Globalisation and Shortages of Skilled Labour in Pacific Island Countries: A Case Study of Australia

During the past two decades, the Australian economy has experienced fundamental changes influenced by the increasing propagation of globalisation. Globalising forces have reduced barriers to labour mobility across countries and economies. Concurrently there has been an increase in the importance of the ‘knowledge economy’ and thus the demand for highly skilled workers. The combination of these factors has increased the competition for highly skilled workers across national economies and in particular among Pacific Island countries (such as New Zealand and Fiji) in which the domestic demand for highly skilled labour outstrips the available domestic supply. The primary objective of this article is to analyse the impact of globalisation on the Australian labour market with a focus on shortages of skilled labour in Australia. The paper also examines the implications of shortages of skilled labour for other Pacific Island countries and suggests policy initiatives in this area.

Realization of Quaranic Teleology: An Initiative to Comprehend its Suitability Comparing it with the Modern Philosophies

Why is teleology expected to understand and explain the evolution of human beings and for the ratiocination regarding their destiny s finalization Is it a rational attempt that the pensive minds tried to visualize the sequences of human history through a teleological lens or is it merely an urge of the unsatisfied minds to justify and rationalize their ontology oriented investigation where teleology is an intellectual vessel of self-satisfaction This essay want to answer these questions glancing over both sociophilosophical teleology and faith oriented or religious teleology In understanding the religious or faith oriented teleology the essay will explore the Quaranic teleological arguments comparing with modern socio-philosophy oriented teleology basically Marxism Marx was the only European Social scientist who tried to put forward a holistic sociological approach which has a grand-narrative and a specific teleology and which is capable to project a total trajectory of its deterministic philosophy The essay will investigate the Neoliberal ideology the most dominant ideology of the West today and try to see whether it promotes any teleology or not The essay will also go into the philosophy of Plato who formed the base of the paradigmatic sequences of the Western thinking in the ancient Greece whose impact is still visible and glaring in the Western world The main purpose of this essay is to compare the teleological stand of the holy Koran and that of the all the relevant modern social philosophies from the critical analytical points and fathom out their basic differences Hence the essay will underscore the Shiite cosmology to observe the courses of Islamic teleology The relevant Gnostic philosophical stands will be evaluated in this article especially the Shiite Gnoses As the writer has its own judgment to understand the Islamic teleology the opinions will be established to bring the whole article before that kaleidoscope summarizing all th

Realization of Quaranic Teleology: An Initiative to Comprehend its Suitability Comparing it with the Modern Philosophies

Why is teleology expected to understand and explain the evolution of human beings and for the ratiocination regarding their destiny s finalization Is it a rational attempt that the pensive minds tried to visualize the sequences of human history through a teleological lens or is it merely an urge of the unsatisfied minds to justify and rationalize their ontology oriented investigation where teleology is an intellectual vessel of self-satisfaction This essay want to answer these questions glancing over both sociophilosophical teleology and faith oriented or religious teleology In understanding the religious or faith oriented teleology the essay will explore the Quaranic teleological arguments comparing with modern socio-philosophy oriented teleology basically Marxism Marx was the only European Social scientist who tried to put forward a holistic sociological approach which has a grand-narrative and a specific teleology and which is capable to project a total trajectory of its deterministic philosophy The essay will investigate the Neoliberal ideology the most dominant ideology of the West today and try to see whether it promotes any teleology or not The essay will also go into the philosophy of Plato who formed the base of the paradigmatic sequences of the Western thinking in the ancient Greece whose impact is still visible and glaring in the Western world The main purpose of this essay is to compare the teleological stand of the holy Koran and that of the all the relevant modern social philosophies from the critical analytical points and fathom out their basic differences Hence the essay will underscore the Shiite cosmology to observe the courses of Islamic teleology The relevant Gnostic philosophical stands will be evaluated in this article especially the Shiite Gnoses As the writer has its own judgment to understand the Islamic teleology the opinions will be established to bring the whole article before that kaleidoscope summarizing all th

Internet-based Framework to Support Integration of Customer in the Design of Customizable Products

A necessary element to design and produce customer-centric products is the integration of customers in the design process. Challenges faced during customer integration into the design process include generating models of the customized product, performing analysis of these to determine feasibility, and optimizing to increase the performance. These tasks have to be performed relatively quickly, if not in real time, to provide feedback to the customer. The focus of this article is to present a framework that utilizes CAD, finite element analysis (FEA), and optimization to integrate the customer into the design process via the Internet for delivering user customized products. The design analysis, evaluation, and optimization need to be automated and enhanced to enable operation over the Internet. A product family CAD/FEA template has been developed to perform analysis, along with a general formulation to optimize the customized product. The CAD/FEA template generalizes the geometry building and analysis of each configuration developed using a product platform approach. The proposed setup is demonstrated through the use of a bicycle frame family. In this study, the focus is on the application of optimization and FEA to facilitate the design of customer-centric products.Yeshttps://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/manuscript-submission-guideline

Zero-Shot Generalizable End-to-End Task-Oriented Dialog System using Context Summarization and Domain Schema

Task-oriented dialog systems empower users to accomplish their goals by facilitating intuitive and expressive natural language interactions. State-of-the-art approaches in task-oriented dialog systems formulate the problem as a conditional sequence generation task and fine-tune pre-trained causal language models in the supervised setting. This requires labeled training data for each new domain or task, and acquiring such data is prohibitively laborious and expensive, thus making it a bottleneck for scaling systems to a wide range of domains. To overcome this challenge, we introduce a novel Zero-Shot generalizable end-to-end Task-oriented Dialog system, ZS-ToD, that leverages domain schemas to allow for robust generalization to unseen domains and exploits effective summarization of the dialog history. We employ GPT-2 as a backbone model and introduce a two-step training process where the goal of the first step is to learn the general structure of the dialog data and the second step optimizes the response generation as well as intermediate outputs, such as dialog state and system actions. As opposed to state-of-the-art systems that are trained to fulfill certain intents in the given domains and memorize task-specific conversational patterns, ZS-ToD learns generic task-completion skills by comprehending domain semantics via domain schemas and generalizing to unseen domains seamlessly. We conduct an extensive experimental evaluation on SGD and SGD-X datasets that span up to 20 unique domains and ZS-ToD outperforms state-of-the-art systems on key metrics, with an improvement of +17% on joint goal accuracy and +5 on inform. Additionally, we present a detailed ablation study to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed components and training mechanis

Terpenes from Zingiber montanum and Their Screening against Multi-Drug Resistant and Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus

Bioassay directed isolation of secondary metabolites from the rhizomes of Zingiber montanum (Fam. ‎Zingiberaceae) led to the isolation of mono-, sesqui-, and di-terpenes. The compounds were characterized as (E)-8(17),12-labdadiene-15,16-dial (1), zerumbol (2), zerumbone (3), buddledone A (4), furanodienone (5), germacrone (6), borneol (7), and camphor (8) by analysing one-dimensional (1D) (¹H and ¹³C) and two-dimensional (2D) (COSY, HSQC, HMBC, and NOESY) NMR data and mass spectra. Among these terpenes, compounds 1 and 2 revealed potential antibacterial activity (minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) values 32–128 µg/mL; 0.145–0.291 mM)) against a series of clinical isolates of multi-drug resistant (MDR) and Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)

Personalizing Task-oriented Dialog Systems via Zero-shot Generalizable Reward Function

Task-oriented dialog systems enable users to accomplish tasks using natural language. State-of-the-art systems respond to users in the same way regardless of their personalities, although personalizing dialogues can lead to higher levels of adoption and better user experiences. Building personalized dialog systems is an important, yet challenging endeavor and only a handful of works took on the challenge. Most existing works rely on supervised learning approaches and require laborious and expensive labeled training data for each user profile. Additionally, collecting and labeling data for each user profile is virtually impossible. In this work, we propose a novel framework, P-ToD, to personalize task-oriented dialog systems capable of adapting to a wide range of user profiles in an unsupervised fashion using a zero-shot generalizable reward function. P-ToD uses a pre-trained GPT-2 as a backbone model and works in three phases. Phase one performs task-specific training. Phase two kicks off unsupervised personalization by leveraging the proximal policy optimization algorithm that performs policy gradients guided by the zero-shot generalizable reward function. Our novel reward function can quantify the quality of the generated responses even for unseen profiles. The optional final phase fine-tunes the personalized model using a few labeled training examples. We conduct extensive experimental analysis using the personalized bAbI dialogue benchmark for five tasks and up to 180 diverse user profiles. The experimental results demonstrate that P-ToD, even when it had access to zero labeled examples, outperforms state-of-the-art supervised personalization models and achieves competitive performance on BLEU and ROUGE metrics when compared to a strong fully-supervised GPT-2 baselineComment: 11 pages, 4 tables, 31st ACM International Conference on Information and Knowledge Management (CIKM'22

Development of Quality Standards of Aegle marmelos L. Leaves

Aegle marmelos L (Rutaceae) is a moderately size deciduous tree, growing wild throughout the deciduous forest of India. It is commonly used in day to day life. In present investigation an attempt has been made for the pharmacognostical standardization and evaluation of Aegle marmelos leaves. The pharmacognostical evaluation comprises of detailed macroscopy, powdered microscopy, fluorescence analysis, quantitative microscopy and physical constants such as ash and extractive values. The leaves extracts were subjected to preliminary phytochemical screening. The data obtained in present study will serve as valuable tool for identification, authentication and detection of adulterants, standardization and quality control of the drug. The developed technique will also be useful for the standardization of formulations containing A. marmelos.ÂÂ

Towards the Formalization of Fractional Calculus in Higher-Order Logic

Fractional calculus is a generalization of classical theories of integration and differentiation to arbitrary order (i.e., real or complex numbers). In the last two decades, this new mathematical modeling approach has been widely used to analyze a wide class of physical systems in various fields of science and engineering. In this paper, we describe an ongoing project which aims at formalizing the basic theories of fractional calculus in the HOL Light theorem prover. Mainly, we present the motivation and application of such formalization efforts, a roadmap to achieve our goals, current status of the project and future milestones.Comment: 9 page

The CER in Action: A Closer Look at Australia-NZ Trade Flows Since 1983

This paper employs statistical and analytical methods to examine the manner in which trade between Australia and New Zealand has developed since the Closer Economic Relations (CER) Agreement of 1983. The strength and weaknesses of their economic structures are highlighted through the examination of the evolution of mutual trade and trade with the world, as well as the changes thereto over time. Empirical analysis finds that the nature of economic reforms in both countries have affected their mutual and global trade relationships and policy directives have been drawn from the findings.Trade intensity, intra-industry trade, revealed comparative advantage, free trade area