Effect of low protein diet supplemented with or without amino acids on the production of broiler

Experiment was carried out to investigate the effect of low protein diet supplemented with or without amino acids on the performance of broiler. Hubbard 375 day-old broiler were purchased, initially weighed and randomly divided into five groups (75 broilers in each group). Group A was kept as control given commercial feed, group B further divided into two group B1 and B2 were fed low CP (15 and 16%) ratio supplemented with lysine (1.0%) and methionine (0.5%) , while group C also further divided into group C1 and C2 were fed with the same low CP(15 and 16%) ratio without lysine and methionine supplementation. The experimental ratios were start up from fourth week of the experiment. Feed intake of broiler in group A, B1, B2, C1 and C2 was 3.793, 3.781, 3.739, 3.837 and 3.852 kg/b,(P > 0.05) and water intake 11.113, 11.494, 11.850, 11.277 and 11.252 lit/b, (P > 0.05), respectively. Live body weight of broiler was higher in B1 (2.149), than A(2.091), B2(2.069), C1(1.952) and C2(1.929), kg/b (P < 0.05) and their FCR was better for B1(1.75) than B2(1.80), A(1.81), C1(1.85) and C2(1.99), respectively. Carcass weight of broiler for A (1.227), B1 (1.339), B2 (1.210), C1 (1.155) and C2 (1.200) kg/b, (P > 0.05) and their dressing percentage were A(60.46), B1 ( 62.41), B2(60.48), C1 (59.59) and C2(59.22) percent (P > 0.05), respectively. Mortality of broiler in group A (5.3), B1 (2.6), B2 (6.6), C1 (4.0) and C2 (1.3) percent (P > 0.05), respectively. The average weight of liver, heart, gizzard, spleen and intestine for various group of broiler were found non significant (P > 0.05). Net profit was better in group B1 (75.5), followed by B2 (68.3), A (62.5), C1 (51.8) and C2 (49.9) Rs/b, respectively. It was concluded that low protein diet supplemented with lysine plus methionine significantly improved live body weight of broiler.Key words: Protein, amino acid, supplemented, broiler

In vivo pathogenicity of hydropericardium hepatitis syndrome (Angara disease)

This study was conducted on 175 one day old broiler chicks in order to observe in vivo pathogenicity of hydropericardium hepatitis syndrome (Angara disease). Chicks were grouped into A (25 chicks; reared at the Poultry Research institute (PRI), Rawalpindi) and B groups (150 chicks; reared at National Veterinary Laboratories (NVL) Islamabad in poultry rearing units). Feed and water were provided adlibitum to all the birds in both groups. The LD50 (lethal dose 50) of the virus was determined at the age of 26 days of broiler chickens divided into sub-groups a, b, c, d and e (each having 5 birds). The LD50 titre of the viral suspension (10%) was prepared from liver extract and determined as 10-2.5 per ml. During the study, potency of the vaccines was determined by vaccinating 150 chicks of sub-group k, l, m, n and o (each having 30 birds) with a dose of 0.2 ml. The vaccinated and non-vaccinated chicks of sub-groups were challenged with viral dose of 2 ml at day 17 post-vaccination to know the protection potency of the vaccines. No chick showed clinical manifestation of disease up to five days post challenge. On the 6th day post challenge, all the chicks were slaughtered and subjected to postmortem. Some of the chicks showed the lesions of hydropericarium. Histopathological findings of liver of all sub-groups revealed different stages of necrosis, cloudy swelling, liquefactive necrosis, cytoplasmic blabing, fatty degeneration and intranuclear inclusion bodies of virus.Key words: In vivo pathogenicity, hydropericardium hepatitis syndrome, Angara disease

Antimicrobial susceptibility of bacterial species identified from mastitic milk samples of camel

Twelve different antibiotics were used against bacterial species to record their sensitivity. The antibiotics were amikacin, amoxicillin, ampicillin, cephalexin, chloramphenicol, erythromycin, gentamycin, kanamycin, neomycin, ofloxacin, sulphamethoxazole trimethoprim and tetracycline. The species that showed sensitivity to amikacin were: Corynebacterium pyogenes (100%), Bacillus cereus (91.6%), Staphylococcus aureus (85.7%) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (66.6%). Whereas, B. cereus (100%), C. pyogenes (70.5%), Micrococcus luteus (78.5%), Pasteurella haemolytica (100%), Pasteurella multocida (100%), P. aeruginosa (72.2%) and S. aureus (100%) were observed to be highly sensitive to tetracycline. The species S. aureus (100%), P. aeruginosa (100%) and B. cereus (91.6%) were highly sensitive to sulphamethoxazole trimethoprim. The species Escherichia coli (100%), M. luteus (100%), P. haemolytica (92.8%) and P. multocida (93%) showed sensitivity to chloramphenicol. Moreover, P. haemolytica (100%), P. multocida (100%), C. pyogenes (70.5%) and S. aureus (85.7%) were sensitive to neomycin. The other species recorded as highly sensitive to cephalexin were: C. pyogenes (100%), P. multocida (80%), P. aeruginosa (72.2%) and S. aureus (85.7%), respectively.Key words: Antimicrobial susceptibility, bacterial organisms, mastitic milk