Características físicas e fisiológicas na qualidade industrial de cultivares e linhagens de trigo e triticale

The physical, physiological and rheological characteristics of cultivars and lines of wheat CD (COODETEC) 103, 104, 105, 107, 108, 109, 110, 111 and CD 2017 and CDFAPA 2036 lines and triticale (EMBRAPA 53), for quality of flour for bread making were studied. The weight of hectliter (HW), weight of thousand grains (WTG), percentage of germination, total protein and farinography, in a completely randomized experimental design, with four repetitions, except the farinography (with two repetitions) were analyzed. The means obtained were compared by the Scott Knott test at 5%. The cultivars were different regarding the tested parameters. The PH value were compatible for commercialization, but not always the higher PH value corresponded to the greater weight of thousand grains. Only the CD 108 and 111 cultivars may be destine for French bread considering the stability parameter. About the index of tolerance for the mixture, the cultivars and lines were not different, but only the flour of 2017 line would attend the values that were established for French bread-making and fermented cookies. The CD 104, 108 and 11 cultivars and the CD 2017 and CDFAPA 2036 line obtained the ideal index also for fermented cookies. The cultivars which presented better weight of thousand grain gave the best index of tolerance for the mixture. There was no positive relation between total protein and the farinography

Lixiviação de nutrientes em solo cultivado com aplicação de água residuária de suinocultura Leaching of nutrients in cultivated soils under application of residual water of pig farming

Objetivou-se neste trabalho avaliar os impactos do percolado em lisímetros de drenagem com a aplicação de diferentes taxas de água residuária de suinocultura (ARS) durante o ciclo da cultura da soja. Conduziu-se o experimento no Núcleo Experimental de Engenharia Agrícola da UNIOESTE, em solo foi classificado como Latossolo Vermelho distroférrico. A área dispunha 24 lisímetros de drenagem, na qual se semeou a cultura da soja, cultivar CD 214. Porém, sete dias antes da semeadura, em única aplicação foram aplicadas ao solo quatro taxas de ARS (0, 100, 200 e 300 m³ ha-1) sete dias antes da semeadura, em uma única aplicação, combinadas com duas adubações na semeadura (com adição e sem adição da adubação recomendada na semeadura) e três repetições por tratamento. Foram realizadas três coletas do percolado em cada parcela experimental, a primeira aos 40 dias após a semeadura (DAS), a segunda aos 72 DAS e a terceira no final do ciclo da cultura (117 DAS). Avalioram-se pH, cálcio, magnésio, potássio, fósforo e nitrogênio total. Com base nos resultados observou-se que os valores de pH e Mg no percolado não sofreram influência pela aplicação de ARS e adubação. As concentrações de K+, P e Ca+2 no percolado foram maiores para taxas mais elevadas de ARS.<br>This work aimed to evaluate the impacts on leachate from drainage lysimeters receiving application of different rates of pig farming residual water (PRW) during soybean crop cycle. The experiment was conducted at the Agricultural Engineering Experimental field of UNIOESTE. The soil was classified as Rhodic Ferralsols. There were twenty-four drainage lysimeters where soybean cultivar CD 214 was sown. Four PRW rates (0; 100; 200 and 300 m³ ha-1) were applied to the soil seven days before sowing in a single application combined with two fertilizations (with and without recommended dose) during sowing, and three repetitions per treatment. Three leachate collections were carried out in each experimental plot. The first was conducted 40 days after sowing (DAS); the second at 72 DAS, and the third at the end of crop cycle (117 DAS). pH, calcium, magnesium, potassium, phosphorus, and total nitrogen were evaluated. Based on the results, it was possible to observe that pH and Mg values in the leachate did not suffer influence of PRW application and fertilization. K+, P and Ca+2 in the leachate were higher for higher PRW rates