403 research outputs found
Posterior pole retinal thickness and retinal nerve fiber layer thickness in children with refractive error by SD-OCT
AIM: To measure the posterior pole retinal thickness and retinal nerve fiber layer(RNFL)thickness using the Heidelberg spectral domain optical coherence(SD-OCT), and explore the correlation between age, refraction diopter and retinal thickness. METHODS: A total of 192 eyes of 96 healthy children with the age from 5 to 15 years old were examined by routine ophthalmic examinations. The SD-OCT of Spectralis Heidelberg was used to examine the thickness of the posterior retina and optic nerve fibers of the subjects within 20° and this district was divided to superior and inferior by the line collecting optic disc and macula. The detection was taken within the area of 1mm away the macular fovea. The correlation between age, refraction diopter and change of retinal morphology were analyzed. RESULTS: The average thickness of the retina around 1mm area from the fovea was 252.72±13.87μm, the mean posterior pole retinal thickness(PPRT)was 294.02±8.70μm, the superior PPRT was 294.53±9.11μm, the inferior PPRT was 293.53±9.50μm, and the average RNFL thickness was 105.75±10.60μm. There were positive correlation between age and PPRT, and positive correlation between diopter, PPRT and RNFL thickness. CONCLUSION: SD-OCT can accurately measure the thickness of children's retina, and there is a correlation between age, refractive diopter and retinal thickness
Host-Induced Gene Silencing of MoAP1 Confers Broad-Spectrum Resistance to Magnaporthe oryzae
Rice blast caused by Magnaporthe oryzae (M. oryzae) is a major threat to global rice production. In recent years, small interference RNAs (siRNAs) and host-induced gene silencing (HIGS) has been shown to be new strategies for the development of transgenic plants to control fungal diseases and proved a useful tool to study gene function in pathogens. We here tested whether in vitro feeding artificial siRNAs (asiRNAs) could compromise M. oryzae virulence and in vivo HIGS technique could improve rice blast resistance. Our data revealed that silencing of M. oryzae MoAP1 by feeding asiRNAs targeting MoAP1 (i.e., asiR1245, asiR1362, and asiR1115) resulted in inhibited fungal growth, abnormal spores, and decreased pathogenicity. Among the asiRNAs, asiR1115 was the most inhibitory toward the rice blast fungus. Conversely, the asiRNAs targeting three other genes (i.e., MoSSADH, MoACT, and MoSOM1) had no effect on fungal growth. Transgenic rice plants expressing RNA hairpins targeting MoAP1 exhibited improved resistance to 11 tested M. oryzae strains. Confocal microscopy also revealed profoundly restricted appressoria and mycelia in rice blast-infected transgenic rice plants. Our results demonstrate that in vitro asiRNA and in vivo HIGS were useful protection approaches that may be valuable to enhance rice blast resistance
Isolation and characterization of a novel arenavirus harbored by Rodents and Shrews in Zhejiang province, China
AbstractTo determine the biodiversity of arenaviruses in China, we captured and screened rodents and shrews in Wenzhou city, Zhejiang province, a locality where hemorrhagic fever diseases are endemic in humans. Accordingly, arenaviruses were detected in 42 of 351 rodents from eight species, and in 12 of 272 Asian house shrews (Suncus murinus), by RT-PCR targeting the L segment. From these, a single arenavirus was successfully isolated in cell culture. The virion particles exhibited a typical arenavirus morphology under transmission electron microscopy. Comparison of the S and L segment sequences revealed high levels of nucleotide (>32.2% and >39.6%) and amino acid (>28.8% and >43.8%) sequence differences from known arenaviruses, suggesting that it represents a novel arenavirus, which we designated Wenzhou virus (WENV). Phylogenetic analysis revealed that all WENV strains harbored by both rodents and Asian house shrews formed a distinct lineage most closely related to Old World arenaviruses
Two band gap field-dependent thermal conductivity of
The thermal conductivity of the new superconductor was
studied as a function of the temperature and a magnetic field. No anomaly in
the thermal conductivity is observed around the superconducting
transition in absence or presence of magnetic fields up to 14 Tesla; upon that
field the superconductivity of persisted. The thermal conductivity in
zero-field shows a -linear increase up to 50K. The thermal conductivity is
found to increase with increasing field at high fields. We interpret the
findings as if there are two subsystems of quasiparticles with different
field-dependent characters in a two ( and )-band superconductor reacting
differently with the vortex structure. The unusual enhancement of at low temperature but higher than a () critical field
is interpreted as a result of the overlap of the low energy states outside the
vortex cores in the -band.Comment: 6 pages,3 figure
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