A Case of Phenytoin-Alcohol Interaction

WOS: A1995TF20700024PubMed ID: 857130

Lithium and Anticholinergic Combination To Maintain a Stable Lithium Plasma-Level

WOS: A1994NF19900004The effect of lithium and propantheline, an anticholinergic agent, combination on plasma and red blood cell (RBC) lithium levels was studied to test if this combination could maintain a stable plasma lithium level for a long-lasting period by delaying gastric emptying, in rabbits. There was a significant difference in plasma lithium levels between control and propantheline-administered groups (p < 0.01). The peak level seen in the second hour of lithium administration in the control group was not observed in the propantheline-administered group and a stable lithium level was maintained. It was suggested that a lithium and anticholinergic drug combination can be an alternative in eliminating the peak plasma levels of lithium and preventing the side-effects thought to be related to this factor

Comparison of the analgesic effects of diflunisal and paracetamol in the treatment of postoperative dental pain

WOS: A1996WK95700003PubMed ID: 9063757The search for new effective analgesics without unwanted effects on the coagulation mechanism and a longer duration of activity has been intensified. One such development is diflunisal and the aim of this study was to compare the analgesic effect of diflunisal with that of paracetamol. A combined single dose (500-mg tablets), double-blind, randomized, controlled design in out-patients (n = 104) with moderate or severe pain caused by the surgical removal of impacted mandibuiar third molars was used in this study. Pain intensity and relief were assessed postoperatively for 8h using category-rating scales. The results showed a statistically significant difference in favour of diflunisal in each and every parameter used in determining the efficacy of the treatment

Pharmacokinetics in children with chronic kidney disease

In children, the main causes of chronic kidney disease (CKD) are congenital diseases and glomerular disorders. CKD is associated with multiple physiological changes and may therefore influence various pharmacokinetic (PK) parameters. A wellknown consequence of CKD on pharmacokinetics is a reduction in renal clearance due to a decrease in the glomerular filtration rate. The impact of renal impairment on pharmacokinetics is, however, not limited to a decreased elimination of drugs excreted by the kidney. In fact, renal dysfunction may lead to modifications in absorption, distribution, transport, and metabolism as well. Currently, insufficient evidence is available to guide dosing decisions on many commonly used drugs. Moreover, the impact of maturation on drug disposition and action should be taken into account when selecting and dosing drugs in the pediatric population. Clinicians should take PK changes into consideration when selecting and dosing drugs in pediatric CKD patients in order to avoid toxicity and increase effic