Seikatsu no shitsu ni taisuru gurobarizeshon no eikyo

制度:新 ; 報告番号:甲3229号 ; 学位の種類:博士(学術) ; 授与年月日:2011/3/15 ; 早大学位記番号:新552

Impacts of globalization on quality of life: evidence from developing countries

This paper evaluates the impacts of globalization on quality of life, particularly on human development, gender development and human poverty in developing countries. Applying the fixed effect model to the annual panel data of 124 developing countries covering nine years from 1997, it shows that globalization (in terms of its comprehensive indexes and key elements) not only promotes human and gender development, but also significantly reduces human poverty. Not surprisingly, all the three aspects of globalization (economic, social and political) contribute to the overall effect of globalization. In general, the results from the key elements of globalization are consistent with the results from the comprehensive indexes. However, it is also observed that political and social globalization, FDI, and international migration were insignificant to gender-related development. Thus, further research is suggested for appropriate policy recommendations to make these variables significant on promoting gender aspects of development

Access to infrastructure and human wellbeing: evidence from rural Nepal

This article documents the level of access to infrastructure and assesses its perceived impacts on human wellbeing in rural Nepal. It found more varied level of wellbeing in less remote communities and the perceived impacts of access to infrastructure on human wellbeing is higher in more remote areas. Notably, access to roads received the highest priority among respondents followed by drinking water and irrigation. The methodology and findings of this study have practical implications for rural development in hills and mountains where human settlements are highly dispersed and access is the key to human wellbeing

Integrating South Asia into Asia: Evidence from Trade Statistics

Market-led regional integration in Asia is moving fast, despite the slow progress in establishing an effective Asia-wide regional integration institution. However, how South Asian economies are integrating into the Asian economy remains unclear. Using trade statistics from the Asian Development Bank’s regional integration database, this paper investigates the situation and determinants of trade integration of South Asia into Asia. While the trade volume from South Asia to broader Asia rose sharply from US $18.12 billion in 1990 to US$381.84 billion in 2017, the trade share (of total trade) rose from 27.35% to 40.1% during the same period. However, the regional trade intensity index (TII) of South Asia to Asia declined from 1.27% in 1990 to 1.16% in 2017, indicating the declining importance of Asia vis-à-vis the outside world for South Asia. Using the dynamic panel data approach on the cross-country panel data of five South Asian countries for the period 1990–2017, this study explores the determinants of South Asian trade volumes and share into Asia. The results indicate that the past record of the dependent variables and the aid flows from Asian bilateral donors significantly increased both trade volume and share. Other positive determinants of trade volume are the economy size, trade openness, FDI inflows and ICT access. While the number of FTAs is a positive determinant, a country’s level of economic development, size of economy and FDI inflows are the negative determinants of trade share. The military expenditure is a negative determinant for both trade volume and share. The finding suggests that more FTA participations and foreign aids from within the region should be promoted, and militarization should be minimized to accelerate the economic integration of South Asia into Asia

Human well-being after 2015 Nepal earthquake: micro-evidence from one of the hardest hit rural villages

This study assesses the human well-being in one of the most affected rural villages of Nepal, ten months after the 2015 earthquake, which had a magnitude of 7.8 on the Richter scale. Through a survey of 399 households, we found that the earthquake increased the poverty and out-of-school children by 9% and 7% respectively. It also killed 17 people and injured 53 people seriously. Results also revealed that both objective as well as subjective human well-being is significantly associated with the degree of destruction, access to physical and social infrastructure, and the sociocultural identity of the respondents. These results have clear policy implications for the disaster risk reduction and sustainable reconstruction of the ruined rural areas

Factors determining English test score of high school students in rural Nepal

Due to globalization and internationalization of education, the importance of English language has been growing consistently. Like many other countries around the globe, English is taught as a compulsory subject from the primary level in Nepal. Despite continuous public and private efforts, achievement in English education is not satisfactory, especially in rural areas, due to numerous socio-cultural and other factors. Thus, this article explores some important determinants of English achievement of high school students in Rural Nepal. Through the questionnaire responses of 407 students from the four villages of Sindhupalchok district, which is explored using Cremer’s V analysis, a strong association between students English test score and their socio-cultural, family, school and personal factors was found

Is Pan-Asian Economic Integration Moving Forward? Evidence from Regional Trade Statistics

Asia is growing economically faster than any other region in the world that even led the shift of the center of gravity of global economy from West to East. However, it is not clear whether the Asian economy is integrating more regionally or globally. In the context of growing efforts of regional integration at pan-Asian as well as its sub-regional level, it is worthwhile to explore the pan-Asian trade flows regionally as well as globally. Thus, this paper examines the trend and determinants of economic integration in pan-Asia, and it’s sub-regions in terms of the trade intensity index (TII) and intra-regional trade share. ADB's ARIC database revealed that despite rapid increase in intra-Asian trade volume of all countries from 1990 to 2012, the trends of intra-regional trade share of different countries are different indicating that countries in the region are functioning independently and stronger economic tie is yet to build within the pan-Asia and its sub-regions. Furthermore, the dynamic panel data analysis resulted that FTAs/RTAs are one of the main determinants of growing intra-Asian trade share. Other determinants are countries' level of economic development, FDI stock, urban population growth and access to ICT. Thus, we argue that active participation in FTAs/RTAs, open FDI policy, urbanization and technological development of Asian countries create an enabling environment for pan-Asian economic integration

Sport for Development and Peace (SDP) Organisations and the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) of Nepal

With growing empirical evidences of sport’s positive impacts on socioeconomic development and peacebuilding, there is progress in theorizing sport as a vehicle for social change and global growth of Sport for Development and Peace (SDP) organisations; undoubtedly, the SDP sector can play a significant role in achieving sustainable development goals (SDGs), particularly in the least developed countries (LDCs). However, local SDP organisations and related government policies in LDCs have rarely been studied, and there have been no studies conducted yet focusing Nepal. Thus, this paper explores the grassroots SDP organisations in Nepal and have found that ‘Youth and Sport’ related non-governmental organisations (NGOs) are proliferating since 1990, increasing from 157 to 3,799 in 2000, and recently reaching 11,886 in July 2017, thus contributing to the SDGs in many ways. However, the government has had no independent and organized SDP policy so far, and the related policies reviewed in the several policy documents are also not well linked with the national SDG framework and remain far apart from the global SDP movement. To develop a well-functioning SDP sector in countries like Nepal, we suggest further exploration of the ‘Youth and Sport’ NGOs and developing a comprehensive, independent national SDP policy that accelerates the achievement of SDGs in Nepal

Integrating South Asia into Asia: Evidence from Trade Statistics

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