Methods of Screening for Meibomian Gland Dysfunction

The relevance of the modern diagnosis of meibomian glands dysfunction (MGD) increases daily. Firstly, it is caused by changing of the perception about the prevalence of this disease, according to various data it is from 40 to 71% of the population in different age groups. Considering the increasing number of patients suffering from MGD, there is the need to develop screening methods for diagnosis of this disease. Screening methods should be available not only for specialists involved in the treatment of xerosis keratoconjunctival in specialized ophthalmology clinics, but also in out-patient sector. An important aspect in the diagnosis of the severity of the functionaldisorders of the meibomian glands is the assessment of morphological status that determines the further choice of therapy. To evaluate the morphological and functional state of the meibomian glands proposed to use biometrics of meibomian glands. A slit lamp is used for examination. Furthermore, objective data characterizing the morpho-functional state of the meibomian glands, can be obtained by carrying out meibography. Authors used not only white light but also infrared light for the visualization of meibomian glands during meibography. The multifunctional ophthalmic devices equipped with infrared lighting can be used for lighting. For example, specialized slit lamps, corneal topographs, Sheympflyug camera, the fundus camera and others. We applied nonmidriatic fundus camera TOPCON TRC-NW300, using for fotoregistration of the ocular fundus. A feature of the proposed method — meyboskopy — was simplicity and absence of necessity of the investigator skills by scanning with the fundus camera of the inner surface of the eyelid. Meiboskopy doesn’t require  additional equipment and software of the fundus camera and allows to receive objective quality video of meibomian glands, it opens new diagnostic possibilities. Extending of the range of diagnostic capabilities in detecting of MGD based on the screening methods will allow time to assess the severity of this disease and to appoint pathogenetically substantiated therapy

GEFUEGE UND EIGENSCHAFTEN VON PATENTIERTEN HOCHGEKOHLTEN DRAHT

Influence of bainite structure on mechanical characteristics of wire of steel 80 after patenting is investigated. the quantity and structural state of bainite, providing high complex of mechanical characteristics of high-carbon wire, is determined

КОНВЕРСИЯ НА ТАКРОЛИМУС У ПАЦИЕНТОВ С ПОЗДНИМ ОСТРЫМ И ХРОНИЧЕСКИМ ОТТОРЖЕНИЕМ ТРАНСПЛАНТИРОВАННОЙ ПОЧКИ

Tасrolimus (Tac) has been used for rescuing of renal allografts from refractory rejection that occurred during treatment with conventional cyclosporine A (CsA) mostly in the early posttransplant period. Less is known about effect of Tac in cases of late acute rejection. Aim of the study was to examine the long-term effects of switching from CyA-based therapy to Tac-based therapy versus continuation of CsA in renal transplant patients with acute rejection occurred 3 month after transplantation or later. In this comparative prospective clinical study 176 patients experiencing a late biopsy-proven acute or active chronic rejection were followed-up for up to 6 months. 61 pati- ents were converted from a CуA-based therapy to the Tac one; in 115 patients CsA-based therapy was continued. During the first month after the rejection episode the median serum creatinine concentration had decreased in both groups (from 0.27 (0.18; 0.4) to 0.25 (0.16; 0.41) mmol/l in the CsA group and from 0.25 (0.18; 0.3) to 0.18 (0.14; 0.25) mmol/l in the Tac group. During the follow-up graft function remained stable in the Tac group 0,17 (0,14; 0,3) mmol/l, while in the CsA group a trend to progression of graft failure was observed 0.33 (0.19; 0.8) mmol/l. The 3-year Kaplan-Meier estimates for graft loss were 57,1% (Tac) and 40,9% (CsA), respectively (р < 0.01). Conclusion: early switch from the CsA- to the Tac-based therapy after a late biopsy-confirmed rejection resulted in a significant improvement in the clinical output in renal graft recipients compared to patients for whom the CyA therapy was continued. Острое отторжение почечного аллотрансплантата, развивающееся в поздние сроки после транспланта- ции почки (ТП), в большинстве случаев бывает резистентным к терапии и лишь частично обратимым. Целью настоящего исследования было оценить эффективность конверсии с циклоспорина (ЦиА) на та- кролимус (Tac) у пациентов с поздним острым и активным хроническим отторжением. В исследование были включены 176 пациентов с поздним отторжением, 115 из которых продолжали терапию циклоспо- рином (группа ЦиА), а 61 был переведен на такролимус (группа Тас). Длительность наблюдения состав- ляла не менее 6 мес. В течение первого месяца с момента выявления и лечения отторжения в обеих груп- пах отмечалось снижение креатинина крови с 0,27 (0,18; 0,4) до 0,25 (0,16; 0,41) ммоль/л на циклоспори- не и с 0,25 (0,18; 0,3) до 0,18 (0,14; 0,25) на такролимусе. В последующем в группе Тас наблюдалась ста- билизация функции трансплантата на уровне 0,17 (0,14; 0,3) ммоль/л, тогда как у пациентов, продолжав- ших прием ЦиА, отмечалось прогрессирование дисфункции до 0,33 (0,19; 0,8) ммоль/л. Выживаемость трансплантатов к 3 годам наблюдения составляла в группах Тас и ЦиA 57,1 и 40,9% соответственно (р < 0,01). Конверсия с циклоспорина на такролимус при позднем отторжении трансплантата позволяет повы- сить эффективность его лечения и замедлить темпы прогрессирования нефропатии.

Clinical features of post-COVID-19 period. Results of the international register “Dynamic analysis of comorbidities in SARS-CoV-2 survivors (AKTIV SARS-CoV-2)”. Data from 6-month follow-up

Aim. To study the clinical course specifics of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and comorbid conditions in COVID-19 survivors 3, 6, 12 months after recovery in the Eurasian region according to the AKTIV register. Material and methods.The AKTIV register was created at the initiative of the Eurasian Association of Therapists. The AKTIV register is divided into 2 parts: AKTIV 1 and AKTIV 2. The AKTIV 1 register currently includes 6300 patients, while in AKTIV 2 — 2770. Patients diagnosed with COVID-19 receiving in- and outpatient treatment have been anonymously included on the registry. The following 7 countries participated in the register: Russian Federation, Republic of Armenia, Republic of Belarus, Republic of Kazakhstan, Kyrgyz Republic, Republic of Moldova, Republic of Uzbekistan. This closed multicenter register with two nonoverlapping branches (in- and outpatient branch) provides 6 visits: 3 in-person visits during the acute period and 3 telephone calls after 3, 6, 12 months. Subject recruitment lasted from June 29, 2020 to October 29, 2020. Register will end on October 29, 2022. A total of 9 fragmentary analyzes of the registry data are planned. This fragment of the study presents the results of the post-hospitalization period in COVID-19 survivors after 3 and 6 months. Results. According to the AKTIV register, patients after COVID-19 are characterized by long-term persistent symptoms and frequent seeking for unscheduled medical care, including rehospitalizations. The most common causes of unplanned medical care are uncontrolled hypertension (HTN) and chronic coronary artery disease (CAD) and/or decompensated type 2 diabetes (T2D). During 3- and 6-month follow-up after hospitalization, 5,6% and 6,4% of patients were diagnosed with other diseases, which were more often presented by HTN, T2D, and CAD. The mortality rate of patients in the post-hospitalization period was 1,9% in the first 3 months and 0,2% for 4-6 months. The highest mortality rate was observed in the first 3 months in the group of patients with class II-IV heart failure, as well as in patients with cardiovascular diseases and cancer. In the pattern of death causes in the post-hospitalization period, following cardiovascular causes prevailed (31,8%): acute coronary syndrome, stroke, acute heart failure. Conclusion. According to the AKTIV register, the health status of patients after COVID-19 in a serious challenge for healthcare system, which requires planning adequate health system capacity to provide care to patients with COVID-19 in both acute and post-hospitalization period

APPLICATION OF THE X-RAY STRUCTURE ANALYSIS FOR IMPROVEMENT OF TECHNOLOGICAL PROCES- SES OF WIRE PRODUCTION AT BMZ

The X-ray diffraction methods of qualitative and quantative analysis of phase composition of the brass coating, scale on the surface of brass wire, rod, patented wire, methods of determining the characteristics of the microstrains the lattice ferritic matrix pearlitic high-carbon steel, are explored

DETERMINATION OF SIZE OF GRAIN IN MICROSTRUCTURE OF THE PATENTED HIGH-CARBON WIRE

Scales have been developed for determination of size of austenite grain of high carbon patented steel, austenite graine sizes have been researched

STRUCTURE AND PROPERTIES OF PATENTED HIGH-CARBON WIRE

The influence of bainite structure on mechanical characteristics of wire of steel 80 after patenting is studied. The quantity and structure state of bainite, providing high complex of mechanical characteristics of high-carbon wire, is determined

Gefuege und eigenschaften von patentierten hochgekohlten draht

Analyse der mechanischen Eigenschaften und Mikrostruktur der Cordstahlproben Marke 80 nach isometrischen Austenitzerfall bei Bleischmelzetemperatur 610–400 ºС bei Ladorbedingungenzeigte

INFLUENCE OF BAINITE STRUCTURE ON MECHANICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF HIGH-CARBON WIRE

Influence of structure of beynit is explored on mechanical properties after thermal treatment of wire from the steel 80. The structural state of beynit, providing the high complex of mechanical properties of high-carbon wire, is definite