ORIGIN OF MELTING ANOMALIES IN THE JAPAN-BAIKAL CORRIDOR OF ASIA AT THE LATEST GEODYNAMIC STAGE: EVOLUTION FROM THE MANTLE TRANSITION LAYER AND GENERATION BY LITHOSPHERIC TRANSTENSION

At the latest geodynamic stage that is characterized by forces and processes of the last 90 Ma the lithosphere of Asia has been reactivated due to four main force factors: 1) mantle melting anomalies, 2) subduction-related interaction between the Pacific plates and the continental eastern margin, 3) convergent interaction between India and the continental southern margin, and 4) quasiperiodic orbital variations of the Earth. The starting point of the latest geodynamic stage [Rasskazov, Chuvashova, 2013] is consistent with the change of the Earth’s rotation due to the resonant interaction of its orbit with the orbit of the Mars in the time interval of 87–85 Ma [Ma et al., 2017].At the latest geodynamic stage that is characterized by forces and processes of the last 90 Ma the lithosphere of Asia has been reactivated due to four main force factors: 1) mantle melting anomalies, 2) subduction-related interaction between the Pacific plates and the continental eastern margin, 3) convergent interaction between India and the continental southern margin, and 4) quasiperiodic orbital variations of the Earth. The starting point of the latest geodynamic stage [Rasskazov, Chuvashova, 2013] is consistent with the change of the Earth’s rotation due to the resonant interaction of its orbit with the orbit of the Mars in the time interval of 87–85 Ma [Ma et al., 2017]

Рифты, орогены, кратоны и глобальная тектоника: введение в проблему

A key role in developing the Earth theory is played by comparative studies of orogens, rifts, and platforms in the equatorial, middle and high latitudes of Asia and the adjacent Arctic regions. The modern shape of the planet’s triaxial asymmetrical cardioid ellipsoid results from its latest (Late Phanerozoic) geodynamic evolution that began in Arctic and then commenced in Asia. At this stage, mechanisms of the lithosphere extension and compression, combined with extension, were launched in Arctic and Asia, respectively. The special issue of Geodynamics & Tectonophysics presents papers on this topic.В развитии теории Земли ключевую роль играют сравнительные исследования орогенов, рифтов и платформ в экваториальных, умеренных и высоких широтах Азии и сопредельной Арктики. Современная форма трехосного асимметричного кардиоидального эллипсоида на планете обусловлена ее новейшей (позднефанерозойской) геодинамической эволюцией, начавшейся в Арктике, а затем – в Азии. На новейшем геодинамическом этапе в Арктике был запущен механизм растяжения литосферы, в Азии – механизм сжатия, сочетающегося с растяжением. Cтатьи по этой тематике представлены в специальном выпуске журнала «Геодинамика и тектонофизика»

Investigation the role of religious organizations in system of general education: forms of state- confessional interaction

The purpose of the this was aimed at conducting a system analysis of the forms of interaction between religious organizations and modern states implementing the secular model regarding the regulation of religion component in the field of general educatio

Models of the organization of the judicial system: the experience of Russia and foreign countries

This article provides an overview of the organization of the judiciary in various countries. Firstly, attention is drawn to the legislative framework on the basis of which the system of courts in a particular state is built. Secondly, the conclusion is drawn that there are three models of the organization of the judiciary: decen-tralized; moderately centralized; strongly centralized bathroom. Examples of states in which distinguished models of the organization of the judiciary operate are given. Particular attention is paid to the place of the Russian model in the classification of judicial systems according to the degree of centralization of the judiciar

ПЕРИОДИЗАЦИЯ СОВРЕМЕННЫХ И ПОЗДНЕПЛЕЙСТОЦЕН-ГОЛОЦЕНОВЫХ ГЕОДИНАМИЧЕСКИХ И ПАЛЕОКЛИМАТИЧЕСКИХ ПРОЦЕССОВ

Based on comparative analyses of spatial and temporal patterns of high- and medium-potassic basaltic eruptions in the Central Mongolia and marine survey records of Sr isotopes, it is revealed that the start of the recent geodynamic stage in the Central Mongolia correlates with the starting point of its global manifestation, which gives an evidence of a close relationship between magmatic occurrences in the region under study and processes of global convergence. The magmatic occurrences are considered as representing the recent geodynamic evolution of the past 90 Ma with milestones of ~66, 40–37, ~32 and 17–15 Ma ago. Global changes, except those ~32 Ma ago, are shown in marine records of Sr isotopes. The Late Plestocene – Holocene natural and climate setting is reconstructed from radiocarbon datings of various geological and paleobiological objects. Changes of the natural environment and climate of the Northern hemisphere are plotted with account of strong magma eruptions, attacks of asteroids and meteorites, changes of lithological compositions of sedimentary complexes and species compositions of fauna at the given time interval.  Приведены результаты исследований, выполненных в лаборатории изотопии и геохронологии и лаборатории кайнозоя ИЗК СО РАН в рамках проектов СО РАН: ИМП № 77 «Изучение закономерностей проявления опасных природных процессов в исторически обозримом прошлом для разработки основ прогноза их поведения на ближайшие десятилетия» (РК 01201282598) и Пр. VIII.69.1. «Факторы, определяющие изменение среды и климата Центральной Азии в кайнозое». На основе сравнительного анализа пространственно-временного распределения высоко- и умеренно калиевых базальтовых извержений в Центральной Монголии и морских записей изотопов Sr выявлено соответствие начала новейшего геодинамического этапа в Центральной Монголии точке отсчета его глобального выражения, свидетельствующее о тесной связи магматических событий региона с глобальными процессами конвергенции. Эти магматические события рассматриваются как представительные для новейшей геодинамической эволюции литосферы за последние 90 млн лет, в ходе которой определена важнейшая роль рубежей ~66, 40–37, ~32 и 17–15 млн лет назад. Происходившие глобальные изменения, за исключением рубежа ~32 млн лет назад, запечатлены в морских записях изотопов Sr. Из анализа радиоуглеродного датирования различных геологических и палеобиологических объектов восстановлена природно-климатическая обстановка позднего плейстоцена и голоцена. Построена кривая, отражающая изменения природной среды и климата Северного полушария с учетом проявления мощных вулканических извержений и астероидно-метеоритных атак, изменение литологического состава осадочных комплексов и видового состава фауны на заданном временном интервале. 

GeneNet in 2005

The GeneNet system is designed for collection and analysis of the data on gene and metabolic networks, signal transduction pathways and kinetic characteristics of elementary processes. In the past 2 years, the GeneNet structure was considerably improved: (i) the current version of the database is now implemented using ORACLE9i; (ii) the capacities to describe the structure of the protein complexes and the interactions between the units are increased; (iii) two tables with kinetic constants and more detailed descriptions of certain reactions were added; and (iv) a module for kinetic modeling was supplemented. The current SRS release of the GeneNet database contains 37 graphical maps of gene networks, as well as descriptions of 1766 proteins, 1006 genes, 241 small molecules and 3254 relationships between gene network units, and 552 kinetic constants. Information distributed between 16 interlinked tables was obtained by annotating 1980 journal publications. SRS release of the GeneNet database, the graphical viewer and the modeling section are available at http://wwwmgs.bionet.nsc.ru/mgs/gnw/genenet/

Isolation, characterization and molecular cloning of Duplex-Specific Nuclease from the hepatopancreas of the Kamchatka crab

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Nucleases, which are key components of biologically diverse processes such as DNA replication, repair and recombination, antiviral defense, apoptosis and digestion, have revolutionized the field of molecular biology. Indeed many standard molecular strategies, including molecular cloning, studies of DNA-protein interactions, and analysis of nucleic acid structures, would be virtually impossible without these versatile enzymes. The discovery of nucleases with unique properties has often served as the basis for the development of modern molecular biology methods. Thus, the search for novel nucleases with potentially exploitable functions remains an important scientific undertaking.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Using degenerative primers and the rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE) procedure, we cloned the Duplex-Specific Nuclease (DSN) gene from the hepatopancreas of the Kamchatka crab and determined its full primary structure. We also developed an effective method for purifying functional DSN from the crab hepatopancreas. The isolated enzyme was highly thermostable, exhibited a broad pH optimum (5.5 – 7.5) and required divalent cations for activity, with manganese and cobalt being especially effective. The enzyme was highly specific, cleaving double-stranded DNA or DNA in DNA-RNA hybrids, but not single-stranded DNA or single- or double-stranded RNA. Moreover, only DNA duplexes containing at least 9 base pairs were effectively cleaved by DSN; shorter DNA duplexes were left intact.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>We describe a new DSN from Kamchatka crab hepatopancreas, determining its primary structure and developing a preparative method for its purification. We found that DSN had unique substrate specificity, cleaving only DNA duplexes longer than 8 base pairs, or DNA in DNA-RNA hybrids. Interestingly, the DSN primary structure is homologous to well-known Serratia-like non-specific nucleases structures, but the properties of DSN are distinct. The unique substrate specificity of DSN should prove valuable in certain molecular biology applications.</p

КУЛТУКСКИЙ ВУЛКАН: ПРОСТРАНСТВЕННОВРЕМЕННАЯ СМЕНА МАГМАТИЧЕСКИХ ИСТОЧНИКОВ НА ЗАПАДНОМ ОКОНЧАНИИ ЮЖНОБАЙКАЛЬСКОЙ ВПАДИНЫ В ИНТЕРВАЛЕ 18–12 МЛН ЛЕТ НАЗАД

The Kultuk volcano erupted at the axial South Baikal basin of the Baikal rift zone (BRZ). Now it exhibits facies of subvolcanic bodies, land-lava eruptions and subaqueous pillow lavas and hyaloclastites. The volcano was controlled by the Obruchev fault that is currently a border of the basin which amplitude of vertical movements is rapidly decreasing in the westward direction. It is found that the Kultuk volcano was active at the beginning and end of the volcanic activity period of the Kamar, Stanovaya, and Bystrinskaya volcanic zones, which took place 18–12 Ma ago. In previous papers, it was assumed that dominant structures in the area under study were major Cenozoic shear displacements along the Main Sayan fault and/or along the Tunka rift valley; however, at the current stage of our study, linear configurations of the volcanic zones do not reveal any of such displacements. Based on analyses of distribution of volcanic rocks in the relief at the western coast of Lake Baikal, distinct vertical crustal movements are revealed; such movements started in the Early Miocene and continue to the present time. It is concluded  that volcanism was controlled by the trans-tensional system of volcanic zones. Sources are identified for the shallow lithospheric mantle melt with the substantial admixture of the low-crust component and deeper asthenospheric mantle melts in the Kamar and Stanovaya volcanic zones; for the Bystrinskaya volcanic zone, only components from the deeper source are revealed. The local shallow mantle magmatism occurred only within the lithosphere extension zone beneath the South Baikal basin. The lithosphere thinning is reflected in the change of activity from the sub-lithospheric to lithospheric sources under the Kamar zone. Rifting of the axial structure is recorded at the root of the Slyudyanka lithospheric block that was subjected to the collision-related Early Paleozoic metamorphism. Geochemical characteristics of the collision-type components were inherited by the Miocene basaltic melts.На западном окончании осевой Южно-Байкальской впадины Байкальской рифтовой зоны, в постройке Култукского вулкана, представлены фации субвулканических тел, наземных лавовых извержений и подводных извержений подушечных лав и гиалокластитов. Вулкан контролировался Обручевским разломом. В настоящее время этот разлом ограничивает впадину с быстро уменьшающейся к западу амплитудой вертикальных движений. Установлена активность вулкана в начале и в конце лавовых извержений, происходивших во временном интервале 18–12 млн лет назад в трех вулканических зонах: Камарской, Становой и Быстринской. В предшествующих работах предполагалось, что на территории исследований преобладали кайнозойские крупномасштабные сдвиговые смещения по Главному Саянскому разлому или вдоль Тункинской рифтовой долины. Согласно авторской реконструкции линейной конфигурации вулканических зон, такие смещения на данном этапе исследований не обнаружены. По распределению разновозрастных вулканических пород в рельефе выявлены ярко выраженные вертикальные движения коры, начинавшиеся в раннем миоцене и продолжающиеся до настоящего времени. Сделан вывод о контроле вулканизма транстенсионной системой вулканических зон. В Камарской и Становой зонах определены источники малоглубинных выплавок из мантийной части литосферы с существенной примесью нижнекорового компонента и более глубинные – из астеносферной мантии, в Быстринской – только более глубинные. Локальный малоглубинный мантийный магматизм был пространственно ограничен областью растяжения литосферы под Южно-Байкальской впадиной. Утонение литосферы отражено в смене активности подлитосферных источников литосферными под Камарской зоной. Рифтогенез осевой структуры фиксировался в корневой части Слюдянского литосферного блока, претерпевшего раннепалеозойский синколлизионный метаморфизм. Миоценовыми базальтовыми выплавками унаследованы геохимические характеристики, свойственные компонентам коллизионных обстановок