Electronic structure of CuV2S4

The results of ab initio band-structure calculations and measurements of x-ray-emission valence spectra (XES) (Cu Lα, V Kβ5, V Lα, S Kβ1,3, S L2,3) and X-ray-photoelectron valence-band and core-level spectra (XPS) of CuV2S4 thiospinel are presented. It is found that a peak in valence-conduction bands close to the Fermi level is formed by V 3d states, which provide the metallic properties of CuV2S4. The valence band is formed by Cu 3d, V 3d, V 4p, and S 3p states. Examination of the XES and XPS results and the calculated charge-density maps and densities of states indicates that the valences of both Cu and V are similar to those of their elemental solids. Calculations show a strong electron-phonon coupling in CuV2S4 and the prospect of superconducting behavior has not been confirmed

Functional differential equations and freak waves

From the summary: "In this paper we consider a very interesting oceanic phenomenon called `freak waves'. To model freak waves numerically and conduct important computational experiments, we use functional differential equations. par "Freak waves are unexpected waves with a huge amplitude (up to 30 meters). This event is momentary and, therefore, it is difficult to locate and predict. par "Our methods of simulation of ocean waves allow us to make direct simulations of freak waves.