57,156 research outputs found
Phonon instability in two-dimensional dipolar Bose-Einstein Condensates
The partially attractive character of the dipole-dipole interaction leads to
phonon instability in dipolar condensates, which is followed by collapse in
three-dimensional geometries. We show that the nature of this instability is
fundamentally different in two-dimensional condensates, due to the
dipole-induced stabilization of two-dimensional bright solitons. As a
consequence, a transient gas of attractive solitons is formed, and collapse may
be avoided. In the presence of an harmonic confinement, the instability leads
to transient pattern formation followed by the creation of stable
two-dimensional solitons. This dynamics should be observable in on-going
experiments, allowing for the creation of stable two-dimensional solitons for
the first time ever in quantum gases.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figure
Faraday patterns in dipolar Bose-Einstein condensates
Faraday patterns can be induced in Bose-Einstein condensates by a periodic
modulation of the system nonlinearity. We show that these patterns are
remarkably different in dipolar gases with a roton-maxon excitation spectrum.
Whereas for non-dipolar gases the pattern size decreases monotonously with the
driving frequency, patterns in dipolar gases present, even for shallow roton
minima, a highly non trivial frequency dependence characterized by abrupt
pattern size transitions, which are especially pronounced when the dipolar
interaction is modulated. Faraday patterns constitute hence an optimal tool for
revealing the onset of the roton minimum, a major key feature of dipolar gases.Comment: 4 pages, 10 figure
Kelvon-roton instability of vortex lines in dipolar Bose-Einstein condensates
The physics of vortex lines in dipolar condensates is studied. Due to the
nonlocality of the dipolar interaction, the 3D character of the vortex plays a
more important role in dipolar gases than in typical short-range interacting
ones. In particular, the dipolar interaction significantly affects the
stability of the transverse modes of the vortex line. Remarkably, in the
presence of a periodic potential along the vortex line, a roton minimum may
develop in the spectrum of transverse modes. We discuss the appropriate
conditions at which this roton minimum may eventually lead to an instability of
the straight vortex line, opening new scenarios for vortices in dipolar gases.Comment: 4 pages, 3 eps figure
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