5,196 research outputs found
Electron spin coherence in metallofullerenes: Y, Sc and La@C82
Endohedral fullerenes encapsulating a spin-active atom or ion within a carbon
cage offer a route to self-assembled arrays such as spin chains. In the case of
metallofullerenes the charge transfer between the atom and the fullerene cage
has been thought to limit the electron spin phase coherence time (T2) to the
order of a few microseconds. We study electron spin relaxation in several
species of metallofullerene as a function of temperature and solvent
environment, yielding a maximum T2 in deuterated o-terphenyl greater than 200
microseconds for Y, Sc and La@C82. The mechanisms governing relaxation (T1, T2)
arise from metal-cage vibrational modes, spin-orbit coupling and the nuclear
spin environment. The T2 times are over 2 orders of magnitude longer than
previously reported and consequently make metallofullerenes of interest in
areas such as spin-labelling, spintronics and quantum computing.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figure
Time-optimal synthesis of unitary transformations in coupled fast and slow qubit system
In this paper, we study time-optimal control problems related to system of
two coupled qubits where the time scales involved in performing unitary
transformations on each qubit are significantly different. In particular, we
address the case where unitary transformations produced by evolutions of the
coupling take much longer time as compared to the time required to produce
unitary transformations on the first qubit but much shorter time as compared to
the time to produce unitary transformations on the second qubit. We present a
canonical decomposition of SU(4) in terms of the subgroup SU(2)xSU(2)xU(1),
which is natural in understanding the time-optimal control problem of such a
coupled qubit system with significantly different time scales. A typical
setting involves dynamics of a coupled electron-nuclear spin system in pulsed
electron paramagnetic resonance experiments at high fields. Using the proposed
canonical decomposition, we give time-optimal control algorithms to synthesize
various unitary transformations of interest in coherent spectroscopy and
quantum information processing.Comment: 8 pages, 3 figure
Biophysical consequences of a relaxing Beaufort Gyre
© The Author(s), 2020. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in Zhang, J., Spitz, Y. H., Steele, M., Ashjian, C., Campbell, R., & Schweiger, A. Biophysical consequences of a relaxing Beaufort Gyre. Geophysical Research Letters, 47(2), (2020): e2019GL085990, doi:10.1029/2019GL085990.A biophysical model shows that Beaufort Gyre (BG) intensification in 2004–2016 is followed by relaxation in 2017–2018, based on a BG variability index. BG intensification leads to enhanced downwelling in the central Canada Basin (CCB) and upwelling along the coast. In the CCB, enhanced downwelling reduces nutrients, thus lowering primary productivity (PP) and plankton biomass. Enhanced upwelling along the coast and in parts of the Chukchi shelf/slope increases nutrients, leading to elevated PP/biomass in the Pacific Arctic Ocean (PAO) outside of the CCB. The overall PAO PP/biomass is dominated by the shelf/slope response and thus increases during BG intensification. As the BG relaxes in 2017–2018, these processes largely reverse, with increasing PP/biomass in the CCB and decreasing PP/biomass in most of the shelf/slope regions. Because the shelf/slope regions are much more productive than the CCB, BG relaxation has the tendency to reduce the overall production in the PAO.This work is funded by the NASA Cryosphere Program (NNX15AG68G and NNX17AD27G), the NSF Office of Polar Programs (PLR‐1416920, PLR‐1603259, PLR‐1603266, OPP‐1751363, PLR‐1602521, and PLR‐1503298), the NOAA Climate Program Office (NA15OAR4310170 and NA15OAR4320063AM170), and ONR (N00014‐17‐1‐2545). We thank Drs. Benjamin Rabe and Edward Doddridge for their constructive comments and Kay Runciman for graphics support. CFS reanalysis data used for model forcing are available online (https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data‐access/model‐data/model‐datasets/climate‐forecast‐system‐version2‐cfsv2). Model results are in https://pscfiles.apl.uw.edu/zhang/BIOMAS168x180/ website
Towards T1-limited magnetic resonance imaging using Rabi beats
Two proof-of-principle experiments towards T1-limited magnetic resonance
imaging with NV centers in diamond are demonstrated. First, a large number of
Rabi oscillations is measured and it is demonstrated that the hyperfine
interaction due to the NV's 14N can be extracted from the beating oscillations.
Second, the Rabi beats under V-type microwave excitation of the three hyperfine
manifolds is studied experimentally and described theoretically.Comment: 6 pages, 8 figure
Suppressed recombination and unique candidate genes in the divergent haplotype encoding Fhb1, a major Fusarium head blight resistance locus in wheat
Fhb1 is a prominent Fusarium head blight resistance locus of wheat, which has been successfully introgressed in adapted breeding material, where it confers a significant increase in overall resistance to the causal pathogen Fusarium graminearum and the fungal virulence factor and mycotoxin deoxynivalenol. The Fhb1 region has been resolved for the susceptible wheat reference genotype Chinese Spring, yet the causal gene itself has not been identified in resistant cultivars. Here, we report the establishment of a 1 Mb contig embracing Fhb1 in the donor line CM-82036. Sequencing revealed that the region of Fhb1 deviates from the Chinese Spring reference in DNA size and gene content, which explains the repressed recombination at the locus in the performed fine mapping. Differences in genes expression between near-isogenic lines segregating for Fhb1 challenged with F. graminearum or treated with mock were investigated in a time-course experiment by RNA sequencing. Several candidate genes were identified, including a pathogen-responsive GDSL lipase absent in susceptible lines. The sequence of the Fhb1 region, the resulting list of candidate genes, and near-diagnostic KASP markers for Fhb1 constitute a valuable resource for breeding and further studies aiming to identify the gene(s) responsible for F. graminearum and deoxynivalenol resistance.(VLID)141383
The Separable Kernel of Nucleon-Nucleon Interaction in the Bethe-Salpeter Approach
The dispersion relations for nucleon-nucleon (NN) T-matrix in the framework
of Bethe-Salpeter equation for two spin one-half particle system and with
separable kernel of interaction are considered in the paper. The developed
expressions are applied for construction of the separable kernel of interaction
for S partial-waves in singlet and triplet channels. We calculate the low
energy scattering parameters and the phase shifts and also the deuteron binding
energy with the separable interaction. The approach can be easily extended to
higher partial-waves for NN-scattering and other reactions (anti N N-, pi
N-scattering).Comment: RevTex 4 style, 9 pages, 1 figur
Multidimensional continued fractions, dynamical renormalization and KAM theory
The disadvantage of `traditional' multidimensional continued fraction
algorithms is that it is not known whether they provide simultaneous rational
approximations for generic vectors. Following ideas of Dani, Lagarias and
Kleinbock-Margulis we describe a simple algorithm based on the dynamics of
flows on the homogeneous space SL(2,Z)\SL(2,R) (the space of lattices of
covolume one) that indeed yields best possible approximations to any irrational
vector. The algorithm is ideally suited for a number of dynamical applications
that involve small divisor problems. We explicitely construct renormalization
schemes for (a) the linearization of vector fields on tori of arbitrary
dimension and (b) the construction of invariant tori for Hamiltonian systems.Comment: 51 page
Accurate ab initio spin densities
We present an approach for the calculation of spin density distributions for
molecules that require very large active spaces for a qualitatively correct
description of their electronic structure. Our approach is based on the
density-matrix renormalization group (DMRG) algorithm to calculate the spin
density matrix elements as basic quantity for the spatially resolved spin
density distribution. The spin density matrix elements are directly determined
from the second-quantized elementary operators optimized by the DMRG algorithm.
As an analytic convergence criterion for the spin density distribution, we
employ our recently developed sampling-reconstruction scheme [J. Chem. Phys.
2011, 134, 224101] to build an accurate complete-active-space
configuration-interaction (CASCI) wave function from the optimized matrix
product states. The spin density matrix elements can then also be determined as
an expectation value employing the reconstructed wave function expansion.
Furthermore, the explicit reconstruction of a CASCI-type wave function provides
insights into chemically interesting features of the molecule under study such
as the distribution of - and -electrons in terms of Slater
determinants, CI coefficients, and natural orbitals. The methodology is applied
to an iron nitrosyl complex which we have identified as a challenging system
for standard approaches [J. Chem. Theory Comput. 2011, 7, 2740].Comment: 37 pages, 13 figure
Correction to: Design of an international multicentre RCT on group schema therapy for borderline personality disorder
Correction to: BMC Psychiatry 14, 319 (2014)..
Indications for the Nonexistence of Three-Neutron Resonances near the Physical Region
The pending question of the existence of three-neutron resonances near the
physical energy region is reconsidered. Finite rank neutron-neutron forces are
used in Faddeev equations, which are analytically continued into the unphysical
energy sheet below the positive real energy axis. The trajectories of the
three-neutron S-matrix poles in the states of total angular momenta and parity
J^\pi=1/2 +- and J^\pi= 3/2 +- are traced out as a function of artificial
enhancement factors of the neutron-neutron forces. The final positions of the
S-matrix poles removing the artificial factors are found in all cases to be far
away from the positive real energy axis, which provides a strong indication for
the nonexistence of nearby three-neutron resonances. The pole trajectories
close to the threshold E=0 are also predicted out of auxiliary generated
three-neutron bound state energies using the Pad\'e method and agree very well
with the directly calculated ones.Comment: 20 pages, 7 Postscript figures, fig.1 is corrected, uses relax.st
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