Pododermatite canina : abordagem diagnóstica e terapêutica

Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso (graduação)—Universidade de Brasília, Faculdade de Agronomia e Medicina Veterinária, 2013.A pododermatite é uma enfermidade inflamatória complexa e multifacetada que afeta as patas de cães e raramente de gatos. Ela é caracterizada pela presença de nódulos e/ou pústulas com variados graus de inflamação e pode ter diversas causas. A furunculose podal estéril pode ser considerada um importante diagnóstico diferencial da pododermatite bacteriana, sendo sua causa imunomediada. Os sinais clínicos observados nas dermatites interdigitais geralmente incluem eritema difuso, espessamento da pele, alopecia, hiperpigmentação, piodermite, bolhas interdigitais, edema, nódulos, pústulas e tratos drenantes com exsudato serosanguinolento ou seropurulento. O diagnóstico da causa base da pododermatite é realizado por meio do histórico clínico e exames complementares. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo descrever esta enfermidade auxiliando no diagnóstico e tratamento. _________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACTPododermatitis is a multifaceted inflammatory disease complex that affects the feet of dogs and rarely of cats. It is characterized by the presence of nodules and/or pustules with different levels of inflammation and may have several causes. Sterile pedal furunculosis can be considered a important differential diagnosis of bacterial pododermatitis, being it’s cause immunomediated. The clinical signs observed in interdigital dermatitis may include diffuses erythema, skin thickening, alopecia, hyperpigmentation, pyoderma, interdigital bullae, edema, serosanguineous or seropurulent exsudates. The diagnosis of primary’s cause of pododermatitis is accomplished though clinical history and complementary tests. This study aimed to describe the disease aiding in the diagnosis and treatment

A surrogate method for comparison analysis of salivary concentrations of Xylitol-containing products

Background: Xylitol chewing gum has been shown to reduce Streptococcus mutans levels and decay. Two studies examined the presence and time course of salivary xylitol concentrations delivered via xylitol-containing pellet gum and compared them to other xylitol-containing products. Methods: A within-subjects design was used for both studies. Study 1, adults (N = 15) received three xylitol-containing products (pellet gum (2.6 g), gummy bears (2.6 g), and commercially available stick gum (Koolerz, 3.0 g)); Study 2, a second group of adults (N = 15) received three xylitol-containing products (pellet gum, gummy bears, and a 33% xylitol syrup (2.67 g). For both studies subjects consumed one xylitol product per visit with a 7-day washout between each product. A standardized protocol was followed for each product visit. Product order was randomly determined at the initial visit. Saliva samples (0.5 mL to 1.0 mL) were collected at baseline and up to 10 time points (~16 min in length) after product consumption initiated. Concentration of xylitol in saliva samples was analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography. Area under the curve (AUC) for determining the average xylitol concentration in saliva over the total sampling period was calculated for each product. Results: In both studies all three xylitol products (Study 1: pellet gum, gummy bears, and stick gum; Study 2: pellet gum, gummy bears, and syrup) had similar time curves with two xylitol concentration peaks during the sampling period. Study 1 had its highest mean peaks at the 4 min sampling point while Study 2 had its highest mean peaks between 13 to 16 minutes. Salivary xylitol levels returned to baseline at about 18 minutes for all forms tested. Additionally, for both studies the total AUC for the xylitol products were similar compared to the pellet gum (Study 1: pellet gum - 51.3 [micro]g.min/mL, gummy bears - 59.6 [micro]g.min/mL, and stick gum - 46.4 [micro]g.min/mL; Study 2: pellet gum - 63.0 [micro]g.min/mL, gummy bears - 55.9 [micro]g.min/mL, and syrup - 59.0 [micro]g.min/mL). Conclusion: The comparison method demonstrated high reliability and validity. In both studies other xylitol-containing products had time curves and mean xylitol concentration peaks similar to xylitol pellet gum suggesting this test may be a surrogate for longer studies comparing various products.NIDCR-NIH U54 DE14254; Head Start, HRSA 90YD0188/03; and MCHB, HRSA R40MC03622-03