Freedom of Religion and Living Together

Despite the international recognition of religious freedom as a fundamental human right, recent developments in the United States and Europe reveal that the Islamic faith has been singled out qua Islam for special prohibitions. The question is whether this sectarian approach is compatible with the normative liberal approach to religious freedom that emphasizes egalitarianism and neutrality. The answer to this question is, no. Although religion within the paradigm of liberal political philosophy does not warrant special legal protection qua religion, this article contends that it is equally troublesome to single out religion qua religion for special disfavored treatment, even if the justification is facially neutral. This article uses facially neutral examples, such as: the French burqa-ban case, the Travel Ban project of President Trump, and the anti-Sharia debacle in the state of Oklahoma. This article draws on the dichotomous approach of liberal political philosophy to religion and develops a non-sectarian framework of arguments to defend religious liberty

The Constitutional Dynamics of Religious Manifestations: on Abstraction from the Religious Dimension

The justification grounds for a special right to religious freedom have been scrutinized in the public and the scholarly debates across liberal democracies. In the public debate, the legal admissibility of some religious manifestations has been challenged for reasons that suggest religious manifestations have been favored in law qua religious. In the scholarly debate, the focus has been on the “specialness” of religion and the justification grounds for singling out religion qua religion for a favored treatment in law. However, recent developments show that religion has also been singled out qua religion for a disfavored treatment. This project pays attention to both angles of the debate on law and religion. To this end, it combines the outcomes of six separate articles, each touching upon a different aspect of this debate. As such, it elaborates in the first four articles on the question whether religion qua religion deserves special legal solicitude. Subsequently, it explores in the last two articles on singling out religion qua religion for a disfavored treatment in law

Human Head Counting and Detection using Convnets

Now days, Detection of human head play an very important role in pedestrian counting. Machine learning is one platform, where human being can train a machine to act without being explicitly programmed and gives more accurate result, even when there is no enough data. Convolution neural network is one which works well for multimedia communication such as Text, Audio and Video. In this paper convnets play an important role in human head detection. In this paper it’s going to explain the less number of layers with more accuracy in the results with less time consuming

Low Complexity Blind Equalization for OFDM Systems with General Constellations

This paper proposes a low-complexity algorithm for blind equalization of data in OFDM-based wireless systems with general constellations. The proposed algorithm is able to recover data even when the channel changes on a symbol-by-symbol basis, making it suitable for fast fading channels. The proposed algorithm does not require any statistical information of the channel and thus does not suffer from latency normally associated with blind methods. We also demonstrate how to reduce the complexity of the algorithm, which becomes especially low at high SNR. Specifically, we show that in the high SNR regime, the number of operations is of the order O(LN), where L is the cyclic prefix length and N is the total number of subcarriers. Simulation results confirm the favorable performance of our algorithm

Performance Analysis Vapour Absorption Refrigeration Chiller Run by Solar Thermal Energy

Over the past few decades, energy is the backbone of technology and economic development. In addition to men, machines and money, ‘energy' is now the fourth factor of production. The objective of this paper is to design and study an environment friendly ammonia water vapour absorption refrigeration system of unit capacity using Ammonia (R717) as a refrigerant and water as a absorbent working fluids and run by exhaust water Solar Thermal Set Up. The system is designed and tested in Thermal Engineering lab of Agnos College of technology RKDF University Bhopal Madhya Pradesh for various operating conditions using hot water as heat source. In this paper, performance of the fabricated system is outlined with respect to various operating conditions related to heat source, condenser, absorber and evaporator temperatures. The solar heating unit remains idle in the summer months. Also the solar potential is at maximum in the summer other months of year