15 research outputs found
Transcription Regulation of Sex-Biased Genes during Ontogeny in the Malaria Vector Anopheles gambiae
In Anopheles gambiae, sex-regulated genes are responsible for controlling gender dimorphism and are therefore crucial in determining the ability of female mosquitoes to transmit human malaria. The identification and functional characterization of these genes will shed light on the sexual development and maturation of mosquitoes and provide useful targets for genetic control measures aimed at reducing mosquito fertility and/or distorting the sex ratio
Comparative Genomic Analysis of Drosophila melanogaster and Vector Mosquito Developmental Genes
Genome sequencing projects have presented the opportunity for analysis of developmental genes in three vector mosquito species: Aedes aegypti, Culex quinquefasciatus, and Anopheles gambiae. A comparative genomic analysis of developmental genes in Drosophila melanogaster and these three important vectors of human disease was performed in this investigation. While the study was comprehensive, special emphasis centered on genes that 1) are components of developmental signaling pathways, 2) regulate fundamental developmental processes, 3) are critical for the development of tissues of vector importance, 4) function in developmental processes known to have diverged within insects, and 5) encode microRNAs (miRNAs) that regulate developmental transcripts in Drosophila. While most fruit fly developmental genes are conserved in the three vector mosquito species, several genes known to be critical for Drosophila development were not identified in one or more mosquito genomes. In other cases, mosquito lineage-specific gene gains with respect to D. melanogaster were noted. Sequence analyses also revealed that numerous repetitive sequences are a common structural feature of Drosophila and mosquito developmental genes. Finally, analysis of predicted miRNA binding sites in fruit fly and mosquito developmental genes suggests that the repertoire of developmental genes targeted by miRNAs is species-specific. The results of this study provide insight into the evolution of developmental genes and processes in dipterans and other arthropods, serve as a resource for those pursuing analysis of mosquito development, and will promote the design and refinement of functional analysis experiments
Auswirkungen der akuten Hypertension auf das Extravasat von Makromolek�len im Felsenbein
A formal risk-benefit framework for genomic tests: Facilitating the appropriate translation of genomics into clinical practice
Deconstructing the Sibling Correlation: How Families Increase Inequality
Economic inequality, Family economics, Intergenerational correlation, Sibling correlation,
What Does Tympanostomy Tube Placement in Children Teach Us About the Association Between Atopic Conditions and Otitis Media?
The association between long working hours and hearing impairment in noise unexposed workers: data from the 5th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES 2010–2012)
Pro-inflammatory interleukins in middle ear effusions from atopic and non-atopic children with chronic otitis media with effusion
Kinship Care for the Safety, Permanency, and Well‐being of Children Removed from the Home for Maltreatment
Child abuse and neglect are common problems across the world that result in negative consequences for children, families and communities. Children who have been abused or neglected are often removed from the home and placed in residential care or with other families, including foster families. Foster care was traditionally provided by people that social workers recruited from the community specifically to provide care for children whose parents could not look after them. Typically they were not related to the children placed with them, and did not know them before the placement was arranged. In recent years many societies have introduced policies that favour placing children who cannot live at home with other members of their family or with friends of the family. This is known as 'kinship care' or 'families and friends care'. We do not know what type of out-of-home care (placement) is best for children.
This review was designed to help find out if research studies could tell us which kind of placement is best. Sixty two studies met the methodological standards we considered acceptable. Wherever possible we combined the data from studies looking at the same outcome for children, in order to be more confident about what the research was telling us. Current best evidence suggests that children in kinship care may do better than children in traditional foster care in terms of their behavioral development, mental health functioning, and placement stability. Children in traditional foster care placements may do better with regard to achieving some permanency outcomes and accessing services they may need. Implications for practice and future research are discussed