Avaliação da micropropagação de dois genótipos de palma forrageira.

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a multiplicação in vitro de dois genótipos de palma forrageira [Opunt ia tuna (L.) Mill var. Orelha de Elefante e Nopalea cochenillifera Salm Dyck var. Mão de Moça], no período de julho de 2014 a março de 2015

Effect of an extract of Centella asiatica on the biodistribution of sodium pertechnetate (Na^99mTcO₄) and on the fixation of radioactivity on blood constituents

This study evaluates the effects of an acute treatment with a Centella asiatica (CA) extract on the biodistribution of the radiopharmaceutical Na99mTcO4 and on the fixation of technetium-99m on blood constituents. Wistar rats were treated with CA extract and, 1 hour after, Na99mTcO4 was administered; organs/tissues were withdrawn and weighted. The radioactivity was counted to calculate the percentage of activity per gram (%ATI/g). Also, blood samples were withdrawn, plasma (P), blood cells (BC), insoluble fraction (IF) and soluble fractions of P and BC were isolated and the radioactivity was counted to calculate the percentage of activity (%ATI). Data indicated that the acute treatment with CA extract changed significantly (p99mTcO4 and the fixation of the technetium-99m on blood constituents in an acute treatment

Study of the antioxidant power of the waste oil from palm oil bleaching clay

Palm oil is one of the most consumed oils, one of whose refining steps is the removal of pigments and other substances using bleaching clay as adsorbent. Worldwide production of this oil was 70 million tons in 2017, requiring 1 t of clay to produce 1000 t of refined oil. The residual bleaching clay, having an oil fraction (12.70%) rich in phenolics, carotenoids and tocopherols, was extracted in this study with ethanol to obtain an antioxidant-rich palm oil bleaching extract (POBE), with the aim of using it as a natural antioxidant source. The POBE antioxidant capacity determined by the DPPH method corresponded to a 20.29% inhibition of radical formation. The POBE was also tested for its potential to enhance oxidative stability of passion fruit, pracaxi and Brazil nut oils used as reference oils, and compared to common synthetic antioxidants (tert-butylhydroquinone and propyl gallate), either separately as controls or in mixtures with them. Besides the increased oxidative stability of these oils induced by the POBE, a positive synergistic effect between it and the synthetic antioxidants was observed. These results taken together suggest that the exploitation of the waste oil from bleaching clay as an additive to improve the oxidative stability of biofuels or lubricating oils is feasible

Correlation between mineral profile, physical-chemical characteristics, and proximate composition of meat from Santa Ines ewes under water restriction.

This study aimed to evaluate the correlations between mineral profile, physical and chemical characteristics, and proximate composition of ewe meat receiving different water supply levels (100% - ad libitum group; 80%; 60% and 40% ad libitum group). Thirty-two Santa Ines ewes were assigned to a randomized block design, with 4 treatments, and 8 replications, during the 63-day experimental period. Significant correlations between all minerals (P<0.05) were found in the 60% and 40% water supply levels. A correlation (P<0.05) was observed for minerals P, K, Ca, Mg, S, Cu, and Fe with crude protein at 100% water supply. Negative correlations (P<0.05) between N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, Cu, Fe, and Zn were detected in the meat of animals supplied with 60% water. Principal component analysis (PCA) of macrominerals explained 82.9% data variance. Zinc had a strong contribution to PC1. Cooking losses had a similar contribution to PC1 and PC2. PC1 and PC2 explained 66.7% data variance in chemical characteristics. The decrease in water supply causes the correlation of nitrogen with the other minerals in meat, in addition to altering the correlation between the physical and chemical profile of the meat. Key words: Calcium. Crude protein. Hardness. Iron. Principal componentes

Chemical composition, antifungal activity and potential anti-virulence evaluation of the Eugenia uniflora essential oil against Candida spp.

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Breve análise do impacto da pandemia da covid-19 sobre as indústrias de processamento de pescado.

O isolamento social é considerado fundamental para a frear a evolução da Covid-19. Essa medida restritiva provocou uma queda nos serviços de alimentação e em seus respectivos canais de distribuição. Como uma forma de superar as dificuldades da pandemia, as indústrias de alimentos de uma maneira geral, precisaram inventar novos produtos e adotar diferentes técnicas de marketing e logística. Em relação as indústrias de pescado, a implantação de protocolos higiênico-sanitários mais seguros e restritos tornaram-se obrigatórios para o funcionamento, sempre com o objetivo de se preservar a saúde de seus colaboradores. Devido a necessidade de se caracterizar as unidades de beneficiamento de peixes brasileiras, bem como entender o processamento do pescado pré e pós pandemia, a equipe da Embrapa Pesca e Aquicultura elaborou uma série de estudos sobre esta temática. No caso deste artigo, o objetivo foi analisar os impactos causados pela pandemia sobre a rotina das empresas de beneficiamento de pescado no Brasil. As informações foram direcionadas à representantes de unidades de beneficiamento na região Norte, Nordeste e Centro Oeste. No total,13 empresas aceitaram participar da pesquisa e as repostas foram obtidas por contatos telefônicos ou e-mail. Face a apreciação dos dados, um dos pontos relevantes foi de que a maioria das indústrias manteve o seu quadro de funcionários sem qualquer necessidade de demissões. Um comportamento similar foi observado em relação ao não fechamento das empresas. Já com relação à necessidade de suspensão das atividades por 30, 60 dias ou férias compulsórias de 30 dias, alguns relatos foram observados. Extraiu-se com o estudo que durante o período pandêmico, a indústria de beneficiamento de pescado, nas 3 regiões estudadas, permaneceu com a oferta de pescado aos consumidores com pouca variação de preço final.bitstream/item/224484/1/cap11-v2.pd

Avaliação de métodos de determinação da densidade de solo em amostras com diferentes atividades da fração argila coletadas no município de Rio Branco, estado do Acre.

No Acre, uma das características marcantes dos solos é a presença de minerais de argila do tipo 2:1, que confere padrões diferenciados de consistência em função do conteúdo de água. Esse comportamento implica em dificuldades no processo de amostragem e na avaliação de atributos físicos do solo, com destaque para a densidade do solo (Ds), atributo de grande relevância na avaliação do grau de compactação ou adensamento e componente do cálculo do estoque de nutrientes e carbono orgânico do solo. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar os métodos do anel volumétrico e do torrão parafinado na determinação da Ds em solos que apresentam argilas 2:1, em comparação a um solo de natureza caulinítica e oxídica, em horizontes superficiais e subsuperficiais. Não foi verificada diferença estatística para o valor de Ds entre o método do anel volumétrico e do torrão dentro de cada classe de solo. De maneira geral, o método do torrão parafinado resultou em maiores valores de Ds para os solos estudados, porém ambos os métodos podem ser empregados independente das particularidades dos solos. In Acre, one of the striking soil characteristics is the 2:1 clay mineral presence, which gives different consistency patterns depending on the water content. This pattern implies difficulties in the soil sampling process and the soil physical attributes evaluation, with emphasis on the bulk density (Bd), an attribute of great relevance in the compaction or densification evaluation degree and component of the soil nutrients and organic carbon calculation stock. The objective of this study was to evaluate the volumetric ring and the paraffined clod methods in determining the Bd in soils that present 2:1 clays, in comparison to a kaolinitic and oxydic soils, in samples collected to superficial and subsurface horizons. There was no statistical difference for the Bd value between the volumetric ring and the paraffined clod method within each soil class. In general, the paraffined clod method resulted in higher Bd values for the studied soils, however, both methods can be used regardless of the particularities of the studied soil.bitstream/item/217628/1/27065.pd

Is there sustainability for satellite ornamental fishing regions? A case study of Guamá River basin, Pará, Brasil.

Ornamental fisheries and socio-economic aspects of fishermen in the major fishing regions in Brazil such as the Xingu River have been well studied. However, there is lack of information about the sustainability of ?satellites? (auxiliary) fishing areas, which contribute towards supplying fish for exportation centers as Belém, the Capital of Pará state-Brazil. The ornamental fishery in the Guamá River basin is an example of an important activity that supports the families along the river, but it has low social returns and its sustainability is consequently in jeopardy without government aid. We collected fish samples and environmental data to evaluate the market chain aspects, fishery tools and techniques, fish handling and environmental issues of the region. We observed a reduction in numbers of families involved in the ornamental fishery over time. The intensification of anthro- pogenic impacts reduced the environmental integrity degree of fishing sites have resulted in lower fish diversity. The fishery was characterized by capture of a limited number of loricariids fish where the small ones are pre- ferred. Thus the fishing is more selective and consequently an environmental issue. Economically, income is directly associated to the exportation market, consequently the US dollars value influences the species and quantity of the traded fish. Most of the fishermen work on an informal basis and have no intention to continue in this activity due to the low profits reflected by presence of middlemen which concentrates the profit. Therefore, without a management plan for improvement of fishing, environmental and fish quality, the activity presents risks of unsustainability. Suggestions to ensure the perpetuation of this activity are discussed