1,060 research outputs found
Growth Hormone Increases Growth Velocity And Alkaline Phosphatase Level In Children With Hypophosphatasia
Stoics against stoics in Cudworth's "A Treatise of Freewill"
In his 'A Treatise of Freewill', Ralph Cudworth argues against Stoic determinism by drawing on what he takes to be other concepts found in Stoicism, notably the claim that some things are ‘up to us’ and that these things are the product of our choice. These concepts are central to the late Stoic Epictetus and it appears at first glance as if Cudworth is opposing late Stoic voluntarism against early Stoic determinism. This paper argues that in fact, despite his claim to be drawing on Stoic doctrine, Cudworth uses these terms with a meaning first articulated only later, by the Peripatetic commentator Alexander of Aphrodisias
Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen entanglement and steering in two-well BEC ground states
We consider how to generate and detect Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR)
entanglement and the steering paradox between groups of atoms in two separated
potential wells in a Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC). We present experimental
criteria for this form of entanglement, and propose experimental strategies for
detecting entanglement using two or four mode ground states. These approaches
use spatial and/or internal modes. We also present higher order criteria that
act as signatures to detect the multiparticle entanglement present in this
system. We point out the difference between spatial entanglement using
separated detectors, and other types of entanglement that do n}ot require
spatial separation. The four-mode approach with two spatial and two internal
modes results in an entanglement signature with spatially separated detectors,
conceptually similar to the original EPR paradox.Comment: 15 pages, changes mad
Isolamento de um inibidor de tripsina de sementes de Hymenaea courbaril Lee & Langenh por cromatografia de troca iônica.
Geometric design of friction ring dampers in blisks using nonlinear modal analysis and Kriging surrogate model
Integrally bladed disks (blisk) have been widely used in the turbo-machinery industry due to its high aerodynamic performance and structural efficiency. A friction ring damper (FRD) is usually integrated in the system to improve its low damping. However, the design of the geometry of this FRD become complex and computationally expensive due to the strong nonlinearities from friction interfaces. In this work, we propose an efficient modelling strategy based on advanced nonlinear modal analysis and Kriging surrogate models to design and optimize the geometry of a 3D FRD attached to a high fidelity full-scale blisk. The 3D ring damper is parametrised with a few key geometrical parameters. The impact of each geometric parameter and their sensitivities to nonlinear dynamic response can be efficiently assessed using Kriging meta-modelling based on a few damped nonlinear normal modes. Results demonstrate that the damping performances of ring dampers can be substantially optimized through the proposed modelling strategy whilst key insights for the design of the rings are given. It is also demonstrated that the distribution of the contact normal load on the contact interfaces has a strong influence on the damping performances and can be effectively tuned via the upper surface geometry of the ring dampers
Energy Utilization Analysis and Optimization of Corrective Insoles Manufactured by 3D Printing
The foot orthotic insole market is forecast to surpass a value of 3.6 billion USD by 2021. This vast industry continues to rely on foam milling and other subtractive methods of manufacturing, which have proven to be wasteful and inefficient. Leaps in digital manufacturing have enabled the technology to enter a plethora of industries, with the promise of increased customization accompanied with reduced waste generation. Despite boasting these valuable traits, the explosive proliferation of 3D printing in conjunction with mounting pressure to incorporate sustainable practices, means that research must be focused on maximizing the material and energy efficiency of the technology. This paper employs a Design of Experiments (DoE) approach for the optimization of two prefabricated insoles, adjusting percentage infill and layer height to obtain data regarding the effects of these parameters on print time, filament usage volume, and energy consumption. Key conclusions formed from the study were that infill density is the dominant factor effecting material consumption and power usage, whereas layer height has the greatest influence on production time. The data presented in this study has the potential to aid not only in the development of mass producible additive manufactured (AM) insoles, but also to advance the understanding of the environmental impact of AM technologies
Health of the black soldier fly and house fly under mass-rearing conditions:innate immunity and the role of the microbiome
Rearing insects for food and feed is a rapidly growing industry, because it provides excellent opportunities for a sustainable approach to animal protein production. Two fly species, the black soldier fly (BSF) and the house fly (HF), naturally live in decaying organic matter (e.g. compost), and can thus be effectively reared on organic rest streams from the food and agricultural industry. The adoption of these insects as mini-livestock on microbially rich substrates, however, requires us to address how we can safeguard insect health under mass-rearing conditions. In this review, we discuss what is known about the innate immunity of insects in general, especially focusing on a comparative approach to current knowledge for the two dipteran species BSF and HF. We also discuss environmental factors that may affect innate immunity in mass-rearing settings, including temperature, insect densities and diet composition. Furthermore, we address the role of the microbiome in insect health and the associations of these fly species with detrimental or beneficial microbes. Finally, we present a perspective on important open scientific questions for optimizing the mass rearing of these insects with respect to their health and welfar
Fibrinogen-mimicking, multiarm nanovesicles for human thrombus-specific delivery of tissue plasminogen activator and targeted thrombolytic therapy
Clinical use of tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) in thrombolytic therapy is limited by its short circulation time and hemorrhagic side effects. Inspired by fibrinogen binding to activated platelets, we report a fibrinogen-mimicking, multiarm nanovesicle for thrombus-specific tPA delivery and targeted thrombolysis. This biomimetic system is based on the lipid nanovesicle coated with polyethylene glycol (PEG) terminally conjugated with a cyclic RGD (cRGD) peptide. Our experiments with human blood demonstrated its highly selective binding to activated platelets and efficient tPA release at a thrombus site under both static and physiological flow conditions. Its clot dissolution time in a microfluidic system was comparable to that of free tPA. Furthermore, we report a purpose-built computational model capable of simulating targeted thrombolysis of the tPA-loaded nanovesicle and with a potential in predicting the dynamics of thrombolysis in physiologically realistic scenarios. This combined experimental and computational work presents a promising platform for development of thrombolytic nanomedicines
The Role of Regulated mRNA Stability in Establishing Bicoid Morphogen Gradient in Drosophila Embryonic Development
The Bicoid morphogen is amongst the earliest triggers of differential spatial pattern of gene expression and subsequent cell fate determination in the embryonic development of Drosophila. This maternally deposited morphogen is thought to diffuse in the embryo, establishing a concentration gradient which is sensed by downstream genes. In most model based analyses of this process, the translation of the bicoid mRNA is thought to take place at a fixed rate from the anterior pole of the embryo and a supply of the resulting protein at a constant rate is assumed. Is this process of morphogen generation a passive one as assumed in the modelling literature so far, or would available data support an alternate hypothesis that the stability of the mRNA is regulated by active processes? We introduce a model in which the stability of the maternal mRNA is regulated by being held constant for a length of time, followed by rapid degradation. With this more realistic model of the source, we have analysed three computational models of spatial morphogen propagation along the anterior-posterior axis: (a) passive diffusion modelled as a deterministic differential equation, (b) diffusion enhanced by a cytoplasmic flow term; and (c) diffusion modelled by stochastic simulation of the corresponding chemical reactions. Parameter estimation on these models by matching to publicly available data on spatio-temporal Bicoid profiles suggests strong support for regulated stability over either a constant supply rate or one where the maternal mRNA is permitted to degrade in a passive manner
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