10,824 research outputs found
A subtraction scheme for computing QCD jet cross sections at NNLO: regularization of real-virtual emission
We present a subtraction scheme for computing jet cross sections in
electron-positron annihilation at next-to-next-to-leading order accuracy in
perturbative QCD. In this second part we deal with the regularization of the
real-virtual contribution to the NNLO correction.Comment: 32 pages, LaTeX file, uses pstrick
A subtraction scheme for computing QCD jet cross sections at NNLO: integrating the doubly unresolved subtraction terms
We finish the definition of a subtraction scheme for computing NNLO
corrections to QCD jet cross sections. In particular, we perform the
integration of the soft-type contributions to the doubly unresolved
counterterms via the method of Mellin-Barnes representations. With these final
ingredients in place, the definition of the scheme is complete and the
computation of fully differential rates for electron-positron annihilation into
two and three jets at NNLO accuracy becomes feasible.Comment: 33 pages, references added, exposition expanded, minor typos
corrected. Version published in JHE
Idempotent I/O for safe time travel
Debuggers for logic programming languages have traditionally had a capability
most other debuggers did not: the ability to jump back to a previous state of
the program, effectively travelling back in time in the history of the
computation. This ``retry'' capability is very useful, allowing programmers to
examine in detail a part of the computation that they previously stepped over.
Unfortunately, it also creates a problem: while the debugger may be able to
restore the previous values of variables, it cannot restore the part of the
program's state that is affected by I/O operations. If the part of the
computation being jumped back over performs I/O, then the program will perform
these I/O operations twice, which will result in unwanted effects ranging from
the benign (e.g. output appearing twice) to the fatal (e.g. trying to close an
already closed file). We present a simple mechanism for ensuring that every I/O
action called for by the program is executed at most once, even if the
programmer asks the debugger to travel back in time from after the action to
before the action. The overhead of this mechanism is low enough and can be
controlled well enough to make it practical to use it to debug computations
that do significant amounts of I/O.Comment: In M. Ronsse, K. De Bosschere (eds), proceedings of the Fifth
International Workshop on Automated Debugging (AADEBUG 2003), September 2003,
Ghent. cs.SE/030902
Subtraction method of computing QCD jet cross sections at NNLO accuracy
We present a general subtraction method for computing radiative corrections
to QCD jet cross sections at next-to-next-to-leading order accuracy. The steps
needed to set up this subtraction scheme are the same as those used in
next-to-leading order computations. However, all steps need non-trivial
modifications, which we implement such that that those can be defined at any
order in perturbation theory. We give a status report of the implementation of
the method to computing jet cross sections in electron-positron annihilation at
the next-to-next-to-leading order accuracy.Comment: 6 pages, talk given at the conference "Loops and Legs in Quantum
Field Theory", Sondershausen, April 200
A subtraction scheme for computing QCD jet cross sections at NNLO: integrating the subtraction terms I
In previous articles we outlined a subtraction scheme for regularizing
doubly-real emission and real-virtual emission in next-to-next-to-leading order
(NNLO) calculations of jet cross sections in electron-positron annihilation. In
order to find the NNLO correction these subtraction terms have to be integrated
over the factorized unresolved phase space and combined with the two-loop
corrections. In this paper we perform the integration of all one-parton
unresolved subtraction terms
Antenna subtraction with hadronic initial states
The antenna subtraction method for the computation of higher order
corrections to jet observables and exclusive cross sections at collider
experiments is extended to include hadronic initial states. In addition to the
already known antenna subtraction with both radiators in the final state
(final-final antennae), we introduce antenna subtractions with one or two
radiators in the initial state (initial-final or initial-initial antennae). For
those, we derive the phase space factorization and discuss the allowed phase
space mappings at NLO and NNLO. We present integrated forms for all antenna
functions relevant to NLO calculations, and describe the construction of the
full antenna subtraction terms at NLO on two examples. The extension of the
formalism to NNLO is outlined.Comment: 33 pages, 3 figure
Price Rigidity and Strategic Uncertainty An Agent-based Approach
The phenomenon of infrequent price changes has troubled economists for decades. Intuitively one feels that for most price-setters there exists a range of inaction, i.e. a substantial measure of the states of the world, within which they do not wish to modify prevailing prices. However, basic economics tells us that when marginal costs change it is rational to change prices, too. Economists wishing to maintain rationality of price-setters resorted to fixed price adjustment costs as an explanation for price rigidity. In this paper we propose an alternative explanation, without recourse to any sort of physical adjustment cost, by putting strategic interaction into the center-stage of our analysis. Price-making is treated as a repeated oligopoly game. The traditional analysis of these games cannot pinpoint any equilibrium as a reasonable "solution" of the strategic situation. Thus there is genuine strategic uncertainty, a situation where decision-makers are uncertain of the strategies of other decision-makers. Hesitation may lead to inaction. To model this situation we follow the style of agent-based models, by modelling firms that change their pricing strategies following an evolutionary algorithm. Our results are promising. In addition to reproducing the known negative relationship between price rigidity and the level of general inflation, our model exhibits several features observed in real data. Moreover, most prices fall into the theoretical "range" without explicitly building this property into strategies.Agent-based modeling, Evolutionary algorithm, Price rigidity, Social learning, Strategic Uncertainty
Separation of soft and collinear infrared limits of QCD squared matrix elements
We present a simple way of separating the overlap between the soft and
collinear factorization formulae of QCD squared matrix elements. We check its
validity explicitly for single and double unresolved emissions of tree-level
processes. The new method makes possible the definition of helicity-dependent
subtraction terms for regularizing the real contributions in computing
radiative corrections to QCD jet cross sections. This implies application of
Monte Carlo helicity summation in computing higher order corrections.Comment: 14 pages, 1 figure, references adde
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