678 research outputs found
Assessing chronic disease management in European health systems. Concepts and approaches
This book comprises two volumes and builds on the findings of the DISMEVAL
project (Developing and validating DISease Management EVALuation methods
for European health care systems), funded under the European Unionâs (EU)
Seventh Framework Programme (FP7) (Agreement no. 223277). DISMEVAL
was a three-year European collaborative project conducted between 2009 and
2011. It contributed to developing new research methods and generating
the evidence base to inform decision-making in the field of chronic disease
management evaluation (www.dismeval.eu).
In this book, we report on the findings of the projectâs first phase, capturing
the diverse range of contexts in which new approaches to chronic care are being
implemented and evaluating the outcomes of these initiatives using an explicit
comparative approach and a unified assessment framework. In this first volume,
we describe the range of approaches to chronic care adopted in 12 European
countries. By reflecting on the facilitators and barriers to implementation, we
aim to provide policy-makers and practitioners with a portfolio of options to
advance chronic care approaches in a given policy context.
In volume II (available online at http://www.euro.who.int/en/about-us/
partners/observatory/studies), we present detailed overviews of each of the 12
countries reviewed for this work and which informed the overview presented in
the first volume of the book
Volume Stabilization via Corrections in Type IIB Theory with Fluxes
We consider the Type IIB string theory in the presence of various extra
-brane pairs compactified on a warped Calabi-Yau threefold that
admits a conifold singularity. We demonstrate that the volume modulus can be
stabilized perturbatively at a non-supersymmetric vacuum by the
effective potential that includes the stringy correction
obtained by Becker {\it et al.} together with a combination of positive tension
and anomalous negative tension terms generated by the additional
7-brane-antibrane pairs.Comment: 20 pages, 4 figures, parts of introduction and conclusions are
modifie
Open Problems on Central Simple Algebras
We provide a survey of past research and a list of open problems regarding
central simple algebras and the Brauer group over a field, intended both for
experts and for beginners.Comment: v2 has some small revisions to the text. Some items are re-numbered,
compared to v
Tachyon Condensation and Black Strings
We show that under certain conditions, closed string tachyon condensation
produces a topology changing transition from black strings to Kaluza-Klein
"bubbles of nothing." This can occur when the curvature at the horizon is much
smaller than the string scale, so the black string is far from the
correspondence point when it would make a transition to an excited fundamental
string. This provides a dramatic new endpoint to Hawking evaporation. A similar
transition occurs for black p-branes, and can be viewed as a nonextremal
version of a geometric transition. Applications to AdS black holes and the AdS
soliton are also discussed.Comment: 23 pages, 1 figure, v2: references adde
Stable de Sitter vacua in N=2, D=5 supergravity
We find 5D gauged supergravity theories exhibiting stable de Sitter vacua.
These are the first examples of stable de Sitter vacua in higher-dimensional
(D>4) supergravity. Non-compact gaugings with tensor multiplets and R-symmetry
gauging seem to be the essential ingredients in these models. They are however
not sufficient to guarantee stable de Sitter vacua, as we show by investigating
several other models. The qualitative behaviour of the potential also seems to
depend crucially on the geometry of the scalar manifold.Comment: 26 pages, v2:typos corrected, published versio
A New Handle on de Sitter Compactifications
We construct a large new class of de Sitter (and anti de Sitter) vacua of
critical string theory from flux compactifications on products of Riemann
surfaces. In the construction, the leading effects stabilizing the moduli are
perturbative. We show that these effects self-consistently dominate over
standard estimates for further and quantum corrections, via
tuning available from large flux and brane quantum numbers.Comment: 26 pages, harvmac big. v2: Correction generalizing specific
ingredients required for tunable negative term; conclusions and structure of
potential unchange
The Scaling of the No Scale Potential and de Sitter Model Building
We propose a variant of the KKLT (A)dS flux vacuum construction which does
not require an antibrane to source the volume modulus. The strategy is to find
nonzero local minima of the no-scale potential in the complex structure and
dilaton directions in moduli space. The corresponding no-scale potential
expanded about this point sources the volume modulus in the same way as does
the antibrane of the KKLT construction. We exhibit explicit examples of such
nonzero local minima of the no-scale potential in a simple toroidal orientifold
model.Comment: 11 pages, harvmac big. v2: trivial typos fixe
Symmetric Points in the Landscape as Cosmological Attractors
In the landscape, if there is to be any prospect of scientific prediction, it
is crucial that there be states which are distinguished in some way. The
obvious candidates are states which exhibit symmetries. Here we focus on states
which exhibit discrete symmetries. Such states are rare, but one can speculate
that they are cosmological attractors. We investigate the problem in model
landscapes and cosmologies which capture some of the features of candidate flux
landscapes. In non-supersymmetric theories we find no evidence that such states
might be cosmologically favored. In supersymmetric theories, simple arguments
suggest that states which exhibit symmetries might be. Our considerations
lead us to raise questions about some popular models of eternal inflation.Comment: 27 pages, latex, minor typo correcte
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