Armazenamento úmido E Seco De Rosas Cortadas

Rosa sp. is the leading cut flower commercialized in Brazil and in the world; and to maintain stem quality it should be stored at 1 °C, however, there are still doubts about the storage of roses, especially whether the stems should be cold stored in water before marketing. In order to assess the feasibility of wet and dry storage, rose stems, 'Avalanche' were stored for 28 days in both conditions at 1 ± 2 °C / 95% RH. Weekly stems batches were transferred to 25 °C / 70% RH and kept in vessels containing tap water for postharvest assessment. It was observed that the decrease in the quality of the roses was inversely proportional to the storage time in both treatments. Although wet storage can occur for up to 21 days, when you need to store roses for a week or two, cold storage in dry condition is advised since it is more economical and viable for the producer.22216617

Respiration Rate Of Storage Processed Carrots At Different Temperatures [taxa De Respiração De Cenouras Minimamente Processadas E Armazenadas Em Diferentes Temperaturas]

The carrot is one of the most popular vegetables from minimally processed vegetables. It is commercialized in many different ways: shreds, slices, sticks and baby carrots. The aim of this work is to determine the respiration rate of minimally processed carrots. They were in storage at temperatures of 1°C, 5°C and 11°C, and 90% RH. The respiration rate was determined using continuous humidification airflow and measuring the CO2 concentration using a gas chromatograph connected to a microcomputer. The respiration rates of the minimally processed carrots showed a higher respiration rate than for the whole products. The activation energy values calculated for the minimally processed carrots corresponded to 69.82 kJmol-1 for the whole products. The ethylene production for the carrots remained insignificant throughout the 14 days of storage.263550554Amanatidou, A., Slump, R.A., Gorris, L.G.M., Smid, E.J., High oxygen and high carbon dioxide modified atmospheres for shelf-life extension of minimally processed carrots (2000) Food Chemistry and Toxicology, 65 (1), pp. 61-66Beuadry, R.M., Cameron, A.C., Shirazi, A., Dostal-Lange, D.L., Modified-atmosphere packaging of blueberry fruit, effect of temperature on package O2 and CO2 (1992) J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci., 117 (3), pp. 436-441Brecht, J.K., Physiology of lightly processed fruits and vegetables (1995) HortScience, 30 (1), pp. 18-21Calbo, A.G., Adaptação de um fluxocentro para estudos de trocas gasosas e um método de aferição de capilares (1989) Pesquisa Agropec. Bras., 24 (6), pp. 733-739. , BrasíliaCamargo, L.S., (1972) Cenoura (Daucus carota), pp. 74-75. , Instruções Agrícolas para o Estado de São Paulo, Campinas. Instituto Agronômico de Campinas. Boletim 200Chervin, C., Boisseau, P., Quality maintenance of "ready-to-eat "shredded carrots by gamma -irradiation (1994) Journal of Food Science, 59 (2), pp. 359-361. , 401Claypool, L.L., Keeper, R.M., A colorimetric method for CO2 determination in respiration studies (1942) J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci., 40, pp. 177-186Costa-Silva, V.L., Mendonça, A.L.S., A Transição Nutricional e Suas Conseqüências Na Formulação de Ações de Prevenção de Câncer, , www.cip.saude.sp.gov.br/Revistac2, Disponível em: Acesso em: 10 out. 2001Day, B.P.F., (2001) Fresh Prepared Produce: GMP for High Oxgen MAP and Non-sulphite Dipping, (31). , Campden & Chorleywood Food Research Association Group. GuidelineExama, A., Arul, J., Lencki, R.W., Lee, L.Z., Toupin, C., Suitability of plastic films for modified atmosphere packaging of fruits and vegetables (1993) Journal of Food Science, 58 (1), pp. 365-1370Fonseca, S.C., Oliveira, F.A.R., Brecht, J.K., Modelling respiration rate of fresh vegetables for modified atmosphere packages: A review (2002) Journal of Food Engineering, 52, pp. 99-119(1998) Praticidade Impulsiona Venda de Préprocessados, 2 (2), pp. 42-47. , FRUTIFATOS. junho(2004) Novas Técnicas-cenoura, , http://globorural.globo.com/edic172/nova_tec1, São Paulo, Disponível em: Acesso em: 15 dez. 2004Huxsoll, C.C., Bolin, H.R., Processing and distribution alternatives for minimally processed fruits and vegetables (1989) Food Technology, pp. 124-128Izumi, H., Watada, A.E., Ko, N.P., Douglas, W., Controlled atmosphere storage of carrots slices, sticks and shreds (1996) Postharvest Biology and Technology, 9, pp. 165-172Kader, A.A., Respiration and gas exchange of vegetables (1987) Postharvest Physiology of Vegetables, pp. 78-88. , WEICHMANN, J. (Ed.) Marcel Dekker, Inc, New York and Basel, Cap 3Kato-Nogushi, H., Watada, A.E., Citric acid reduces the respiration of fresh-cut carrots (1997) HortScience, 32 (1), p. 136Kays, J.S., Metabolic processes in harvested products (1991) Postharvest Physiology of Perishable Plant Products, pp. 75-141. , VAN NOSTRAND REINHOLD (Ed.) N.YLafuente, Ma.T., López-Galvez, G., Cantwell, M., Yang, S.Fa., Factors influencing ethylene -induced isocoumarin formation and increased respiration in carrots (1996) J. Amer. Hort. Science, 12 (3), pp. 537-542Li, P., Barth, M.M., Impact of edible coatings on nutricional and physiological changes in lightly-processed carrots (1998) Postharvest Biology and Technology, 14, pp. 51-60Serafini, M., The effects of minimal processing operations on the nutritional components of fresh-cut produce (2001) Conference Proceedings, , SECOND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON FRESH-CUT PRODUCE. Gloucestershire, UK. Campden & Chorleywood Food Research Association Group. 13 - 14 September(2004) Embrapa Busca Otimizar Sistema de Produção de Cenoura Em Rondônia, pp. 1-3. , www.horticiencia.com.br/news/news2, SOB. Noticias. 11-11- Disponível em Acesso em: 20 dez. 2004Teles, C.S., (2001) Avaliação Física, Química e Sensorial de Couve (Brassica oleracea, L. var. acephala) Minimamente Processada, Armazenada Sob Atmosfera Modificada, 95p. , Viçosa, Dissertação (Mestre em Ciência e Tecnologia de Alimentos) - Universidade Federal de ViçosaToivonen, P.M.A., Upadhyaya, M.K., Gaye, M.M., Low temperature preconditioning to improve shelf life of fresh market carrots (1993) Acta Horticulturae, 343, pp. 339-344Watada, A.E., Ko, N.P., Minott, D.A., Factors affecting quality of fresh cut horticultural products (1996) Postharvest Biology and Technology, 9, pp. 115-125Zagory, D., Effects of post-processing handling and packaging on microbial populations (1999) Postharvest Biology and Technology, 15, pp. 313-32

Sensory Profile Of 'douradão' Peaches Cold Stored Under Controlled Atmosphere [perfil Sensorial De Pêssegos 'douradão' Armazenados Sob Refrigeração E Atmosfera Controlada]

The sensory quality of 'Douradão' peaches cold stored in three different conditions of controlled atmosphere (CA1, CA2, CA3 and Control) was studied. After 14, 21 and 28 days of cold storage, samples were withdrawn from CA and kept for 4 days in ambient air for ripening. The sensory profile of the peaches and the descriptive terminology were developed by methodology based on the Quantitative Descriptive Analysis (QDA). The panelists consensually defined the sensory descriptors, their respective reference materials and the descriptive evaluation ballot. Fourteen panelists were selected based on their discrimination capacity and reproducibility. Seven descriptors were generated showing similarities and differences between samples. The data were analyzed by ANOVA, Tukey test and Principal Component Analysis (PCA). Results showed significant differences in the sensory profiles of the peaches. The PCA showed that CA2 and CA3 treatments were more characterized by the fresh peach flavor, fresh peach appearance, juiciness and flesh firmness, and were effective in keeping the good quality of the 'Douradão' peaches during the 28 days of cold storage. The Control and CA1 treatments were characterized by the mealiness and were ineffective for quality maintenance of the fruits during cold storage.311238246(1995) Official methods of chemists analysis, p. 1141. , ASSOCIATION OF OFFICIAL ANALYTICAL CHEMISTS-AOAC, 17th ed. Arlington: AOACChitarra, M.I.F., Chitarra, A.B., (2005) Pós-colheita de frutos e hortaliças: Fisiologia e manuseio, p. 785. , Lavras: UFLACrisosto, C.H., Peach quality and postharvest technology (2006) Acta Horticulturae, 713 (3), pp. 479-487Damasio, M.H., Costell, E., Análisis sensorial descriptivo: Generación de descriptores y seleción de catadores (1991) Revista Agroquímica de Technologia de Alimentos, 31 (2), pp. 165-178(2005) Banco de dados, , http:www.sidra.ibge.gov.br/bda/acervo/acervo2.asp, INSTITUTO BRASILEIRO DE GEOGRAFIA E ESTATÍSTICA-IBGE, Disponível em:, Acesso em: 12 nov. 2008Kader, A.A., A summary of CA requirements and recommendation for fruits other than apples and pears (2003) Acta Horticulturae, 600 (2), pp. 737-740Lill, R.E., O'Donaghue, E.M., King, G.A., Postharvest physiology of peaches and nectarines (1989) Horticultural Review, 11, pp. 413-452Lurie, S., Crisosto, C.H., Chilling injury in peach and nectarine-Review (2005) Postharvest Biology and Technology, 37 (1), pp. 195-208McGuirre, R.C., Reporting of objective color measurements (1992) HortScience, 27 (12), pp. 1254-1255Moskowitz, H.R., (1983) Product testing and sensory evaluation of foods: Marketing and R&D approaches, p. 605. , Westport: Food and Nutrition PressNilsson, T., Postharvest handling and storage of vegetables (2000) Fruit and vegetable quality an integrated view, pp. 99-121. , In: SHEWFELT, R. L.BRUCKNER, B. (Eds.), LLC: CRC PressOlsen, K.L., Schomer, H.A., Influence of controlled atmosphere on the quality and condition of stored nectarines (1975) HortScience, 10 (6), pp. 582-5583Rombaldi, C.V., Armazenamento de pêssegos (Prunus persica L.), cultivar Chiripá, em atmosfera controlada (2002) Ciência Rural, 32 (1), pp. 43-47(2003) System for windows, , STATISTICAL ANALYSIS SYSTEM-SAS, Version 6. Cary: SAS Institute, IncStone, H., Sidel, J.L., Descriptive analysis (1985) Sensory evaluation practices, p. 311. , In: STONE, H.SIDEL, J. L. (Eds.), London: Academic PressWatada, A.E., Anderson, R.E., Aulenbach, B.B., Sensory, compositional and volatile attributes of controlled atmosphere stored peaches (1979) Journal of American Society of Horticultural Science, 104 (5), pp. 626-62

Effects Of Controlled Atmosphere Cold Storage On Woolliness And Pectic Enzyme Activity In 'douradão' Peaches

The high incidence of woolliness is one of the main causes that reduce 'Douradão' peaches quality, during long term cold storage. Experiments were performed to study the effects of controlled atmosphere (CA) cold storage (1±1°C and 90±5% UR) on the postharvest preservation, the occurrence of woolliness and the activities of pectic enzymes. The following CA conditions were tested: CA1-3,0% CO 2 + 1,5% O 2; CA2-5,0% CO 2 + 1,5%O2; CA3-10,0% CO2 + 1,5% O 2; CONTROL - 0,03% CO 2 + 21,0% O 2. The experiment design was entirely randomized with 3 replications of 10 fruits. After 14, 21 and 28 days of cold storage the samples of peaches were withdrawn from CA and kept in air at 25±1°C for 2, 4 and 6 days, being evaluated for weight loss, pulp firmness, woolliness index, soluble solids content (SS), titratable acidity (TA), exo-polygalacturonase (exo-PG), endopolygalacturonase (endo-PG) and pectin methylesterase (PME). The results showed that CA reduced weight loss and had a little effect on SS and TA. The CA modified the activities of the three enzymes. The induction of exo-PG and endo-PG activity and the repression of PME activity reduced the occurrence of woolliness. The fruits from CA2 treatment maintained good quality for 4 weeks; PME activity was reduced and the activities of exo-PG and endo-PG, which were low after cold storage, effectively increased at the 4 th day post-storage ripening. The control fruits maintained good quality less than 14 days.872211220(2000) American Society of Agricultural Engineers - ASAE, , Agricultural Engineers Yearbook of Standards, St. Joseph, MIAlmeida, G.V.B., (2006) Características Qualitativas de Pêssegos Produzidos em Paranapanema-SP, Safra 2005, e Sua Valoração No Mercado Atacadista de São Paulo, 66p. , Dissertação Mestrado - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Jaboticabal(1995) Official Methods of Analysis, 17, 1141p. , Association of Official Analytical Chemists - AOAC, ed., ArlingtonBen-Arie, R., Lavee, S., Pectic changes occuring in Elberta peaches suffering from woolly breakdown (1971) Phytochemistry, 10, pp. 531-538Gomes, F.P., (1990) Curso de Estatística Experimental, 468p. , 13 ed., São Paulo:NobelJu, Z., Duan, Y., Ju, Z., Leatheriness and mealiness of peaches in relation to fruit maturity and storage temperature (2000) Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology, 75 (1), pp. 86-91Kader, A.A., Biochemical and physiological basis for the effect of controlled and modified atmospheres on fruits and vegetables (1986) Food Technology, 40, pp. 99-105Lurie, S., Crisosto, C.H., Chilling injury in peach and nectarine - Review (2005) Postharvest Biology and Technology, 37, pp. 195-208Nelson, N.A., Photometric adaptation of Somogyi method for determination of glucose (1944) Journal Biological Chemistry, Baltimore, 153 (2), pp. 136-175(1989) User's Procedures Guide, , Statistical Analysis System-SAS, Version 6, Cary: SAS Institute, Inc. 2vStone, H., Sidel, J.L., Olivers, S., Woolsey, A., Singleton, C., Sensory evaluation by quantitative descriptive analysis (1998) Food Technology, 52 (2), pp. 48-52Zhou, H., Lurie, S., Lers, A., Khatchitski, A., Sonego, L., Ben-Arie, R., Delayed storage and controlled atmosphere storage of nectarines: Two strategies to prevent woolliness (2000) Postharvest Biology and Technology, 18, pp. 133-14

Maintaining Quality Of 'douradão' Peaches For 28 Days With Ldpe Modified Atmosphere Packages

Douradão' peach is a perishable product and when cold stored is subject to chilling injury. The objective of the experiment was to evaluate the effect of modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) and cold storage on quality and storage life of these peaches. Fruits were packed in polypropylene (PP) trays and placed inside low density polyethylene (LDPE) bags (30, 50, 60, 75 μm thickness) with active modified atmosphere (10 kPa CO 2 + 1.5kPa O 2, balance N 2). The control was made with peaches held in nonwrapped PP trays. Fruits were kept at 1 ± 1 °C and 90 ± 5% relative humidity (RH) for 28 days and CO 2 and O 2 within packages was monitored every two days. After the storage period, samples were withdrawn from MAP and kept in air at 25 ± 1 °C and 90 ± 5% RH for ripening. On the day of removal from the cold storage and after the 4 days, peaches were evaluated for weight loss, decay incidence, flesh firmness, woolliness incidence, soluble solids content (SSC), titratable acidity (TA) and juice content. The results showed that MAP had influence on reducing weight loss and prevented postharvest decay. MAP of 1-2 kPa O 2 and 3-6 kPa CO 2 at 1°C (from 50 and 60 μm LDPE films) were effective for keeping good quality of 'Douradão' peaches during 28 days of storage, the ripe fruits showed reduced incidence of woolliness, adequate juiciness and flesh firmness. Packages of 30 and 75 μm LDPE films were ineffective for reducing woolliness during cold storage. MAP fruit showed lower SSC and no relevant effect on TA. Control fruit did not present marketable conditions after 14 days of cold storage.Valorial l'Aliment de Demain,CNRS,PONAN - Pole Alimentation et Nutrition,INRA,Pays de la Loire,Nantes Metropole Communaute Urbaine(2000) S368-4: Compression Test of Food Materials of Convex Shape, , ASAE Standards, 16th ed. St. Joseph, Michigan, USA: American Society of Agricultural EngineeringBassetto, E., (2006) Quantificação de Danos Ao Longo da Cadeia Produtiva de Pêssegos e Avaliação de Métodos Alternativos de Controle de Doenças Pós-colheita, , Unpublished PhD Thesis. Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brasil: University of São Paulo - ESALQ/USP, Department of AgronomyFernández-Trujillo, J.P., Cano, A., Artés, F., Physiological changes in peaches related to chilling injury and ripening (1998) Postharvest Biology and Technology, 13 (1), pp. 109-119Kader, A.A., A summary of CA requirements and recommendations for fruit other than pome fruit (1997) Proceedings of the 7th International Controlled Atmosphere Research Conference, 3, pp. 1-34. , Kader, A. A. Eds. Davis, California, USALurie, S., Crisosto, C.H., Chilling injury in peach and nectarine (2005) Postharvest Biology and Technology, 37 (1), pp. 195-208Santana, L.R.R., Benedetti, B.C., Sigrist, J.M.M., Sarantopóulos, C.I.G.L., Modified atmosphere packaging extending the storage life of 'douradão' peach (2010) Revista Brasileira de Fruticultura, 32 (4), pp. 1009-1017(2003) SAS Statistical Analysis System for Windows, , SAS. Version 6. Cary, North Carolina, USA: SAS Institute IncZoffoli, J.P., Rodriguez, J., Aldunce, J.R.P., Crisosto, C.H., Development of high concentration carbon dioxide modified atmosphere packaging systems to maintain peach quality (1997) Proceedings of the 7th International Controlled Atmosphere Research Conference, 3, pp. 37-45. , Kader, A. A. (eds.) Davis, California, US