Denaturation of Labeo rohita (Rohu) actomyosin on frozen storage: preventive effect of carbohydrates

The preventive effect of sucrose and glucose on the denaturation of frozen rohu actomyosin at -20°C for 7 weeks was examined using an in vitro test model. The rate of denaturation was followed by estimating percentage salt extractability, Ca¹²+ ATPase activity and the clearing response test. Sucrose and glucose showed cryoprotective action for all concentration of actomyosin. Higher actomyosin concentration was preserved better than lower concentration. Post-rigor actomyosin was preserved to a greater extent than pre-rigor actomyosin. Correlation between percentage salt extractability and enzyme activity could not be observed in all samples of frozen actomyosin studied

Denaturation of Labeo rohita (rohu) actomyosin on frozen storage: preventive effect of dicarboxylic acids

The preventive effect of fumarate, maleate, tartrate and oxalate on the denaturation of frozen rohu actomyosin at -20°C in 0.7 M KCl for 7 weeks was examined using an in vitro test model. The rate of denaturation was followed by estimating percentage salt extractability, Ca²+ ATP-ase activity and the clearing response test. Fumarate, maleate and tartrate showed cryoprotective effect for higher concentration of pre-rigor rohu actomyosin of 10 mg/ml and 20 mg/ml. At actomyosin concentration of 6 mg/ml, maleate and tartrate showed some preventive effect whereas fumarate enhanced denaturation. Oxalate showed poor cryoprotective action. Post-rigor rohu actomyosin was preserved frozen without denaturation to a greater extent than pre-rigor actomyosin

Kharif Sorghum in Karnataka: An Economic Analysis

Sorghum, which once occupied more than 18 M ha of area in the country, has been on a continuous decline during the past two decades and has fallen down to 10.39 M ha. Most of the decline in area has occurred in kharif sorghum. This warrants critical examination of the changing scenario of kharif sorghum and identification of the reasons thereof. For the macro analysis, secondary data on various aspects of kharif sorghum have been used, whereas the farm survey data have been used to draw the inferences at the micro level with respect to changing scenario of kharif sorghum. The growth rates in area, production and productivity of kharif sorghum have been computed. The Herfindahl index has been computed to find out crop diversification in the sample districts of Dharwad and Belgaun. The deceleration in the kharif sorghum area in the overall period 1970-71 to 1997-98 and different sub-periods has been found due to the diversion of kharif sorghum area to more remunerative crops like oil seeds (groundnut and sunflower), and pulses. Belgaum district displayed a moderate degree of crop diversification compared to that of Dharwad district. Unfavourable prices, declining yields, inadequate credit and adverse climatic conditions have been identified as the major reasons for the replacement of kharif sorghum crop in the two sample districts. The net returns and benefit-cost ratio have been found low in the cultivation of kharif sorghum compared to those of its competing crops, viz. cotton, green gram and groundnut.Agricultural and Food Policy,

Microbial analytical studies of traditional organic preparations beejamrutha and jeevamrutha

Organic liquid preparations contain higher of bacteria, fungi, actenomycets, N-fixers and P-solubilizers. Form the studies it is evident that beejamrutha is used on the day of preparation and jeevamrutha to be used between 9 to 12 days after preparation. The application of these liquid formulations would supplement the application of biofertilizers and they can be prepared easily by locally available materials by the farmers, in rural area

Intersection Graphs of k-uniform Linear Hypergraphs

A finite hypergraph H is said to be linear if every pair of distinct vértices of H is in at most one edge of H. A 2-uniform linear hypergraph is called a graph. The edge-degree of an edge of a graph G is the number of triangles in G containing the given edge. In this paper it is proved that there is a finite family F of graphs such that any graph G with minimum degree at least 69 is the intersection graph of a 3-uniform linear hypergraph if and only if G has no induced subgraph isomorphic to a member of F. Further, it is shown that there is a polynomial f(k) of degree less than or equal to 3 with the property that given any integer k(⩾ 2) there exists a finite family F(k) of graphs such that any graph G with minimum edge-degree at least f(k) is the intersection graph of a k-uniform linear hypergraph if and only if G has no induced subgraph isomorphic to a member of F(k)

A Note on Sequence of Functions associated with the Generalized Jacobi polynomial

An attempt is made to introduce and use operational techniques to study about a new sequence of functions containing generalized Jacobi polynomial. Some generating relations, finite summation formulae, explicit representation of a sequence of function $S_{n,\tau ,k}^{(\alpha ,\beta ,\gamma ,\delta )} (x;a,u,v)$ associated with the generalized Jacobi polynomial $P_{n,\,\tau }^{\left( {\alpha ,\,\gamma ,\,\beta } \right)} (x)$ have been deduced

Ethnomedicinal Plants from Paderu Division of Visakhapatnam District, A.P, India

Paderu division of Visakhapatnam district is the higher altitude zone in the hilly tracts of Eastern Ghats of Andhra Pradesh.  It has the second highest tribal population in Andhra Pradesh.  It lies in between latitudes of 17o_501 and 18o – 351 North and longitude of 82o-17’ and 83o-1’ East with a total geographical area of 3, 24,965 ha. The tribal population of Andhra Pradesh is 41.99 lakhs which is 6.3% of the total population. There are 33 tribal groups in Andhra Pradesh. Of these, 13 tribal groups who inhabit this agency area are, Bagata, Gadaba, Kammara, Konda Doras, Khondus, Kotia, Kulia, Malis, Manne Dora, Mukha Dora, Porja, Reddi Doras or Nooka Dora and Valmiki in Visakhapatnam District and whose population is 3, 58,447 according to the 1991 Census reports. All these 13 groups are present in this division.  The present paper deals with about 455 plant species of 354 genera belong to 115 families have been recorded which are potentially used by the 13 tribal groups in this division. Of these 455 ethnobotanical plants, 426 plants are used for ethnomedicine to cure 126 ailments.  The tribal people of this division largely depend on herbal medicines, plants products for primary health care and their daily life. Key words: Ethnobotanical plants, Uses, Paderu division, Visakhapatnam, A.P, India S.B. Padal et al. Ethnomedicinal Plants from Paderu Division of Visakhapatnam District, A.P, India. J Phytol 2/8 (2010) 70-91

The TBX21 transcription factor T-1993C polymorphism is associated with decreased IFN-γ and IL-4 production by primary human lymphocytes

T-bet is a transcription factor that drives the Th1 immune response primarily through promoting expression of the IFN-γ gene. Polymorphisms in the T-bet gene, TBX21, have been associated with immune-mediated diseases such as asthma and systemic sclerosis. We found that the TBX21 promoter polymorphism T-1993C is associated with a significant decrease in IL-4 and IFN-γ production by stimulated primary human lymphocytes from healthy participants

Lactonization and protonation of gluconic acid: a thermodynamicand kinetic study by potentiometry, nmr and esi-ms

In acidic aqueous solutions, gluconate protonation is coupled with lactonization of gluconic acid. With the decrease of pC{sub H}, two lactones ({delta}/{gamma}) are sequentially formed. The {delta}-lactone forms more readily than the {gamma}-lactone. In 0.1 M gluconate solutions, if pC{sub H} is above 2.5, only the {delta}-lactone is generated. When pC{sub H} is decreased below 2.0, the formation of the {gamma}-lactone is observable although the {delta}-lactone predominates. At I = 0.1 M NaClO{sub 4} and room temperature, the deprotonation constant of the carboxylic group, using the NMR technique, was determined to be log K{sub a} = 3.30 {+-} 0.02; the {delta}-lactonization constant, by the batch potentiometric titrations, was obtained to be log K{sub L} = - (0.54 {+-} 0.04). Using ESI-MS, the rate constants of the {delta}-lactonization and the hydrolysis at pC{sub H} {approx} 5.0 were estimated to be k{sub 1} = 3.2 x 10{sup -5} s{sup -1} and k{sup -1} = 1.1 x 10{sup -4} s{sup -1}, respectively