28 research outputs found
Flavonoids exclusively present in mycorrhizal roots of white clover exhibit a different effect on arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi than flavonoids exclusively present in non-mycorrhizal roots of white clover
The flavonoids 5,6,7,8,9-hydroxy chalcone, 3,7-hydroxy-4âČmethoxy flavone, 5,6,7,8-hydroxy-4âČ-methoxy flavone and 3,5,6,7,4âČ-hydroxy flavone can be detected only in non-mycorrhizal roots of white clover, but not in mycorrhizal roots, whereas the flavonoids acacetin, quercetin and rhamnetin are only present in mycorrhizal roots. We tested the effect of several concentrations of these compounds on spore germination, hyphal growth, hyphal branching, formation of clusters of auxiliary cells and of secondary spores of the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi Gigaspora rosea, Gigaspora margarita, Glomus mosseae and Glomus intraradices. Our results indicate that depending on the flavonoid, the tested compounds are involved at different stages in the regulation of mycorrhization. This hypothesis is strengthened by their differing effect on several AM fungal growth parameters. Furthermore, our study provides more data on the AM fungus genus/species specificity of flavonoids. © 2005 Taylor & Francis.Fil:Scervino, J.M. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales; Argentina.Fil:Ponce, M.A. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales; Argentina.Fil:Godeas, A. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales; Argentina
Autophagy signaling in hypertrophied muscles of diabetic and control rats
Autophagy plays a vital role in cell homeostasis by eliminating nonfunctional components and promoting cell survival. Here, we examined the levels of autophagy signaling proteins after 7âdays of overload hypertrophy in the extensor digitorum longus (EDL) and soleus muscles of control and diabetic rats. We compared control and 3âday streptozotocinâinduced diabetic rats, an experimental model for type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). EDL muscles showed increased levels of basal autophagy signaling proteins. The diabetic state did not affect the extent of overloadâinduced hypertrophy or the levels of autophagy signaling proteins (pâULK1, Beclinâ1, Atg5, Atg12â5, Atg7, Atg3, LC3âI and II, and p62) in either muscle. The pâULKâ1, Beclinâ1, and p62 protein expression levels were higher in the EDL muscle than in the soleus before the hypertrophic stimulus. On the contrary, the soleus muscle exhibited increased autophagic signaling after overloadâinduced hypertrophy, with increases in Beclinâ1, Atg5, Atg12â5, Atg7, Atg3, and LC3âI expression in the control and diabetic groups, in addition to pâULKâ1 in the control groups. After hypertrophy, Beclinâ1 and Atg5 levels increased in the EDL muscle of both groups, while pâULK1 and LC3âI increased in the control group. In conclusion, the baseline EDL muscle exhibited higher autophagy than the soleus muscle. Although TDM1 promotes skeletal muscle mass loss and strength reduction, it did not significantly alter the extent of overloadâinduced hypertrophy and autophagy signaling proteins in EDL and soleus muscles, with the two groups exhibiting different patterns of autophagy activation