162 research outputs found
Comparative study between target-controlled-infusion and continuous-infusion anesthesia in dogs treated with methotrimeprazine and treated with propofol and remifentanil
Abnormal motor activity during anaesthesia in a dog: a case report
Seizures or convulsions that occur during anaesthesia in veterinary patients are infrequently reported in the literature. Consequently, the incidence of such events is unknown. Several drugs commonly used in clinical veterinary anaesthesia have been shown to induce epileptiform activity in both human clinical patients and experimental candidates. The present case report describes convulsions in a four-year old male Bernese mountain dog during maintenance of anaesthesia with isoflurane after premedication with acepromazine and methadone followed by co-induction with propofol and ketamine. The dog had no history of previous convulsions. The use of several sedative and anaesthetic drugs makes it difficult to find one single causative pharmaceutical
Analgesic management of an eight-year-old Springer Spaniel after amputation of a thoracic limb
Analgesic agents were administered perioperatively to an eight-year-old Springer Spaniel undergoing amputation of its right thoracic limb. The amputation was carried out due to a painful, infiltrative and poorly differentiated sarcoma involving the nerves of the brachial plexus. A combination of pre-emptive and multimodal perioperative analgesic strategies was used; including intravenous (IV) infusions of fentanyl, morphine, lidocaine and ketamine
Continuous infusion in adult females dogs submitted to ovariohysterectomy with midazolam-xylazine and/or medetomidine pre-treated with methotrimeprazine and buprenorphine
IL-21 Limits Peripheral Lymphocyte Numbers through T Cell Homeostatic Mechanisms
IL-21, a member of the common gamma-chain utilizing family of cytokines, participates in immune and inflammatory processes. In addition, the cytokine has been linked to autoimmunity in humans and rodents.To investigate the mechanism whereby IL-21 affects the immune system, we investigated its role in T cell homeostasis and autoimmunity in both non-autoimmune C57BL/6 and autoimmune NOD mice. Our data indicate that IL-21R knockout C57BL/6 and NOD mice show increased size of their lymphocyte population and decreased homeostatic proliferation. In addition, our experimental results demonstrate that IL-21 inhibits T cell survival. These data suggest that IL-21 acts to limit the size of the T cell pool. Furthermore, our data suggest IL-21 may contribute to the development of autoimmunity.Taken together, our results suggest that IL-21 plays a global role in regulating T cell homeostasis, promoting the continuous adaptation of the T cell lymphoid space
Different strokes for different folks: the rich diversity of animal models of focal cerebral ischemia
No single animal model is able to encompass all of the variables known to affect human ischemic stroke. This review highlights the major strengths and weaknesses of the most commonly used animal models of acute ischemic stroke in the context of matching model and experimental aim. Particular emphasis is placed on the relationships between outcome and underlying vascular variability, physiologic control, and use of models of comorbidity. The aim is to provide, for novice and expert alike, an overview of the key controllable determinants of experimental stroke outcome to help ensure the most effective application of animal models to translational research
Surgical stress and postoperative complications related to regional and radical mastectomy in dogs
Cardiovascular and haemodynamic effects of intramuscular doses of xylazine in conscious sheep
OBJECTIVE: To determine if a commonly used analgesic dose of xylazine has detrimental cardiovascular or haemodynamic effects in sheep. DESIGN: A physiological study following intramuscular administration of xylazine. PROCEDURE: Xylazine (50 micrograms/kg) was injected intramuscularly into six healthy Merino ewes. For 60 min heart rate, mean arterial blood pressure and cardiac output were recorded; arterial blood samples for the measurement of blood gas tensions were also collected. RESULTS: There were no significant changes in heart rate, mean arterial blood pressure, cardiac output or arterial carbon dioxide tension. A slight degree of arterial hypoxaemia was noted with a 10% reduction in arterial oxygen tension values at 30 min. CONCLUSION: The minimal changes to cardiovascular and respiratory values in this study verify the safety of previously suggested analgesic dosing regimens for sheep. Previously reported hypoxaemic effects in sheep as a result of intravenous xylazine administration appear to be reduced as a result of intramuscular administration
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