7 research outputs found
A Comparison of two measures of quality of life of Nigerian clinic patients with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Background: We present data comparing the quality of life effects of
type 2 diabetes determined by the Bradley well-being questionnaire and
the WHOQOL-BREF, a generic instrument. We also present data on the
reliability and validity of these instruments. Method: The Well-being
and the WHO- bref were administered on fifty-three consecutive type 2
diabetics. The internal consistency of the quality of life scales was
assessed using Cronbach's alpha. Convergent, discriminant, and known
groups validity were determined and compared. Results: Our patients
had a mean age of 55.8±13 years. 31(58.5%) were males and all
patients had been diabetic for 7.9±7.1 years. 13(24.5%) were being
treated with oral agents, 14(26.4%) were on insulin and 26(49.1%) were
on combined therapy. The Cronbach alpha coefficients ranged from 0.31
to 0.72 on the Well-being subscales and from 0.47 to 0.78 on the
WHOQOL-BREF subscales. Both scales were modestly related to one
another. In general the quality of life measures were not influenced by
characteristics such as age, gender, marital or educational status.
Both scales were not influenced significantly by treatment type or the
severity or number of complications. Conclusion: Our study has shown
how two different measures of quality of life perform in patients with
type 2 diabetes. Even though the subscales of the Well-being and
WHOQOL-BREF were not very sensitive to external criteria of disease
impact (complications) casting a doubt on their utility as
psychological outcome measures, they demonstrated fairly reasonable
internal consistency in our patients with type 2 diabetes. Further
larger studies are thus required to clarify this given our present
limitations
Reliability and Validity of a Satisfaction Scale in a Nigerian Psychiatric Out-Patient Clinic.
Background :There are no reports from Nigeria of assessment of patients\' satisfaction with outpatient psychiatric services.
Aim:The reliability and preliminary validity of the Charleston Psychiatric Outpatient Satisfaction Scale (CPOSS) was investigated in a Nigerian population .
Method:The CPOSS was administered to 220 patients seen at the psychiatric clinics of the Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospital , Ile-Ife, Nigeria. They completed this 15 item self-rated instrument that assesses patient satisfaction with services using a 5 point response format.
Results:The internal consistency for the scale was high ( a=0.91), and item total correlations ranged between 0.33 to 0.70. Its convergent validity was supported by significant correlations of all items with the overall scale score,with a range of 0.30 to 0.68( Pearson\'s r). Mean scores for items except “ parking area” ranged from 3.0 to 3.7. Bivariate correlations for all items except item “13” ‘parking\' showed significant associations.Seventy one percent of clients rated that they would definitely recommend the service to friends or family members. Subjects were most dissatisfied with time waiting to be seen .
Conclusions:These results provide preliminary evidence for the reliability and validity of the scale in a Nigerian outpatient psychiatric clinic service
Keywords: Patients' Satisfaction Scale, Psychiatric Care, Nigeria Nigerian Journal of Psychiatry Vol. 6 (1) 2008: pp. 31-3
Personality Traits among Inmates of Aba Prison in Nigeria: Influence of the Five Factor Model on Inmate Status and type of Offences
Background: Personality traits are the basic elements in the study of personality and it influences decision making by affecting our choices about whether to engage in different behaviours. Knowledge of the different personality traits among prison inmate is useful as it will assists in the development of interventions and strategies that target people with specific trait profiles so as to maximize their effectiveness in changing behaviour.Aim: To assess the personality traits of inmates in Aba prisonMethods: Four hundred and six inmates were studied. Each inmate completed a semi-structured sociodemographic questionnaire and personality traits were assessed with the 44-item Big Five Inventory.Results: The majority (72.7%) of the inmates were within the age range of 21 - 40 years . The personality trait with the highest mean score was openness while neuroticism had the lowest mean score. A large proportion of the inmates were awaiting trial (94.6%) while only few were convicted inmates (5.4%). The most common type of offence among the inmate was armed robbery (34.0%), followed by stealing, murder and assault (29.6%, 17.0% and 15.0 respectively) while rape and kidnapping were the least common offence (0.5% and 0.2% respectively). The convicted inmates reported significant higher mean scores on extraversion and agreeableness than the awaiting trial inmates. There were significant differences in all Big Five personality domain scores in the different inmate's charges using ANOVA except in neuroticism.Conclusion: The findings of high extraversion and agreeableness traits among Nigerian convicted inmates and significant differences in personality trait of the different inmate charges open up new opportunities for further researc
Depression and its association with psychological factors among adolescents living with HIV in Southwestern Nigeria
Abstract Objective The aim was to determine the prevalence of depressive disorder and associated psychological factors among adolescents living with HIV/AIDS. Methods One hundred and five adolescents with HIV were assessed for self-esteem, internalized HIV stigma and diagnosed of depressive disorder. Chi square and t tests were used to test associations and hierarchical logistic regression used to identify independent risk factors for depression. Results The mean age of participants was 16.5 (± 1.97) years and 55.2% were males. Mean stigma scores were significantly higher in those with depressive disorder (16.53 ± 3.85) when compared with those without (13.42 ± 3.464) and this difference was statistically significant (t = 3.17, p = 0.01). The mean self-esteem scores were significantly lower in participants with depressive disorder (17.53 ± 4.69) compared to those without depressive disorder (19.71 ± 3.86), though not significant (t = 1.96, p = 0.053). Depressive disorder was further significantly associated with female sex, being in romantic relationship, decline in work output due to HIV and HIV stigma. Independent risk factors were sex and HIV stigma. Conclusion Depressive disorder is common among adolescents living with HIV infection in Nigeria. The association between HIV stigma and depression, thus suggests the need for prevention strategies targeting the impacts of HIV infection among adolescents