Morphological study of the hard palate in the Egyptian goats (Capra hircus) : a scanning electron microscopic study

The aim of this study was to investigate the morphology of the goat hard palate by light and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), in addition to gross and morphometric analysis. A total of twelve goat heads, from normal adult and apparently healthy goats of both sexes, were collected from local slaughterhouses in Qena province, Egypt. Samples were subjected to gross examination, morphometric analysis, light microscopy and SEM. The hard palate in the goats was long and could be divided into a rostral narrow part and a caudal wide part with about 12–15 transverse palatine ridges from which the rostral palatine ridges were serrated on their free caudal edges. The dental pad replaced the upper incisors; its caudal border had a serrated appearance. At higher magnification, the epithelial surface of the palatine rugae and incisive papilla revealed a variety in the shape of the microplicae and the pattern of the micropits. These adaptations of the goat's hard palate might increase its efficiency during ingestion and mastication of coarse roughages and in directing the food backwards. To our knowledge, this is the first study showed the detailed anatomical description of the hard palate of the goat with SEM.South Valley Universityhttps://wileyonlinelibrary.com/journal/ahe2019-10-01hj2018Anatomy and Physiolog

Madurella mycetomatis Is Highly Susceptible to Ravuconazole

The current treatment of eumycetoma utilizing ketoconazole is unsatisfactory because of high recurrence rates, which often leads to complications and unnecessary amputations, and its comparatively high cost in endemic areas. Hence, an effective and affordable drug is required to improve therapeutic outcome. E1224 is a potent orally available, broad-spectrum triazole currently being developed for the treatment of Chagas disease. E1224 is a prodrug that is rapidly converted to ravuconazole. Plasma levels of E1224 are low and transient, and its therapeutically active moiety, ravuconazole is therapeutically active. In the present study, the in vitro activity of ravuconazole against Madurella mycetomatis, the most common etiologic agent of eumycetoma, was evaluated and compared to that of ketoconazole and itraconazole. Ravuconazole showed excellent activity with MICs ranging between ≤0.002 and 0.031 μg/ml, which were significantly lower than the MICs reported for ketoconazole and itraconazole. On the basis of our findings, E1224 with its resultant active moiety, ravuconazole, could be an effective and affordable therapeutic option for the treatment of eumycetoma

Absorption and quasinormal modes of classical fields propagating on 3D and 4D de Sitter spacetime

We extensively study the exact solutions of the massless Dirac equation in 3D de Sitter spacetime that we published recently. Using the Newman-Penrose formalism, we find exact solutions of the equations of motion for the massless classical fields of spin s=1/2,1,2 and to the massive Dirac equation in 4D de Sitter metric. Employing these solutions, we analyze the absorption by the cosmological horizon and de Sitter quasinormal modes. We also comment on the results given by other authors.Comment: 31 page

Diagnostic implications of mycetoma derived from Madurella pseudomycetomatis isolates from Mexico

Background: At the dermatology service of the General Hospital of Mexico City, Mexico, two patients, father and son, with black-grain mycetoma were seen. The grains were isolated, and the cultured fungi were identified as Madurella mycetomatis based on morphology. Using the M. mycetomatis specific PCR, amplicons of a different size than that of the M. mycetomatis type strain were obtained. Objective: To determine the causative agent of the two black-grain mycetoma cases and develop non-culture-based diagnostic tools to identify them to the species level. Methods: The M. mycetomatis specific, the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region, β-tubulin (BT) and ribosomal binding protein 2 (RBP2) PCRs were used to confirm the identity of the isolates. Genetic variation was established by amplification fragment length polymorphisms. To determine the antifungal susceptibility profile, the Sensititre™ YeastOne™ assay was used. To develop a species-specific PCR primers were designed on the sequenced PCR amplicon from the M. mycetomatis specific PCR. Results: By analyzing the ITS, BT and RBP2 regions the isolates were identified as Madurella pseudomycetomatis. The isolates from father and son were similar but not identical to M. pseudomycetomatis from Venezuela and one from an unknown origin. Madurella pseudomycetomatis isolates were inhibited by itraconazole, posaconazole and voriconazole but showed increased MIC values for amphotericin B and fluconazole. They were not inhibited by the echinocandins and five flucytosine. The two patients were treated with itraconazole resulting in cure for the father while the son was lost to follow-up. The species-specific PCR developed for M. pseudomyceotmatis was discriminative and specific. Conclusion: Madurella pseudomycetomatis is genetically diverse with same susceptibility profile as M. mycetomatis and causes eumycetoma in Latin America. The M. pseudomycetomatis specific PCR can be used to identify this causative agen

Bosonic D-branes at finite temperature with an external field

Bosonic boundary states at finite temperature are constructed as solutions of boundary conditions at $T\neq 0$ for bosonic open strings with a constant gauge field $F_{ab}$ coupled to the boundary. The construction is done in the framework of thermo field dynamics where a thermal Bogoliubov transformation maps states and operators to finite temperature. Boundary states are given in terms of states from the direct product space between the Fock space of the closed string and another identical copy of it. By analogy with zero temperature, the boundary states heve the interpretation of $Dp$-brane at finite temperature. The boundary conditions admit two different solutions. The entropy of the closed string in a $Dp$-brane state is computed and analysed. It is interpreted as the entropy of the $Dp$-brane at finite temperature.Comment: 21 pages, Latex, revised version with minor corrections and references added, to be published in Phys. Rev.

Absorption cross section in Lifshitz black hole

We derive the absorption cross section of a minimally coupled scalar in the Lifshitz black hole obtained from the new massive gravity. The absorption cross section reduces to the horizon area in the low energy and massless limit of s-wave mode propagation, indicating that the Lifshitz black hole also satisfies the universality of low energy absorption cross section for black holes.Comment: 13 pages, 1 figure, version to appear in EPJ

Phylogenetic Findings Suggest Possible New Habitat and Routes of Infection of Human Eumyctoma

Eumycetoma is a traumatic fungal infection in tropical and subtropical areas that may lead to severe disability. Madurella mycetomatis is one of the prevalent etiologic agents in arid Northeastern Africa. The source of infection has not been clarified. Subcutaneous inoculation from plant thorns has been hypothesized, but attempts to detect the fungus in relevant material have remained unsuccessful. The present study aims to find clues to reveal the natural habitat of Madurella species using a phylogenetic approach, i.e. by comparison of neighboring taxa with known ecology. Four species of Madurella were included in a large data set of species of Chaetomium, Chaetomidium, Thielavia, and Papulaspora (n = 128) using sequences of the universal fungal barcode gene rDNA ITS and the partial LSU gene sequence. Our study demonstrates that Madurella species are nested within the Chaetomiaceae, a family of fungi that mainly inhabit animal dung, enriched soil, and indoor environments. We hypothesize that cattle dung, ubiquitously present in rural East Africa, plays a significant role in the ecology of Madurella. If cow dung is an essential factor in inoculation by Madurella, preventative measures may involve the use of appropriate footwear in addition to restructuring of villages to reduce the frequency of contact with etiologic agents of mycetoma. On the other hand, the Chaetomiaceae possess a hidden clinical potential which needs to be explored

Effect of sequential isochronal annealing on the structure and migration behaviour of selenium-ion implanted in glassy carbon

Please read abstract in the article.http://www.journals.elsevier.com/vacuumhj2021Physic

On the SU(1,1) Thermal Group of Bosonic Strings and D-Branes

All possible Bogoliubov operators that generate the thermal transformations in the Thermo Field Dynamics (TFD) form a SU(1,1) group. We discuss this contruction in the bosonic string theory. In particular, the transformation of the Fock space and string operators generated by the most general SU(1,1) unitary Bogoliubov transformation and the entropy of the corresponding thermal string are computed. Also, we construct the thermal $D$-brane solution generated by the SU(1,1) transformation in a constant Kalb-Ramond field and compute its entropy.Comment: misprints correcte

Statefinder diagnostic and stability of modified gravity consistent with holographic and new agegraphic dark energy

Recently one of us derived the action of modified gravity consistent with the holographic and new-agegraphic dark energy. In this paper, we investigate the stability of the Lagrangians of the modified gravity as discussed in [M. R. Setare, Int. J. Mod. Phys. D 17 (2008) 2219; M. R. Setare, Astrophys. Space Sci. 326 (2010) 27]. We also calculate the statefinder parameters which classify our dark energy model.Comment: 12 pages, 2 figures, accepted by Gen. Relativ. Gravi