A Case Report of Opioid Induced Hypomania and Obsessive Compulsive Disorder

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) and bipolar disorder are common psychiatric illnesses and there are many challenges in pathology and their treatment. In recent years, the role of opioid system in the pathology of these disorders has been considered. In this report, we present a case with simultaneous episodes of hypomania and OCD following opium use. CASE REPORT: The 65-year-old man, who was suffering from irritability, talkativeness, over spending and frequent washing following use of opium, visited in psychiatric clinic. After administration of 30 mg of methadone every day, all her symptoms improved. During 12 years of follow-up, we observed that her symptoms recurred when the patient was taking opium again. Few days after repeat prescription of methadone, these symptoms subsided. CONCLUSION: The findings of this study emphasize the role of opioid system in the pathology of obsessive-compulsive disorder and bipolar disorder, at least when there are comorbid

Two Case Report of Papillary Carcinoma of Thyroglossal Duct Cyst

ABSTRACT: Introduction & Objective: Thyroglossal duct carcinoma is a rare midline neck carcinoma that is usually diagnosed postoperatively. Its incidence is about 1-1.5%. This article presents two cases of thyroglossal duct cyst carcinoma and their diagnosis and the management methods are described. Case: Our patients were 24 and 16 year old ladies that referred to Khalili hospital with chief complaint of midline neck mass in 1379, 1377. Their para-clinical tests were negative for malignancy but papillary carcinoma was detected after surgery. They have only been followed up for few years without any thyroidectomy and radioiodine therapy. Conclusion: There is high false negativity in fine needle aspiration and sonography for ruling out malignancy in thyroglossal cyst therefore, para clinical tests cannot rule out malignancy and excisional biopsy is the only definite way for ruling out thyroglossal cyst carcinoma. On the other hand, severe controversy exists in managing of thyroglossal cyst carcinoma. While some surgeons are interested in total thyroidectomy and radioiodine ablation, it is not necessary to do thyroidectomy if the thyroid gland, lymph nodes and excised mass margins are free of malignancy because excellent prognosis of thyroglossal cyst carcinoma and probable thyroid involvement can be found by close follow up

Noise Reduction Evaluation of Multi-Layered Viscoelastic Infinite Cylinder under Acoustical Wave Excitation

In this paper sound transmission through the multilayered viscoelastic air filled cylinders subjected to the incident acoustic wave is studied using the technique of separation of variables on the basis of linear three dimensional theory of elasticity. The effect of interior acoustic medium on the mode maps (frequency vs geometry) and noise reduction is investigated. The effects of internal absorption and external moving medium on noise reduction are also evaluated. The dynamic viscoelastic properties of the structure are rigorously taken into account with a power law technique that models the viscoelastic damping of the cylinder. A parametric study is also performed for the two layered infinite cylinders to obtain the effect of viscoelastic layer characteristics such as thickness, material type and frequency dependency of viscoelastic properties on the noise reduction. It is shown that using constant and frequency dependent viscoelastic material with high loss factor leads to the uniform noise reduction in the frequency domain. It is also shown that the noise reduction obtained for constant viscoelastic material property is subjected to some errors in the low frequency range with respect to those obtained for the frequency dependent viscoelastic material

Buckling analysis of nonuniform nonlocal strain gradient beams using generalized differential quadrature method

Recently, it was shown that the length scales presented in nonlocal elasticity and strain gradient theory each describe a different physical and material properties of structures at small scales. Accordingly, in this article, by using the new accurate nonlocal strain gradient theory, buckling behavior of nonuniform small-scale beam is investigated. Nanobeam is assumed with variable cross section through the length by exponentially varying the width. According to the size effects, higher order strain deformations and nonlocal effects are modeled on the Euler-Bernoulli beam. Governing equation of motion is presented using Hamilton's principle for nonuniform nonlocal strain gradient beams and solved using generalized differential quadrature method for higher order differential equations. Accuracy of the current methodology is discussed by increasing the number of sampling points and merging to unique solutions. Moreover, in order comprehend the nonuniformity effects on nonlocal strain gradient beams, parametric study is done and presented for different variables. It is shown that nonuniformity could have a significant efficacy on critical buckling loads depending on the ratio between nonlocal and strain gradient parameters. This study is a step forward in better understanding the behavior of nonuniform small scale beams to be used in different nanoscale structures. Keywords: Buckling, Nonlocal strain gradient theory, Nonuniform nanobeam, Variable cross section, GDQ

Force Vibration of Laminated Plates with Various Shapes Subjected to Low-velocity Impact

Le Policy Research Centre, soutenu par la Islamic Foundation, met en ligne un rapport rédigé par Sughra Ahmed, Seen and Not Heard: Voices of Young British Muslims. Un intéressant éclairage sur les jeunes musulmans d'Angleterre, d'Ecosse et du Pays de Galles

A Closed form solution for the buckling analysis of orthotropic reddy plate and prismatic plate structures

A closed-form solution based on the Reddy third-order shear deformation plate theory is proposed for the buckling of both flat and stiffened plates, with simply supported on two opposite edges. The equations governing the critical behaviour considering the full Green-Lagrange strain tensor and the second Piola-Kirchhoff stress tensor are derived using the principle of minimum potential energy. The general Levy-type approach is employed, and the accuracy and effectiveness of the proposed formulation is validated through direct comparison with analytical and numerical results available in the literature. The parametric analyses performed for different geometrical ratios show that the von Kármán hypothesis holds only for thin flat plates whereas it can significantly overestimate buckling loads for stiffened plates, for which the buckling mode entails comparable in-plane and out-of-plane displacement

A closed-form solution for buckling analysis of orthotropic Reddy plates and prismatic plate structures

This paper presents an analytical solution for elastic buckling problems of thick, composite prismatic plates subjected to uniaxial or biaxial compressive loads. Based on Reddy's third-order shear deformation theory and the Green-Lagrange deformation measure, the governing equations and natural boundary conditions of the plate are derived using Hamilton's principle, and solved analytically using the Navier and Levy-type solution methods. A large number of configurations are analyzed, and the effects of geometric and material properties on the buckling of both isotropic and orthotropic prismatic plates, as well as transversely anisotropic sandwich plates, are determined with a reduced computational effort. A comparison with results available in the literature, also determined by considering alternative plate models, shows the accuracy of the proposed approach