Prevalence and characteristics of prostate cancer among participants of a communitybased screening in Nigeria using serum prostate specific antigen and digital rectal examination

Introduction: Prostate cancer (CaP) is the most commonly diagnosed cancer among Nigerian men but CaP screening is not a common practice. The true burden of the disease in Nigeria is not known. The study was aimed at studying the community burden of CaP in Lagos. Methods: During a community-based prostate cancer awareness program in 13 local government areas of Lagos, men aged >40 years had serum total PSA (tPSA) test and digital rectal examination (DRE). Those with abnormal DRE or tPSA >95th percentile of the cohort or both were selected for prostate biopsy (TRPB). Results: 4172 men were screened and complete data was available for 4110 (98.5%). The mean age was 60.8 years. DRE was abnormal in 410 men and was significantly correlated with the age of the patient and tPSA (p<0.001). The tPSA ranged from 0 to 438.3ng/ml with a median, mean and 95th percentile of 1.5, 2.5 and 10.0ng/ml respectively. 341 out of the 438(78%) men selected were subjected to TRBP. Forty-three men had histological diagnosis of CaP, giving an estimated prevalence rate of at least 1.046% or 1046 per 100,000 men of age ≥40. Only 11 (26%) had organ-confined disease while 17 (40%) had locally advanced disease and 15 (35%) men had metastatic disease. The  majority of the men, 32 (74%) were reported to have Gleason's score of ≥7. Conclusion: The prevalence rate of CaP among men aged ≥40 years in Lagos is higher than previously reported in hospital-based study. Majority have advanced and high-grade diseaseKey words: Prostate, cancer, prevalence, screening, Nigeri

Subgroups of Group of homotopy spheres

Let &#952n denote the group of h-cobordism classes of homotopy n-sphere under the connected sum operation. H(p, q) is the subgroup of &#952p consisting of those homotopy p-spheres &#8721 p such that &#8721 p x Sw is diffeomorphic to Sp x Sq. Also bPp+1 is the subgroup of homotopy p-sphere which bounds parallelizable manifolds. In this paper, we will prove that H(p,q)bPp+1 is isomorphic to the Cokernel of Hopf-Whitehead homorphism J: &#928pS0(q+1) &#8594 &#928p + Q + 1 (Sq+1>) JONAMP Vol. 11 2007: pp. 47-5

Diffeomorphism groups of connected sum of three products of spheres

In this paper, we will prove that the order of the group ~&#9600(M3+(p,q) is 3 times the order of the group &#960pSO(q +1)&#8853 &#960pSO (p+1) )&#8853 &#952 p+q+1 where

Normalizer Of Subloops

In [1] Albert proved that the centre Z of a loop (G,.) is isomorphic to the centre ZM of the multiplication group M(G) of G. In this paper, we prove that the normalizer N(H) of subloop H in G is in one-to-one correspondence with the normalizer N(M(H)) of the subgroup M(H) in M(G).Keywords: Normalizer, Loop, Subgroup, Multiplication grou

A numerical study of the hemodynamics of stenosed artery

In this paper, the non-Newtonian flow of blood in large blood vessel is studied by using Eyring–Powell model. We also assumed a variable blood viscosity. The momentum equation for the flow is non-dimensionalized and the resulting non-linear dimensionless equation is then solved numerically under various flow conditions. Variations of different flow parameters are conducted and discussed.Journal of the Nigerian Association of Mathematical Physics, Volume 15 (November, 2009), pp 513 - 52

Preliminary Study on the Potentials of Tuber Starches as Soup Thickeners

French soups are usually thickened with grain flour especially flour from wheat or corn. The acceptability of soups thickened with different tuber starches was investigated. Starch was produced from sweet potato (Ipomea batatas), yam (Discorea alata) and cocoyam (Xanthosaoma sagittifolium) using standard extraction methods. The starch was used to thicken French soup and the acceptability of the soup by consumer was assessed. The result shows that soup thickened with cocoyam starch was rated highest in flavor and taste while yam starch was more preferred as soup thickener in terms of colour, consistency and texture. There is significant difference (P<0.05) in the texture of the three samples with sweet potato starch having the least rating in taste and texture. Tuber starches can be adopted as French soup thickener as a replacement for grain flour