Processing and Testing the Quality of Life in Families with Mentally Retarded Children

Background & aim: Mentally retarded children need more care on quality of life, therefore the family plays an important role, but the results indicate low levels of quality of life for these children and their families. The present study aimed to measure the quality of life in mothers of educable mentally retarded daughter motivated provide a model to measure quality of life and understanding of issues affecting the design. An attempt to investigate and describe the factors affecting the quality of family life with a disability and the relationship between these indicators and how to measure them families with children with mental retardation.   Methods: The research method was descriptive-analytic. The sample consisted of 75 mothers with a mentally retarded daughter who were participated in this study through census sampling. By studying literature, the related texts criteria of quality of life were extracted. All study information of participants was obtained by standard questionnaires. Using correlation analysis techniques, univariate regression, logistic regression analysis were analyzed through structural equations.   Results: The results indicated that the performance of family (family interactions, parenting, mental health and physical) capabilities mother (resilience and aggression), personal beliefs and quality of life of families with disabled children influenced it. Personal beliefs are an important determinant of quality of life.   Conclusion: The results of structural equation modeling and corresponding indexes indicated that the proposed model based on experimental data fitting was good and desirable product was in compliance with the conceptual model.   &nbsp

The comparison of the effectiveness between different doses of local methylprednisolone injection versus triamcinolone in Carpal Tunnel Syndrome: a double-blind clinical trial

Afshin Karimzadeh,1 Shahriar Bagheri,2 Seyed Ahmad Raeissadat,3 Shahab Bagheri,4 Seyed Mansoor Rayegani,4 Shahram Rahimi-Dehgolan,5 Farshad Safdari,2 Hashem Abrishamkarzadeh,2 Hadi Shirzad6 1Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Clinical Research Development Center of Imam-Hossein Educational Hospital, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; 2Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Bone, Joint and Related Tissue Research Center, Akhtar Educational Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; 3Clinical Development Research Center of Shahid Modarres Hospital, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Department and Research Center, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; 4Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Department and Research Center, Shohada-e-Tajrish Hospital, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; 5Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; 6Department of Medical Genetics, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran Purpose: Local corticosteroid injection is one of the most prevalent methods in treating carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS). However, the most efficient substance and its appropriate dosage remain controversial. In the present double-blind randomized controlled trial, the efficacy and safety of local injection of two corticosteroids (triamcinolone and methylprednisolone) were compared at two different dosages, 20 and 40 mg. Patients and methods: We consecutively included 80 patients with mild or moderate CTS and randomly assigned them to four groups: 20 or 40 mg triamcinolone (T20 or T40) and 20 or 40 mg methylprednisolone (M20 or M40) groups; each patient received a single injection of steroid using conventional approach. The four groups were relatively comparable and did not show any significant difference initially in their baseline measurements including pain intensity measured using VAS, pain-free grip strength (PFGS), nerve conduction study (NCS), and two parts of Boston Carpal Tunnel Syndrome Questionnaire: symptom severity scale (SSS) and functional status scale (FSS); the latter was our primary outcome measure. Three months after injection, they were reassessed to evaluate the clinical and electrodiagnostic changes. Results: Almost all NCS parameters, VAS, and PFGS significantly improved after treatment in all the groups (P<0.05). Compound motor action potential amplitude significantly improved only in T40 group (P=0.032), while there was no significant improvement in other groups. Furthermore, SSS remarkably decreased in all the four groups, without any significant difference between the groups (P=0.87). A similar significant decrease was found in FSS, with a higher improvement in T40 group (P=0.009). There was no significant difference between the four groups in other variables after treatment. Conclusion: Based on the current data, the efficacy and safety of local injection of triamcinolone and methylprednisolone at doses of 20 and 40 mg were associated with a significant improvement in pain, functional status, and strength. Although, there was no remarkable superiority, 40 mg injection, especially for triamcinolone, yielded better NCS results and functional status Keywords: steroids, injections, conservative treatment, wris