Functional features of innate immunity in the development of postpericardiotomy syndrome in patients after coronary artery bypass grafting

Objective: to study the functional characteristics of innate immunity in the formation of postpericardial syndrome (PPS) in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft ing (CABG).Materials and methods: the study involved 60 people, 40 of them made up the main group of patients with coronary artery disease, which retrospectively aft er 1 month of observation was divided into 2 groups. Group I CABG and PPS, group II CABG without PPS. The control group consisted of 20 patients without IHD. Before surgery, aft er 5, 14 days and 1 month, the expression of toll-like receptors (TLRs) 2, 4, 9, the content of CD16+ and Granzyme B lymphocytes, the HCT test and serum α-defensin were evaluated in blood cells. Statistical analysis of the results of the study was carried out using the program Statistica 12.0 (StatSoft , USA). The difference in mean values between groups was evaluated by the Mann-Whitney test. Statistical signifi cance was considered signifi cant at p ≤ 0.05.Results: when comparing the initial indices of the main groups and the control group, an increase in the expression of TLRs 2, 4, 9 was revealed. An increase in the content of CD16+, as well as an increase in the cytotoxic activity of natural killers and an increase in the production of α-defensin.Conclusions: on the basis of the study, activation of the cellular link of innate immunity, an increase in the cytotoxic potential of natural killers and a signifi cantly high level of α-defensin both before and aft er CABG were revealed, which can play an important role in the development of PPS

Clinical and paraclinical manifestation of irratable bowel syndrome in children

Bowel diseases and disorders take a significant place among digestive system pathology in children. Overall goal of the research is a study of clinical and paraclinical indices for verification of Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) in children. A complex clinical, anamnestic and paraclinical research of 35 children 3 to 16 years aged with IBS was analyzed. IBS with constipation were found in 32 children (91,4%); IBS with pain and flatulence – in 2 children (5,7%); only 1 patient had IBS with diarrhea (2,9%). IBS was found more often in children of preschool and primary school age, was characterized by prolonged relapsing course and same frequency in both genders. Clinical severity of the disease correlated with older age, overweight, signs of dysautonomia (Vegetative-vascular dystonia (VVD)) and cholestasis

Myocardial remodeling and fibroblast growth factor in patients with resistant hypertension

Aim. To study the prevalence and severity of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), its relationship with fibroblast growth factor (FGF23) in patients with resistant hypertension (RH) depending on the effectiveness of multiagent antihypertensive therapy.Material and methods. The study included 92 patients diagnosed with RH. All patients underwent 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM), echocardiography, general laboratory tests, and the serum FGF23 level was determined.Results. According to ABPM results, patients were divided into following groups: 1st — controlled RH (n=44) and 2nd — uncontrolled (n=48) RH. The groups were comparable in sex, age, main clinical and anthropometric parameters. In group 2, the main parameters of ABPM were higher. There were no differences in general laboratory tests, In the group of uncontrolled RH, the level of FGF23 was higher — 11,7 [8,5; 15,4] pmol/ml vs 9,2 [7,1; 11,6] pmol/ml in the 1st group (p=0,0036). According to echocardiography, a comparable violation of left ventricular (LV) diastolic function, an increase in left atrial size, LV mass (LVM) and LVM index were found. In patients of the 2nd group, large values of interventricular septal thickness were revealed — 1,3 [1,2; 1,4] cm vs 1,2 [1,1; 1,3] cm in the 1st group (p=0, 0043) and relative LV wall thickness (LVWT) — 0,50 [0,48; 0,53] vs, 0,45 [0,43; 0,50] in the 1st group (p<0,0001). In the 1st and 2nd groups, concentric LVH was more common (18 (41%) patients in the 1st and 26 (54,1%) in the 2nd (p=0,044) groups) than eccentric LVH (15 (34,1%) and 13 (27,1%) patients in the 1st and 2nd groups, respectively). Correlation analysis revealed a positive relationship between pulse pressure and HTN duration (r=48, p=0,02) and FGF23 level (r=0,62, p=0,004). The LVM index was positively associated with the diastolic pressure-time index (BP) (r=51, p=0,02). A positive correlation was found between relative LVWT and pulse pressure (r=0,64, p=0,02) and a negative relationship with the duration of regular antihypertensive therapy (r=47, p=0,04), A strong relationship was found between LVEF and FGF23 levels (r=0,75, p=0,005).Conclusion. For patients with uncontrolled resistant hypertension, an increase in pulse pressure and myocardial remodeling in the form of concentric hypertrophy are more characteristic. FGF23 is significantly higher in uncontrolled RH and is positively associated with pulse pressure and relative LVWT

QUALITY OF LIFE ASSESSMENT IN PATIENTS WITH ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME IN COMBINATION WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES

Purpose: to assess the quality of life in patients with acute coronary syndrome in combination with type 2 diabetes.Materials and methods: interviewed 130 people, matched by age. Assessment of quality of life was assessed with the help ofa questionnaire WHOQOL BREF, which consists of 26 questions evaluating the 4 areas of quality of life: physical, psychological,social and natural environment. Evaluation of the results was performed according to the scale presented in the instructions to thequestionnaire. The grid presents from 0 to 100 and, respectively, the higher the score, the higher the quality of life.Results: patients with acute coronary syndrome without type 2 diabetes and associated with type 2 diabetes, there is a decreaseof quality of life mainly in the physical, psychological and social spheres

DEPRESSIVE DISORDERS IN PATIENTS WITH CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE: DETERMINING THE PROGNOSIS

Despite the advances in the diagnosis and treatment of cardiovascular diseases, the cardiac mortality takes a leading position among the causes of general mortality. It was also noted that depressive disorders are widespread among the cardiovascular patients. They induce the impairment of cardiac prognosis both in patients with cardiovascular disease and in patients without cardiac disease. The article outlines the basic pathophysiological mechanisms of interaction between depressive symptoms and cardiovascular disease. In addition, the article focuses on the diagnosis of depressive symptoms as a factor determining cardiac prognosis

The role of glycosaminoglycanes in the development of intimal hyperplasia in the shunting of coronary arteries

The article is devoted to the study of the role of glycosaminoglycans (hyaluronic acid, heparan sulfate derivatives, dermatan sulfate) in the genesis of intimal arterial hyperplasia. It is shown that these substances play important role in the structural reorganization of vessels, including the development of intimal hyperplasia of the arteries. Scientific works on the role of GAG in the genesis of intimal hyperplasia are based on experimental data. The authors draw attention to GAG involvement in cell-intercell nteractions of artery walls, including proliferation, migration, signal transduction of smooth muscle cells, endotheliocytes, platelets. Undoubtedly, attempts to create a 3D shunt with hyaluronate, atorvastatin can be used in the clinic for full and longterm use, which can prevent the development of restenosis of the arteries

ВЫЧИСЛЕНИЕ ВЕРШИН ПОЛИТОПОВ РАЗБИЕНИЙ ЧИСЕЛ

The paper describes a method of generating vertices of the polytopes of integer partitions that was used by the authors to calculate all vertices and support vertices of the partition polytopes for all n ≤ 105 and all knapsack partitions of n ≤ 165. The method avoids generating all partitions of n. The vertices are determined with the help of sufficient and necessary conditions; in the hard cases, the well-known program Polymake is used. Some computational aspects are exposed in more detail. These are the algorithm for checking the criterion that characterizes partitions that are convex combinations of two other partitions; the way of using two combinatorial operations that transform the known vertices to the new ones; and employing the Polymake to recognize a limited number (for small n) of partitions that need three or more other partitions for being convexly expressed. We discuss the computational results on the numbers of vertices and support vertices of the partition polytopes and some appealing problems these results give rise to.Описывается метод генерирования вершин политопов разбиений чисел, с помощью которого авторами были вычислены все вершины и опорные вершины политопов разбиений всех n ≤ 105 и все рюкзачные разбиения n ≤ 165. Метод не требует построения всех разбиений n. Вершины определяются с помощью достаточных и необходимых условий, в трудных случаях применяется известная программа Polymake. Подробно излагаются алгоритм проверки критерия, характеризующего разбиения, являющиеся выпуклыми комбинациями двух других; методика применения двух комбинаторных операций, преобразующих известные вершины в новые вершины, и способ применения программы Polymake для распознавания небольшого (для малых n) числа разбиений, являющихся выпуклыми комбинациями трех и более разбиений. Представляются результаты вычислений и формулируются новые проблемы, к которым приводят полученные данные о числах вершин и опорных вершин политопов разбиений чисел

CHANGE OF LYSOZYME’S LEVEL IN ACUTE SOMATIC PAIN IN ADULT RATS

Purpose. To study the effects of acute somatic pain on the activity of lysozyme in the blood of animals.Materials and methods. Experiments were conducted on white adult non-linear male rats. Acute somatic pain was simulated by electrocutaneous stimulation of the receptor zone of the root of the tail. The animals were decapitated and blood sampling was carried out to study the activity of lysozyme by nephelometric method after the acute somatic pain.Results. Quantity of lysozyme increased in 2 minutes and in 30 minutes after acute somatic pain. Level of lysozyme decreased to the baseline values in 60 minutes after painful stimulation. Statistically significant decline of its level was observed.Summary. Lysozyme gets involved in the algogenic process when acute pain is experienced. The reaction of lysozyme to the acute somatic pain is transient and biphasic: a rapid increase in the peripheral blood with subsequent decline below the initial values

Можно ли повысить эффективность антибактериальной терапии нозокомиальных инфекций?

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