturb the thermal bathComment: 11 pages, latex, no figure

Comparação de homogeneidade e heteroneneidade de variância residual em modelos de regressão aleatória na descrição do crescimento de ovinos Santa Inês.

Resumo: Utilizaram-se 17.767 registros de pesos de cordeiros da raça Santa Inês com o objetivo de comparar modelos de regressão aleatória com diferentes estruturas para modelar a variância residual. As regressões fixas e aleatórias foram ajustadas por meio de polinômios de Legendre de ordens quatro e três, respectivamente. A variância residual foi ajustada por meio de classes e funções de variâncias. O modelo considerando homogeneidade de variâncias residuais mostrou-se inadequado. De acordo com os critérios utilizados, a variância residual contendo sete classes heterogêneas proporcionou melhor ajuste, embora um mais parcimonioso, com cinco classes, poderia ser utilizado. O ajuste de funções de variâncias com qualquer ordem foi melhor que o obtido por meio de classes, sendo que o polinômio ordinário de ordem seis proporcionou melhor ajuste dentre as estruturas testadas. A modelagem do resíduo interferiu nas estimativas dos parâmetros genéticos. Além da alteração da classificação dos reprodutores, constataramse, também, alterações consideráveis na magnitude dos valores genéticos preditos em função do ajuste da variância residual empregado. Portanto, faz-se necessário a utilização de heterogeneidade de variâncias residuais para modelar as variâncias associadas à curva de crescimento dos ovinos Santa Inês em estudo. Comparison of homogeneity and heterogeneity of residual variance in random regression models in the description of the growth of Santa Inês sheep]. Abstract: Data set of 17,767 records of 4,210 Santa Inês lambs were used aiming to compare random regression models with different structures to fit the residual variance. Fixed and random regressions were fitted by Legendre polynomials of orders four and three, respectively. The residual variance was fitted by classes and functions of variances. The model considering homogeneity of residual variances was inadequate. According to the criteria used, the residual variance containing seven heterogeneous classes provided the best fit, although a more parsimonious one, with five classes, could be used. The fit of variances functions with any order was better than that obtained by classes and the ordinary polynomial of order six provided best fit among the tested structures. The modelling of the residue interfered the estimative of the genetic parameters. Beyond the Change in the classification of the reproducers it was verified alterations in the magnitude of the genetic values predicted as function of the fit of the variance residual studied. Therefore, it is necessary the use of residual heterogeneity variances to model the variances associated to the growth curve of Santa Inês sheep in study

Modeling of average growth curve in Santa Ines sheep using random regression models.

Abstract: Polynomial functions of age of different orders were evaluated in the modeling of the average growth trajectory in Santa Ines sheep in random regression models. Initially, the analyses were performed not considering the animal effect. Subsequently, the random regression analyses were performed including the random effects of the animal and its mother (genetic and permanent environment). The linear fit was lower, and the other orders were similar until near 100 days of age. The cubic function provided the closest fit of the observed averages, mainly at the end of the curve. Orders superior to this one tended to present incoherent behavior with the observed weights. The estimated direct heritabilities, considering the linear fit, were higher to those estimated by considering other functions. The changes in animal ranking based on predicted breeding values using linear fit and superior orders were small; however, the difference in magnitude of the predicted breeding values was higher, reaching values 77% higher than those obtained with the cubic function. The cubic polynomial function is efficient in describing the average growth curve. [Modelagem da curva média de crescimento de ovinos Santa Inês em modelos de regressão aleatória]. Resumo: Funções polinomiais da idade de diferentes ordens foram avaliadas na modelagem da trajetória média de crescimento de ovinos Santa Inês em modelos de regressão aleatória. As análises foram executadas inicialmente desconsiderando o efeito de animal. Posteriormente, as análises de regressão aleatória foram realizadas incluindo-se os efeitos aleatórios de animal e da mãe (genético e de ambiente permanente). O ajuste linear foi inferior, e as demais ordens foram semelhantes até próximo dos 100 dias de idade. A função cúbica proporcionou o ajuste mais próximo das médias observadas, principalmente ao final da curva. Ordens superiores a esta tenderam a apresentar comportamento incoerente com os pesos observados. As herdabilidades diretas estimadas considerando ajuste linear foram superiores às estimadas considerando as demais funções. As mudanças no ordenamento dos animais, com base nos valores genéticos preditos empregando ajuste linear e de ordens superiores, foram pequenas, porém, a diferença na magnitude dos valores genéticos preditos foi maior, chegando a valores 77% maiores que os obtidos com a função cúbica. A função polinomial cúbica é eficiente para descrever a curva média de crescimento

Modelos de regressão aleatória na avaliação genética do crescimento de ovinos da raça Santa Inês.

Utilizaram-se 17.767 registros de peso de 4.210 cordeiros da raça Santa Inês com o objetivo de comparar modelos de regressão aleatória com diferentes estruturas para modelar a variância residual em estudos genéticos da curva de crescimento. Os efeitos fixos incluídos na análise foram: grupo contemporâneo e idade da ovelha no parto. As regressões fixas e aleatórias foram ajustadas por meio de polinômios de Legendre de ordens 4 e 3, respectivamente. A variância residual foi ajustada por meio de classes heterogêneas e por funções de variância empregando polinômios ordinários e de Legendre de ordens 2 a 8. O modelo considerando homogeneidade de variâncias residuais mostrou-se inadequado. De acordo com os critérios utilizados, a variância residual contendo sete classes heterogêneas proporcionou melhor ajuste, embora um mais parcimonioso, com cinco classes, pudesse ser utilizado sem perdas na qualidade de ajuste da variância nos dados. O ajuste de funções de variância com qualquer ordem foi melhor que o obtido por meio de classes. O polinômio ordinário de ordem 6 proporcionou melhor ajuste entre as estruturas testadas. A modelagem do resíduo interferiu nas estimativas de variâncias e parâmetros genéticos. Além da alteração da classificação dos reprodutores, a magnitude dos valores genéticos preditos apresenta variações significativas, de acordo com o ajuste da variância residual empregado. [Random regression models on genetic evaluation on the growth of Santa Inês breed sheep]. Abstract: It was used 17,767 weight records of 4,210 Santa Inês breed lambs aiming to compare random regression models with different structures to model the residual variance in genetic studies of the growth curve. The fixed effects included in the analysis were contemporary group and age of the ewe at lambing. Fixed and random regressions were fitted through Legendry polynomials of orders 4 and 3, respectively. The residual variance was fitted by heterogeneous classes and by functions of variances employing ordinary polynomials and Legendry polynomials of the orders 2 to 8. The model considering homogeneity of residual variances was inadequate. Accordingly to the used criteria, the residual variance containing seven heterogeneous classes provided the best fit, although a more parsimonious one, with five classes, could be used without losses on the quality of variance fit on the data. The fit of functions of variances with any order was better than that obtained through classes. The ordinary polynomial of order 6 provided the best fit among the tested structures. The modeling of the residue interfered on the estimative of the variances and genetic parameters. In addition to changes in the classification of the reproducers, the magnitude of the predicted genetic values shows significant variations, accordingly to the fitting of the used residual variance

Non-relativistic quantum systems on topological defects space-times

We study the behavior of non-relativistic quantum particles interacting with different potentials in the space-times generated by a cosmic string and a global monopole. We find the energy spectra in the presence of these topological defects and show how they differ from their free space-time values.Comment: 17 pages, LATEX fil

Viscoelastic multiscaling in immersed networks

Rheological responses are the most relevant features to describe soft matter. So far, such constitutive relations are still not well understood in terms of small scale properties, although this knowledge would help the design of synthetic and bio-materials. Here, we investigate, computational and analytically, how mesoscopic-scale interactions influence the macroscopic behavior of viscoelastic materials. We design a coarse-grained approach where the local elastic and viscous contributions can be controlled. Applying molecular dynamics simulations, we mimic real indentation assays. When elastic forces are dominant, our model reproduces the hertzian behavior. However, when friction increases, it restores the Standard Linear Solid model. We show how the response parameters depend on the microscopic elastic and viscous contributions. Moreover, our findings also suggest that the relaxation times, obtained in relaxation and oscillatory experiments, obey a universal behavior in viscoelastic materials